The Effectiveness of Yoga Exercises on Psychological Well-Being and Self-Conscious Emotions in Women with Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Subject Areas : Psychological Models and MethodsSeyyedeh Sahar Mohaghghegh Mortazavi 1 , Somayyeh Taklavi Varaniyab 2
1 - Master's Degree in General Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran
Keywords: Yoga Exercises, Psychological Well-Being, Self-Conscious Emotions, Generalized Anxiety Disorder,
Abstract :
Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of yoga exercises on psychological well-being and self-conscious emotions in women with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder.
Methods: This applied study used a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design. The population included women aged 35 to 55 with generalized anxiety symptoms in Ardabil, Iran (2023). Sampling involved three stages: convenience sampling from local centers, purposive selection of 38 eligible participants via GAD-7 and clinical interviews, followed by random assignment to experimental (n=19) and control (n=19) groups. The experimental group completed 32 yoga sessions over eight weeks, while controls received no intervention. Data were collected using GAD-7, Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the Self-Conscious Affect and Attribution Inventory (SCAAI). Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted after confirming statistical assumptions.
Findings: Based on post-test F-values for psychological well-being components including environmental mastery (F=16.250), personal growth (F=14.901), positive relations (F=16.796), purpose in life (F=15.355), and self-acceptance (F=30.084) all significant at p<0.05, yoga was effective in improving these dimensions in women with generalized anxiety symptoms, except for autonomy. Similarly, post-test F-values for self-conscious emotions shame (F=33.164), guilt (F=24.931), externalization (F=24.403), indifference (F=35.729), and pride (F=16.518) also showed significant effects (p<0.05). Negative emotions decreased after the intervention, indicating better emotional regulation, while pride reduction may suggest less unhealthy self-focus and greater psychological balance.
Conclusion: In conclusion, yoga practice can effectively enhance psychological well-being and self-conscious emotions in women showing symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder.
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