Biourbanism urban design: Human bio-based approach to urban design (Case study: Cheshme kile Riverside of Tonekabon)

Subject Areas : Architecture and urbanism

Parisa  Ghobadi ¹ (PhD of Islamic Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran. )*Corresponding Author))
Reza  Jafariha ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Buein Zahra Technical University, Buein Zahra, Qazvin, Iran.)
Ali  Niknama ³ (Master of Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran.)
Alireza  Aali ⁴ (Master of Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran.)

Received: 2018-01-21 Accepted : 2018-08-13 Published : 2022-12-22

Keywords: Cheshme Kile of Tonekabon, human-bio based, Biourbanism, Urban design, River,

Abstract :

Background and Objective: Urbanization in the past, due to a coherent view of the city and not distinguishing between nature and urban context, left positive effects that are seen today. Experts are seeking to apply new practical approaches in the design and reconstruction of urban spaces, so that they can solve the existing problems. Material and Methodology: The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and applied research in terms of purpose. Findings: The achievement of this research in theoretical foundations is the introduction of bio-urbanism as a new approach in urban design that considers the urban environment as a very complex living object and tries to connect natural elements and human needs and sees urbanism as inseparably linked with biology. By analyzing three selected case examples based on the components of biourbanism, how the solutions based on them were investigated, and finally, the edge of the Kileh Tankabon spring river as a domestic and local research case, was analyzed and parts of it were designed as a sample of the selected projects. Discussion and Conclusion: This new type of urban approach and its application in Iran may face a large number of limitations, such as: high maintenance costs, low public awareness of its benefits, and diverging interests of the real estate market. But it is possible to gradually overcome the problems through a broad concept promotion and by raising the level of awareness about the usefulness of ecosystem services and the interaction of larger target groups.

References:

1. Caperna, A., 2011. A note by the President of the International Society of Biourbanism, Journal of Biourbanism JBU 1. Availableon:http://journalofbiourbanism.org/category/jbu-n-1-2011/ (accessed 30.10.2013).


2. 2-Krabbendam, L. and Van Os, J., 2005. Schizophrenia and urbanicity: a major environmental influence conditional on genetic risk. Schizophrenia bulletin, 31(4), 795-799. Available at http://schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org/content/31


3. Tracada, E. and Caperna, A., 2012, September. Biourbanism for a healthy city: Biophilia and sustainable urban theories and practices. In the Proceedings (Vol. 4).


4. World Health Organization, 1991. Environmental health in urban development: report of a WHO expert committee [meeting held in Geneva from 17 to 23 April 1990].


5. Bejan, A. and Lorente, S., 2013. Constructal law of design and evolution: Physics, biology, technology, and society. Journal of Applied Physics, 113(15), p.6. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798429, last accessed on 01/07/2013.


6. biourbanism.org/research, last accessed on 20/07/2013.


7. journalofbiourbanism.org, 01/07/2013.


8. Tracada, E. and Caperna, A., 2013. A new paradigm for deep sustainability: biourbanism' in the Proceedings of International Conference & Exhibition 'Application of Efficient & Renewable Energy Technologies in Low Cost Buildings and Construction', 16th-18th September 2013, Ankara, pp367-381.


9. Caperna, A., 2015. Biourbanism as a new epistemological perspective between science, design and nature. Back to basics: human physiology, psychology and place-making. ARCC network and the Feeling Good Foundation.London,18 November 2015.


10. Tracada E, Caperna A, Serafini S., 2013. Biourbanism as Neuroergonomics in Design. International conference “Towards a Progressive Arts Education: Inclusion, Change and Intervention”.British Library, London, UK and the University of the Arts, London, UK, from 6th-8th November, 2013.


11. http://www.biourbanism.org/biourbanism-definition/


12. 12-Village, V., 2016. Call Sheet from Bio-Urbanism to Indian Cities (Bachelor degree dissertation, ANNA University)


13. http://www.designboom.com/project/urban-acupuncture/


14. Salingaros, N. A. (2001). international Society of Biourbanism. [Online].


15. Batty, M. and Longley, P.A., 1994. Fractal cities: a geometry of form and function. Academic press.


16. https://fractalenlightenment.com/14556/fractals/the-fractal-structure-of-hindu-temples-16


17. biourbanism.org/peer-peer-p2p-urbanism/C


18. Farroc.com


19. James Corner Field Operations., 2013. Qianhai-Water City-Green Terrace: Shenzhen Qianhai Development Parcel H Landscape Planning Submission. Beijing Tsinghua Tong Heng Planning and Design Research Institute Co., Ltd. Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute.


20. cityofparramatta.nsw.gov.au


21. Niknama, Ali(2015); Green design of road on the edge of Kileh Tonkabon spring river based on landscape ecology, Master's thesis, Tabriz University of Islamic Arts, Tabriz