The effect of Ethyl Acetate and N-butanol Fractions of Extract of Arimonia eupatoria on the Repair of Spinal Cord and the Expression of Caspase 3 and 9 genes after Sciatic Nerve Compression in Rats

Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology

Ghazale Nabavinia ¹ (Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran)
Maryam Tehranipour ² (Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran)
javad Baharara ³ (Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran)

Received: 2024-03-15 Accepted : 2024-04-29 Published : 2024-08-06

Keywords: Agrimonia eupatoria, Sciatic nerve repair, Caspase 3 and 9,

Abstract :

Caspase 3 gene plays a role in the progression of degeneration and caspase 9 in apoptotic, necrotic, and lysosomal deaths, and after the nerve damage, This study aimed to determine the neuroprotective effects of hydro alcoholic extract and fractions of Agrimonia eupatoria plant on neuron density and the change in the expression of caspase 3 and 9 genes 36 male Wister rats weighing were divided to 6 groups including control, compression, treatment A (compression + hydro alcoholic extract in dose of 75 mg/kg), treatment B (compression + ethyl acetate fraction in dose of 75 mg/kg dose), Treatment C (compression +N butanol fraction in dose of 75 mg/kg) and treatment D (compression + aqueous phase with dose of 75 mg/kg). In the control group, after anesthetizing of the rats, the muscle at the sciatic nerve site was split without nerve damage and in compression group and treatment groups; sciatic nerve of the right leg was subjected to compression for thirty seconds. The first intraperitoneal injection of the extract was performed immediately after compression of the nerve and the second injection was performed 7 days later. After twenty-eight days, the rats were subjected to the perfusion method and samples were taken from the lumbar spinal cord. Slides were stained with toluidine blue, the neuron density was measured using a dissector method and the stereology method and the results were compared by t-test and Anova analysis. Spinal cord samples were taken, Total RNA extracted, and cDNA was synthesized, and then, and the expression changes of caspase 3 and 9 genes in the samples were investigated. The results showed that neuronal density increased significantly in all treatment groups compared to the compression group (p < 0.001) and it is more in the n-butanol group than the other groups. The gene expression of Caspase 3 and 9 decreased in all treatment groups compared with compression group (p < 0.01). The extract of this plant can be effective in repairing the nervous system due to the presence of compounds such as tocopherol, which has anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.

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