تأثیر ابعاد تغییر اقلیم برتشخیص فرصتهای کارآفرینی در بخش کشاورزی
Subject Areas : Farm Management
مژگان خوش مرام
1
,
نعمت اله شیری
2
,
مسلم سواری
3
1 - مدرس گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران
Keywords: خشکسالی, گردوغبار, فرصتهای کارآفرینی, اقدامات کارآفرینانه,
Abstract :
تغییر اقلیم یکی از مهمترین چالشهای قرن جاری به شمار میرود که بخش کشاورزی را بیش از سایر بخشها تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد، اما کشاورزِ کارآفرین تغییرات و چالشهای محیطی را همچون یک فرصت میبیند. در این راستا، پژوهش حاضر با هدف واکاوی اثرات ابعاد تغییر اقلیم بر تشخیص فرصتهای کارآفرینی در بخش کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه انجام شد. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش شامل کلیۀ کارآفرینان بخش کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه بود که به روش تصادفی ساده تعداد 102 نفر از آن برای انجام پژوهش انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی گردآوری دادهها، پرسشنامۀ محقق ساختهای بود که روایی و پایایی آن با استفاده از پانل متخصصان و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و کودر- ریچاردسون به تأیید رسید. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که کارآفرینان مورد مطالعه، فرصتهای کارآفرینی موجود در بخش کشاورزی را به درستی و موفقیتآمیز شناسایی نمودهاند؛ چرا که در سطح بالایی امکانپذیری، تناسب و مطلوبیت آن را مورد بررسی قرار داده بودند. افزون بر این، یافتههای پژوهش بیانگر آن بود که بیش از نیمی از پاسخگویان، تغییرات اقلیم را در سطح بالایی درک کرده و در راهاندازی کسب و کارهای خود لحاظ نموده بودند. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل رگرسیون حاکی از آن بود که ابعاد تغییرات اقلیم (خشکسالی، گردوغبار، افزایش دما) قادر به تبیین 41 درصد از تغییرات واریانس تشخیص فرصتهای کارآفرینی در بخش کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه بودند. یافتههای این پژوهش میتواند به سیاستگذاران، برنامهریزان و مدیران در جهت ارتقای قابلیت تشخیص فرصت در میان کشاورزان به منظور تبدیل تهدیدهای محیطی به فرصتهای کارآفرینی کمک کند.
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