Sub-lethal effects of nano zinc oxide (ZnO NPs) on some hematological indices of goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Subject Areas : environmental management

Seyed Aliakbar Hedayati ¹ , Abdolreza Jahanbakhshi ²

1 - Assistant Professor of Marine Biology, Faculty of Fishery and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran*(Corresponding Author)
2 - PhD of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Fishery and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

Received: 2015-01-20 Accepted : 2015-11-16 Published : 2017-03-21

Keywords: Goldfish, hematology, nano-toxicology, Pollution,

Abstract :

Background and Objective: Extensive development of nanotechnology and applications of nano-particles in different industries has caused devastating effects of nano-materials on organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nano zinc oxide on hematological factors of goldfish. Methods: In this paper we determine the range of concentrations of zinc oxide nano-particles to determine LC50 of gold fish at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively. Then, according to the LC50, separate experiments were designed to induce sub-lethal concentration of this substance on Hematological parameters were studied. Blood samples of goldfish fry were taken in the 7 days following exposure to lethal concentrations (50% concentration) of nano-ZnO nano-materials with fish that were not exposed. Findings: The results showed that the nano-particles could changes in blood parameters of gold fish by increasing red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV in treatment was influenced by the nano-particles, was (P>0.05) and reduced white blood cell (WBC) in the treatment of fish exposed to lethal concentrations of nano-particles compared to the control group (P>0.05) but did not show significant change in MCH, MCHC indices. Discussion and Conclusions: In conclusion sub-lethal concentration of nano zinc oxide could affect hematological parameters of goldfish and this fish have more resistance to this kind of pollutant. 

References:

1. رنگ هره دشت. م، و میرواقفی. ع، 1391، کابرد فناوری نانو در شیلات. ماهنامه فناوری نانو، 11(6): صص 15-13.


2. مومنی ها. ف، و ندافی. ک، 1391، بررسی سمیت نانوذرات  ZnOتماس یافته با رنگ آبی 29 با استفاده از دافنیا مگنا، مجله تحقیقات نظام سلامت، سال هشتم، شماره دوم.


3. منصف خوشحاب، ز، 1391، سنتز اکسیدروی با استفاده از روش رسوب گیری شیمیایی، انتشارات دانشگاه پیام نور مرکز قزوین، سال اول، شماره چهارم، 11صفحه.


4. Bahmani, M., Kazemi, R., Donskaya, P., 2001. A comparative study of some hematological features in young reared sturgeons (Acipenser persicus and Huso huso). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 24, 135-140.


5. Hrubec, T.C., Cardinale, J.L., Smith, S.A., 2008. Hematology and plasma chemistry reference intervals for cultured tilapia (Oreochromis hybrid). Veterinary Clinical Pathology 29, 7-12.


6. Roche, H., Bogé, G., 2000. In vivo effects of phenolic compounds on blood parameters of a marine fish (Dicentrarchus labrax). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology 125, 345-353.


7. Fadaeifard, F. 2010. An investigation of ectoparasites of gold fish. Journal of veterinary modern Research, 1(4): pp: 17-24.


8. Blaxhall, P.C. Daisley, K.W., 1973. Routine hematological methods for use with fish blood .Journal of Fish Biology Volume 5 Issue (6), p. 771-781.


9. Lin, D.H., Tian, X.L., Wu, F.C. and Xing, B.S. 2010. Fate and transport of engineered nano-materials in the environment. J. Environ. Qual. 39: 1896-1908.


10. Goel, K. and K. Gupta . 1985. "Haematobiochemical characteristics of Heteropneustes fossilis under the stress of zinc." Indian Journal of Fisheries 32(2): 256-259. 


11. Zhang XD, Wu HY, Wu D, Wang YY, Chang JH, Zhai ZB, et al. 2010. Toxicologic effects of gold nanoparticles in vivo by different administration routes. Int J Nanomedicine; 5: 771-81.


12. Ololade, I.A., Oginni, O., 2010 .Toxic stress and hematological effects of nickel on African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, fingerlings. Journal of Environmental and Chemical. Ecotoxiccol 22, 14-19.


13. Remyla, S.R., Ramesh, M., Sajwan ,K.S., Senthil Kumar, K., 2008. Influence of zinc on cadmium induced haematological and biochemical responses in a freshwater teleost fish Catla catla. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 34, 169-174.


14. Kavitha, C., Malarvizhi, A., Senthil Kumaran, S., Ramesh, M., 2010. Toxicological effects of arsenate exposure on hematological, biochemical and liver transaminases activity in an Indian major carp, Catla catla. Food and Chemical Toxicology 48, 2848-2854.


15. Barnhoorn, I.E.J., 1996. Effects of manganese on the haematology of Oreochromis mossambicus and the bioaccumulation of metals in Labeo umbratus. 68 p.


16. Wiench, K., Wohlleben, W., Hisgen, V., Radke, K., Salinas, E., Zok, S., Landsiedel, R. 2009. Acute and chronic effects of nano- and non-nano-scale TiO2 and ZnO particles on mobility and reproduction of the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna. Chemosphere 76, 1356–1365.


17. Mortimer M, Kasemets K, Kahru A. 2010. Toxicity of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles to ciliated protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila. Toxicology. 269(2-3): 182-9.


18. Heinlaan M, Ivask A, Blinova I, Dubourguier HC, Kahru A. 2008. Toxicity of nanosized and bulk ZnO, CuO and TiO2 to bacteria Vibrio fischeri and crustaceans Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus. Chemosphere. 71(7): 1308-16.


19. Zhu, X. 2008. Oxidative stress and growth inhibition in the freshwater fish (Carassius auratus) induced by chronic exposure to sublethal fullerene aggregates. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 27: 1979-1985.


20. علیشاهی. م، و مصباح. م، 1389، مقایسه سمیت نانوذرات نقره در ماهیان آمور (Ctenopharyngodon idella) شیربت (Barbus grypus) اسکار (Astronorus ocellatus) و سوروم (Cichlosoma severums)، مجله بیولوژی دریا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز، 2(7): صص 51-45.