Urban Settlements and Land Use Change and Flood Management with New LID-BMP Approaches (Case Study of Watershed Affecting Vilashahr City and Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch)
Subject Areas : Environment and sustainable developmentSayyed Mohammad Kazemi 1 , Jalil Emadi 2 , Masoud Nasri 3 , Seyed Shahab Amelian 4
1 -
2 - Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
3 - Water Studies Research Center, Isf.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
4 - Department of Mechanical Engineering Shahinshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahinshahr, Iran
Keywords: Urban watershed management, environmental hazard vulnerability, urban flooding, low-impact development method,
Abstract :
Urbanization and land use changes, by increasing impervious surfaces, have reduced water infiltration into the ground, increased peak flood discharge, and reduced the quality of water resources. Traditional methods of managing surface runoff, which are based on engineering structures such as drainage networks, in addition to high costs, cause undesirable changes in urban hydrology and affect the environment. In contrast, modern methods of managing runoff, such as low-impact development (LID-BMP), emphasize infiltration and local storage of runoff and reduce the negative effects of urbanization on the water cycle.These methods include absorption wells, infiltration trenches, rain gardens, temporary dry ponds, and bio-channels, which together reduce runoff and improve surface water quality. Combining these methods with structural approaches, in addition to reducing costs, leads to the return of the urban environment to natural conditions before development, while at the same time being highly effective in controlling runoff volume. It was used to spatially analyze runoff movement within 10 watersheds with an area of 12,273 hectares and the campus of Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch with an area of 294 hectares. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. The results of this study indicate that the flow paths due to the change in land use and the existing channel are not sufficient to pass the surface runoff generated, which is a major problem considering the necessity of creating and concentrating upstream runoff. Therefore, in this study, scenarios were presented for storing, directing, and extracting runoff with modern LID-BMP approaches that can be optimally applied to this problem in environmental sustainability.
Arman, N. , Shahbazi, A. , faraji, M. & dehdari, S. (2019). Effect of urban development on runoff generation by SWMM, case study: Khuzestan Province, Izeh. Watershed Engineering and Management, 11(3), 750-758. [In Persian]
Bixler, T., Houle, J., Ballestero, T., & Mo, T. (2020). A spatial life cycle cost assessment of stormwater management syste. Science of the Total Environment, 728 (16), 138- 145.
Dong, X., Yuan, P., Song, Y., & Yi, W. (2021). Optimizing Green-Gray Infrastructure for Non-Point Source Pollution Control under Future Uncertainties. Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (14), 181- 193.
Emadi, J., Kazemi, S. M., Nasri, M., & Amelian, S. S. (2022). Technical-Economical Evaluation of integrated Surface Runoff Control Methods using StormCAD Model and LID-BMP Approaches. Environment and Water Engineering, 8(2), 427-439. [In Persian]
Emadi, J., Kazemi, S. M., Nasri, M., & Amelian, S. S. (2024). Development of an Optimization Model for Surface Runoff Management Using Metaheuristic Algorithms. [PhD Dissertation, Islamic Azad University]. Najafabad Branch. [In Persian]
Farzin, S., Noori, H., & Karami, H. (2018). Developing the Performance of Modern Methods Using Multi-Objective Optimization in Urban Runoff Control. Iran-Water Resources Research, 14(3), 45-58. [In Persian]
Goodarzi, M., & Hoseini, A. (2019). Numerical modeling of the flood routing and zoning by Saint-Venant in the river Bostanak. Journal of Civil and Environmental Researches, 4(2), 17-31. [In Persian]
Khajehnejad, R., Bahremand, A., & Mohammadrezaei, M. (2024). An overview of integrated flood management in Iran: current status and challenge. Journal of Aquifer and Qanat, 5(1), 183-202. [In Persian]
Lin, J., Yuan, T., & Chen, C. (2021). Water Retention Performance at Low-Impact Development (LID) Field Sites in Taipei, Taiwan. Sustainability, 13 (2), 10- 19.
Lin, X., Yuan, P., Song, Y., & Yi, W. (2021). Optimizing Green-Gray Infrastructure for Non-Point Source Pollution Control under Future Uncertainties. Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (14), 181- 193.
Miremadi, S. Z., Karami, H., Hosseini, K., & Hashemi, S. A. A. (2019). Flood Reduction in Urban Basins Using LID- BMPs IN SWMM Model and Selecting The Best Option With AHP- TOPSIS (Case Study: Golestan Area in Semnan). Journal of Ecohydrology, 6(4), 1003-1013. [In Persian]
Nasri, M., Javaheri, M., & Ebrahimi, M S. (2014). Training Manual for Modeling Runoff Collection and Conveyance Systems Using Civil Storm V8i Softwar. [In Persian]
Nasri, M., Najafi, A., Modarres, R., & Islamian, S. S. (2007). Regional Flood Modeling in the Southwestern Ardestan Watershed. Journal of Isfahan University, 6, 17. [In Persian]
Rezaei, A., Ismail, Z., Niksokhan, M., Dayarian, M., Ramli, A., & Yusoff, S. (2021). Optimal implementation of low impact development for urban stormwater quantity and quality control using multi-objective optimization. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 13 (3), 261- 272. [In Persian]
Rostami, M., Saghafian, B., Akhtari, M., Ghermezcheshmeh, B., & Abdeh Kolahchi, A. N. (2019). Developing a Simulation-Optimization Model for Locating Appropriate Flood Control Measures in Watersheds. In 7th Comprehensive Flood Management and Engineering Conference, Tehran. [In Persian]
Shahnazi, M. (2024). Urban environmental resilience against climate change: Challenges and solutions. First National Conference on Environmental Future and Sustainability, Tehran. [In Persian]
Tabatabaei Yazdi, J., Tavakoli, H., Abbasi, A. A., & Abbasi, M. (2009). Rainwater harvesting, a perspective on optimal urban runoff management (Case study: Mashhad city). Urban Watershed Management Conference, Mashhad, Iran. [In Persian]
Xu, T., Hia, H., Wang, Zh., Mao, Xu., Xu, Ch. (2017). SWMM-based methodology for block-scale LID-BMPs planning based on site-scale multi-objective optimization: a case study in Tianjin. Frontiers of Environmental Science and Engineering, 11(4), 202-215.
Zha, X., Luo, P., Zhu, W., Wang, S., & Zhenhong, W. (2021). A Bibliometric Analysis of the Research on Sponge City: Current Situation and Future Development Direction. Ecohydrology, 10 (3), 66- 79.
Zhang, X., Hu, M., Chen, G., & Xu, Y. (2012). Urban rainwater utilization and its role in mitigating urban waterlogging problems—A case study in Nanjing, China. Water resources management, 26, 3757-3766.
Zoratipour, A., Salageghe, A., Almaali, N., & Askari, H.M. (2009). The assessment of precipitation- runoff model by using of artificial neural network and regression methods (Case study: Minab Basin), Whatershed Management Research, 22(83), 69. [In Persian]
