Dispersion modeling of propane leakage from an industry

Subject Areas : Water and Environment

Farideh  Golbabae ¹ (Professor of Occupational Health Faculty, Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran)
Nooroddin  Avar ² (Msc in Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran)
Iraj  Mohammadfam ³ (Faculty of Health, Medical Sciences University, Hamedan, Iran)

Received: 2011-04-29 Accepted : 2011-12-26 Published : 2012-03-20

Keywords: Modeling, Dispersion, Explosion PHAST, Software ex,

Abstract :

Abstract Leakage of toxic، flammable and dangerous materials in process and chemical industries has always been one of the hazardous for working people and residents around these industries and damaging the environment as well. Propane and combustion gas are important hazardous materials in these kinds of industries.  because of its special condition of maintenance, environment`s and storage in big tanks for consumption into production units, have chance bring about tens of people death from leakage and explosion of this gas. Although special precautions are considered to prevent release of material and occurring such incidents but releases, explosion and non stochastic incident `s occur mostly because of human errors during the unit control or during repairing. Therefore, the study of incident consequences using risk assessment procedures and atmospheric diffusion models is one of influential method in doing preventive measures. Today to quantitating of risk ( QRA), different software models such as SLAB-DEGADIS-PHAST and ALOHA Have been provided for modeling the release of toxic, flammable and hazardous materials. Each of these software has certain properties appropriate to its own applications. Additionally, By modeling of material release using reliable software, not only the affected area by release of toxic، flammable and hazardous materials could be determined, but emergency response program (proactive, in process and reactive) could also be planned with use conclusion of modeling. This case study is, an industry of Tehran. given input `s element of software according to weather and obtained concentration in 1 Km is17times of TLV and that`s limit of effectiveness explosive ment.  because that cause to 916 human personal and 130 passenger are die, also sustain a loss approximate at least 4/010/000/000/000 rial. that explain recommend` s e. g construction and equipped of crisis management station, rescue and resuscitation center, construction of dick, barrier and control of automobile`s, EX proofing of equipment`s near to tank to prevent and control of incident from release

References:

1. The quest quarterly “A Comparison of vapor cloud explosion models", Volume 4, 1999


2. Shepherd, J. E., Melhem, G. A., and Athens, P., “Unconfined vapor cloud explosions: a new perspective,” International Conference and Workshop on Modeling and Mitigatingthe Consequences of Accidental Releases of Hazardous Materials,” New Orleans, LA, May 20–24, 1991, AIChE, New York, 1991, pp. 613–635


3. CCPS. Guidelines for Evaluating the Characteristics of Vapor Cloud Explosions, Flash Fires, and BLEVEs, AIChE, , New York, ISBN 0-8169-0474-X, 387 pp., 1994.


4. گوهررخی. مهدی، ترابی. مرتضی، گلعذاری. فواد، اکبری. فرزاد، سال1388، "ارزیابی کمی و کیفی ریسک در واحدهای فرایندی، روش های  بررسی حوادث و شبیه سازی شبکه flare با نرم افزار aspen flarenet " ، انتشارات طراحان تاش رسانه


5. عبدالحمید زاده. بهمن، بدری .ناصر، سال 1389، "ارزیابی کمی و کیفی ریسک در صنایع فرایندی" ، انتشارات اندیشه سرا.


6. منبع: سازمان بهینه سازی سوخت کشور
   
   
   1. Robert,Alley.E,1998,”Air Quality Control Handbook”
   
   
   2. P. Zannetti, “Air Pollution Modeling”, 1990 New York: Wiley
   
   
   3. Nevers. N.D, McGraw. Hill ,2000,”Air Control Engineering”
   
   
   4. J.M. Santamaria Ramiro, P.A. Brana Aisa,1998, "Risk Analyses and Reduction in the Chemical Process Industry",
   
   
   5. Hanna, S. R., Chang, J. C., and Strimaitis, D. G., 1993, “Hazardous gas model evaluation with field observations,” Atmospheric Environment, 27A (15) 2265–2285, PASQUILL, F. and SMITH, F.B. (1983). Atmospheric Diffusion, 3rd ed. (New York: Wiley)
   
   
   6. Clancey, VJ, Diagnostic Features of Explosion Damage, 6th International Meeting on Forensic Sciences, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1972
   
   
   7. ترکیان. ایوب، اسلامی. زهرا، سال 1380، "مهندسی کنترل آلودگی هوا"، انتشارات دانشگاه صنایع و معادن.
      
      
      1. TLVs and BEIs , 2010
      
      
      2. تقدیسیان. ح .میناپور، سال1382، "تغییرات آب و هوا" ، سازمان محیط زیست.