Spatial Analysis of Social Justice in Tabriz Metropolis by Factor Analysis

Subject Areas : Regional Planning

Mohammad Ali Khaliji ¹ , ejlal Hajinejhaz ² , Amin Mahdikhah ³

1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Urbanism, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch, ahvaz , Iran
2 - Department of Urbanism,Islamic Azad University, Marand Branch, Marand , Iran
3 - Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, AharIran

Received: 2018-12-18 Accepted : 2019-10-18 Published : 2020-04-20

Keywords: Factor Analysis, Urban Areas, Tabriz, Social Justice,

Abstract :

      The spatial distribution of facilities and services of a city is intimately connected with sustainable development based on social justice indices. because the equitable distribution of services and facilities can provide a basis for balanced development of regions of a city, to create social crises and complex spatial problems; Therefore, the city planning process should take strict attention to spatial and equitable distribution of facilities and services.The purpose of this research is to investigate and understand how and how to distribute services in the areas of Tabriz, determining the main criteria defining the level of development of social justice and presenting mobility programs to the process of social justice is one of the main goals of this research. is descriptive-analytical. Also, in order to identify the various dimensions of social justice in the urban areas of Tabriz, using the latest statistics and information for 2016, 32 different indicators have been studied in terms of 6 components of demographic, economy,physical, transportation, educational, health and medical, and among 10 regions, and the results It has been evaluated using the FA Analysis Model. In this paper, firstly, using FA analysis, the indexes were reduced and extracted the set of factors involved in the level of social justice, and then, using the standardized score rating method, Tabriz regions were ranked. show that the distribution of facilities and services in the areas of Tabriz is not balanced and coherent. As for regions 6, 3, 2, in terms of having all facilities and services, they are ranked 1 to 3 in comparison with other area         Extended Abstract  Introduction:          Justice in the word means the endurance of something, equity, justice, the rule of law, the amount and the equilibrium; so the middle ground between extremes and extremes, which is the moderation of its power and discipline, in the sense of The most important ethical virtues have been counted as Imam Khomeini writes about this: it is not the moral virtues but the absolute justice, all the virtues of the esoteric and the physical and the physical and the heart and the. The equitable spatial distribution of facilities and resources between different urban areas and equal access of citizens to social justice are synonymous with lack of equitable distribution leading to social crises and complex spatial problems, and equitable distribution will also promote balanced urban development. Therefore, the optimal design of urban services and facilities, with social justice, is much more in the process of planning. Today, economic and social inequalities are pervasive and widespread phenomena that have been taken into consideration in the early 1821s. One of the most important consequences of the accelerated growth of urbanization and physical development of cities in the country in recent decades has been the collapse of the city's service distribution system that has created social inequalities for citizens to access these services; it has become urbanized and rural and has somehow made social justice difficult. The lack of financial, technical and infrastructural facilities to create public and social uses of the city has also fueled this spatial inequality. The polarization of the spatial structure of the city through management policies and the privileging of an environment for the absorption or disposal of facilities and services has increased the poor spatial. Thus, at the present time, the discussion of social justice is at the heart of urban studies in all relevant disciplines. Achieving social justice in cities will ultimately lead to citizens' satisfaction with their lifestyles and contribute to political stability and national authority. From a geographical point of view, social justice in the city is synonymous with equitable distribution of facilities and resources between urban areas and equal access for citizens. Because the inequality of their distribution will lead to social crisis and complex spatial problems. For this reason, studies of social justice and urban service facilities have been extensively developed over the past two decades.   Methodology:           The research is descriptive-analytical and the category of applied research. Theoretical Foundations Based on documentary studies, a library has been developed. To select the indicators that affect social justice and prioritize these indicators in measuring social justice, expert experts in the field (Traffic, Utilities, Urban Planning, Governance, Governance, Road and Urban Planning), 20 people, using Delphi method the questionnaire test is randomly used for weighting. Part of the information required is collected from the Statistics Center. The most important indicators used are literacy, health care, education, and so on. In this study, using social justice indicators and factor analysis model, social justice is assessed in 10 regions of Tabriz. The analysis of quantitative and qualitative social issues is done through a tool called variables as social indicators. Social indicators are a key tool for delineating the province's future prospects and planning. Results and discussion:         Factor analysis is a technique that makes it possible to reduce a large number of interrelated variables to a smaller number of hidden or non-existent dimensions. Its main purpose is to observe the principle of economics and savings by applying the smallest explanatory concepts in order to explain the maximum amount of common variance in the correlation matrix. Leveling the areas using factor analysis technique in this study, in order to investigate the depth of Tor in areas of Tabriz city in terms of Benediction, factor analysis method was used. Using a binary factor analysis approach, a set of variables that appear to be unrelated establishes a particular relationship under a hypothetical model. The difference with this multiple regression method is that first the variables used in factor analysis technique are not directly incorporated into the communication model structure and secondly the number of factors is far less than the number of main variables. The basic thrust of this technique is that a relation or model exists between the variables used, and this technique aims to identify and discover these complex relationships among variables. Using factor analysis can solve many of the problems in solving multi-criteria decision problems. Conclusion:         In this study, 32 indices for physical, demographic, transportation, educational, and economic components were compiled. These components were loaded in seventh factor as a significant factor. The 3 variables are demographic, 5 economic, 5 educational, and 5 health variables. Given that various indices have been loaded into this factor, we would like to name the indices that have a higher loading number, which is the economic, educational and health indices. The results also show that the ranking of Tabriz city areas are: Region 1, Region 2, Region 2, Region 2, Region 2, Region 2, Region 2, Region 2, Region 2, and Region 2. In this ranking, the top six ranked in the area of ​​social justice and the region, not in terms of social justice, are in poor condition.

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