Evaluation of yield and yield components of bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.)

Subject Areas : Agroecology Journal

Maryam Amri ¹ (M.Sc. Student of Plant Breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.)
Hamdollah Kazemi Arbat ² (Professor of Plant Breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.)
Mozaffar Rustaii ³ (Assistant Prof., Iranian Research Institute of Dryland Agriculture, Maragheh, Iran.)

Received: 2011-04-25 Accepted : 2011-11-17 Published : 2011-09-23

Keywords: Correlation, Path analysis, yield, Wheat, Yield components,

Abstract :

In order to evaluation of the relationships between some physiological and morphological traits with yield and its components in winter wheat, an experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Center of the Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2008. Traits like plant height, peduncle length, number of the grains per spikes, grain weight, harvest index, grain yield, biological yield, straw weight were measured. Analysis of variance revealed that all characters were significantly different for all genotypes. This indicated significant genetic variations among the genotypes based on the measured traits. According to the results, there was a positive significant correlation between plant height with straw grain yield. Line No.2 (Shi#4414/Crow”s”//Kvz) produced the highest grain yield. Results of path analysis also revealed that straw weight had the highest  positive effect (0.95) on the grain yield. Thus, it could be concluded that traits evaluated in this study could be used in breeding programs to select the promising and high yielding wheat genotypes.

References:

Ahmadzadeh AR (1995) Evaluation of wheat lines derived from landrace populations of Azarbaijan-e- Sharqi Province for drought resistance. M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil.
[In Persian with English Abstract].

Austin RB (1980) Physiological limitation to cereal yields and ways of reducing them by breeding. In: Sherman VJ, Sylvester-Bradly R, Scott RK and Foulkes MJ (Eds). Opportunities for increasing crop yield. Pitman Pub. London

Attarbashi M, Ghaleshi S, Zynalzadeh A (2002) Relationship of phonological and physiological traits with grain yield of wheat under rain- fed conditions. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 33: 21- 28. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Bakhshandeh AA, Rahnema AA (2005) Effects of seeding rates and planting dates on tiller number, yield and yield components of six wheat cultivars. Agricultural Sciences and Technology Journal 3: 154- 187. [In Persian with English Abstract].

DidarR (1995) Study of genetic diversity in wheat landrace populations of Azarbaijan-e- Sharqi Province. M.Sc. thesis. Faculty of  Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Ehdaie B (1998) Selection for drought resistance in wheat. First Iranian Congress on Crop Production and Breeding. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].

FAO (2010) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Quarterly Bulletin of Statistics. Rome, Italy. Available on-line as<http// www.FAO.org/docrep/013/i2050e.pdf/

Feil B (1992) Breeding progress in small grain cereals: A comparison of old and modern cultivars. Plant Breeding 108: 1- 11.

GhobadiM, Kashani A, Mamghani SA, Egbal- Ghobadi M (2007) Studying tillering trend and its relationship with grain yield in wheat under different plant densities. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3: 23- 36. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Gholparvar A, Ghannadha M, Ahmadi A (2002) Evaluating some morphological traits as selection criteria in breeding bread wheat. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3: 202- 205. [In Persian with English Abstract].

GhorbaniMandolakani H, Khodarahmi M, Darvish F, Taeb M (2010) Study the relationship of important agronomic traits with grain yield in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines. Journal of Agricultural Crop 82 (1): 101-106.  [In Persian with English Abstract].

Jalal- KamaliMR, Sharifi HR (2010) Variation in developmental stages and its relationships with yield and yield components of bread wheat cultivars under field conditions. Journal of Seedlings and Seeds of Racial 89 (1): 457- 461. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Kazemi  ArbatH (2005) Morphology and anatomy of cereal crops (Firsted.). Tabriz University Press, Iran, 189 pp. [In Persian with the English Abstract].

Khalil AlamiS, Gharineh M (1994) Study of traits related to seed yield of wheat. Third Iranian Congress on Crop Production and Breeding Sciences. Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].

KoochekiA, Banayan Aval A, Rezvani P, Mahdavi Damghani A, Jamiolahmadi M, Vesal SR (2005) The plant ecophysiology. University of Ferdoosi Mashhad Publication, 271 pp. [In Persian with the English Abstract].

Maccaig TN, Clark JM (1993) Season changes in non structural carbohydrate levels of wheat and oats grown in semiarid environment. Crop Sciences 22: 963-970.

Moghaddam M, Bassirat M, Rahimzadeh khoyee F, Shakiba MR (1993) Path coefficient analysis of grain yield, its components and some morphological traits in winter wheat. Agricultural Science 2:48-73. [In Persian with the English Abstract].

MohammadiS, Yezdancepas A, Rezaie M, Mirmahmmodi T (2010) Study of response of different Iranian bread wheat genotypes to different sowing dates under full-irrigation and terminal drought stress conditions. Research On Crops 11(1): 13-19. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Rahnema A, Bakhshandeh A, Noormohammadi M (2000) Study of tiller variation, seed yield and yield components of wheat as affected by different plant densities under south Khoozestan climatic condition. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2: 12-24. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Roostaie M (2000) Effects of agronomic traits on yield increase in wheat under rain- fed condition in cold regions. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 3: 285-299. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Roostaie M, Ismaielzadeh H, Arshadi Y (2003) Studying the effects of traits on yield of wheat under rain- fed condition using factor analysis. Agricultural Science 1: 1-10. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Safi- KhaniS (2007) Ten-year trend of increasing wheat production in the country. Monthly  Livestock Farming Industry,  94 pp. [In Persian with English Abstract]. 

Sarmad- Nia GH (1993) Importane of environmental stresses in agronomy. First Irania Congress on Crop Production and Breeding. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Schmidt JW (1987) Genetic contribution to yield grain in wheat. Crop Sciences 36: 89-101.

   Sharma ML, Singh HN (1994) Gnetic variability, correlation and path–coefficient analysis in hybrid populations of sugarcane. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences  54 (2): 102-109.

Slafer GA, Savin R (1994) Post-anthesis green area duration in a semidwarf and standard  height wheat cultivars as affected by sink strength. Austalian Journal of Agricultural Research 45:1337-1346. 

Tajbakhsh M, Poormirza AA (2004) Cereals agronomy. Jahad-e-Keshvarzi  of Urumiye Publication, 230 pp. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Taleei A, Bahram- Nejad B (2003) A Study of relationship between yield and its components in landrace populations of wheat from western parts of Iran using multivariate analysis. Journal of Agricultural Sciences  34 (4): 959-966. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Yazdansepass, A (1998) Study of harvest index stability and grain yield in winter and spring wheat genotypes. 5th Iranian Congress on Crop production and Breeding Sciences. Karaj, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].