Evaluation of resistance in different grape cultivars against Uncinula necator in Meshkinshahr region, Iran

Subject Areas : Agroecology Journal

Hossein Karbalaei Khiavi ¹ , haji shikhlinski ² , asadallh babaei ahari ³ , asghar heydari ⁴ , hossein fathi ⁵

1 - research assistant professor of agriculture and natural resources research center of ardabil province.
2 - professor of azerbaijan national academy of sciences, genetic resources institute, baku, azerbaijan.
3 - department of plant protection, college of ageiculture, university of tabriz
4 - plant pests and diseases research institue, tehran.
5 - agriculture and natural resources research center of ardabil province.

Received: 2011-02-07 Accepted : 2011-05-03 Published : 2011-04-21

Keywords: Erysiphe necator, Oidium tuckeri, grape powdery mildew, resistant cultivars, Cultural Management,

Abstract :

   Powdery mildew is one of the most serious diseases of grapevine in all over the world including Iran. It can impose remarkable losses to grapvien orchards in favorable condition. In this experiment, 14 cultivars of grapes including Shahani, Kishmishi, Rasmi, Tokolgan, Garashilig, Seyrakpousteh, Khalili, Tabarzeh, Koupakbogan, Aldarag, Sahibi, Agshilig, Yagothi and Tabriz-kishmishi were evaluated under natural infection and artificial inoculation during 2007- 2008 in Meshkinshahr region. Disease severity on leaf and fruit cluster was evaluated by Wang and Voytovich scales in which 0: immune, 1: very resistant, 2: resistant, 3: tolerant, 4: susceptible and 5: very susaptable. Shahani, Yagothi and Tabriz-kishmishi cultivars were Immune, Sahibi was highly resistant, Agshilig and Tokoulgan were resistant, Kishmishi, Khalili and Tabarzeh were tolerant, Aldarag and Koupakbogan were susceptible and Garashilig, Seyrakpousteh and Rasmi were highly susceptible to powdery mildew. In general, in highly infected areas, using Shahani, Yaghuti, Tabriz-kishmishi would be more recommendable for new grapevine orchard establishment.

References:

Adam-Blondon AF, Roux C, Claux D, Butterlin G, Merdinoğlu D, This P (2004)  Mapping 245 SSR makers on the Vitis vinifera genome: A tool for grape genetics. Theory  of  Application Genetics. 109: 1017-1022.

Ahoonmanesh A  (1999) Principles of plant diseases control. Isfahan University of Technology Publication.   324 pp.

Behdad E (1988)  Pests and diseases of forest trees shrubs and ornamental plants of Iran. Esfahan, Sepehr Publication. 806 pp.

Carisse O, Bacon R, Lasnier J, Mcfadden-Smith W (2006) Identification guide to the major diseases of grape. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Publication. pp. 52-74.

Dean AG, Gray GG  (2008) Powdery mildew diseases. Oregon State University Extension, Plant Disease Control, pp. 121-126 .

Doster MA,  Schnathorst WC (1985)  Comparative susceptibility of various grapevine cultivars to the powdery mildew fungus, Uncinula necator. American Journal Enology Viticulture. 36: 101-104.

Eibach R ) 1994)  Investigation about the genetic resources of grapes with regard to resistance characteristics to powdery mildew (Oidium tuckeri). Vitis. 33: 143-150.

Fang  Z  (1979)  Methods in plant pathology. Agricultural Press, Beijing P.R. China. pp. 225-230.

Gaunt R E (1995) The relationship between plant disease severity and yield. Annual Review of Phytopathology 33: 119-144.

He P (1993) Genetic studies of resistance to powdery mildew in the F1 generation of interspecific hybridization of Vitis. International Sympsium On Horticultural Crop Improvement and Utilization, China. pp.  450 -451.

Jarvis WR, Gubler WD, Grove GG (2002) Epidemiology of powdery mildew in agricultural pathosystems.      In: Belanger RR, Bushnell WR, Dik AJ and Carver TL (Eds), The powdery mildew: A Comprehensive Treatise, St. Paul, MN, USA: APS Press. pp. 169-199.

Lenne JM, Wood D (1991) Plant disease and the use of wild germplasm. Annual  Review of Phytopathology     29: 35-63.

Nelson MM, Gubler WD, Shaw DV (1995) Inheritance of powdery mildew resistance in greenhouse-grow versus field-grow in California strawberry progenies. Phytopathology 85: 421-424 . 

 Staudt G (1997) Evaluation of grapevine powdery mildew (Uncinula necator, anamorph Oidium tuckeri)          in accessions of Vitis species. Bachelhurst,  Merzhausen Germany, Vitis. 36(3): 151-154.

Voytovich KA (1987) Resistant new edible grapes cultivars to plant pests and diseases. Chisinau, Moldova, Kartya Moldovenyaske 225 pp.

Wang Y (1993) Genetic studies on resistance to powdery mildew Uncinula necator of wild Chinese Vitis species. Ph.D. Thesis, Northwestern Agriculture University Yangling, China. 159 pp.

Wang Y, Liu Y, He P, Chen J, Lamikanra O, Lu J (1995)  Evaluation of foliar resistance to Uncinula necator in Chinese wild Vitis species. Vitis 34(3): 159-164. 

Wayne F and Wilcox WF (2003) Grapevine powdery mildew Uncinula necator. Cornell University, Davis, Geneva. 103 pp.

Zhang F, Lou F, Gu D (1989) Study on germplasm resources of wild Chinese species of Vitis. Proceeding of            5^th International Symposium on Grape Breeding, September 12-16,  Berlin, Germany. pp 50 – 57.