Comparative Analysis of the Spatial Structure of Traditional Houses in Yazd Using Spatial Syntax: A Case Study of the Hirani and Fateh Houses
Subject Areas : Space Ontology International JournalMohammad Najafi 1 , Masoumeh Yavari 2
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Keywords: Spatial Syntax, Traditional Houses, Yazd Architecture, Privacy and Integration, Courtyard Design,
Abstract :
This study compares the spatial structure of two traditional houses in Yazd, the Hirani and Fateh houses, through spatial syntax theory. It investigates how the orientation (north-south vs. east-west) affects space organization, accessibility, and the flow of natural light and ventilation. The Hirani House, with a north-south orientation, features a linear layout where public spaces are near the entrance, and private areas are deeper inside, creating a clear spatial hierarchy with more isolation. The Fateh House, oriented east-west, has two central courtyards, promoting openness and interaction between public, semi-private, and private spaces. The courtyards act as intermediaries, reducing spatial segregation and enhancing accessibility. Key findings show that the Hirani House prioritizes privacy, with less visual connection between spaces, while the Fateh House fosters integration and social interaction through its fluid transitions. Both houses respond to Yazd’s climate: the Hirani House’s north-south orientation optimizes sunlight and ventilation for the hot climate, while the Fateh House uses its courtyards to balance airflow and sunlight exposure. This study highlights the cultural and climatic significance of spatial organization in traditional Yazd houses and provides insights into how these design principles can inform modern architecture. The study reveals that traditional spatial arrangements, while addressing social and environmental needs, offer valuable lessons for contemporary architecture, promoting a balance between heritage and modern living requirements.
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