Study of the United States' Smart Power Against Iran (2009-2021)

Subject Areas :

Ali Bizhani nasab ¹ , رضا سیمبر ²

1 -
2 - مدیر گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه گیلان

Received: 2025-10-25 Accepted : 2025-11-02 Published : 2025-11-22

Keywords: United States of America, smart power, Iran, multilateralism,

Abstract :

This research aims to provide an analysis of the United States' smart power in relation to the Islamic Republic of Iran (2009-2021). The analysis focuses on the differing approaches during two presidential terms through leadership styles within the framework of smart power analysis: Barack Hussein Obama (2009-2017) and Donald John Trump (2017-2021). Iran, as a significant player in the Middle East, is crucial; thus, the United States' foreign policy positions regarding this actor hold great importance. This study seeks to illustrate, through descriptive analytical methods and based on library research and a review of mass and virtual media, how the smart power of the United States has evolved in the 21st century, considering developments and the impact of Presidents in office. Accordingly, U.S. smart power from 2009 to 2021 regarding Iran has utilized an approach of engagement and pressure, particularly during Obama's presidency with a focus on multilateralism and international diplomacy, whereas, in contrast, Trump's era adopted a unilateral and maximum pressure approach.

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