تأثیر ابعاد تغییر اقلیم برتشخیص فرصتهای کارآفرینی در بخش کشاورزی
Subject Areas : Farm Management
مژگان
خوش مرام
1
(مدرس گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران)
نعمت اله
شیری
2
(استادیار گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران)
مسلم
سواری
3
(استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران)
Keywords: خشکسالی, گردوغبار, فرصتهای کارآفرینی, اقدامات کارآفرینانه,
Abstract :
تغییر اقلیم یکی از مهم­ترین چالش­های قرن جاری به شمار می­رود که بخش کشاورزی را بیش از سایر بخش­ها تحت تأثیر قرار می­دهد، اما کشاورزِ کارآفرین تغییرات و چالش­های محیطی را همچون یک فرصت می­بیند. در این راستا، پژوهش حاضر با هدف واکاوی اثرات ابعاد تغییر اقلیم بر تشخیص فرصت­های کارآفرینی در بخش کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه انجام شد. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش شامل کلیۀ کارآفرینان بخش کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه بود که به روش تصادفی ساده تعداد 102 نفر از آن برای انجام پژوهش انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی گردآوری داده­ها، پرسشنامۀ محقق ساخته­ای بود که روایی و پایایی آن با استفاده از پانل متخصصان و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و کودر- ریچاردسون به تأیید رسید. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که کارآفرینان مورد مطالعه، فرصت­های کارآفرینی موجود در بخش کشاورزی را به درستی و موفقیت­آمیز شناسایی نموده­اند؛ چرا که در سطح بالایی امکان­پذیری، تناسب و مطلوبیت آن را مورد بررسی قرار داده­ بودند. افزون بر این، یافته­های پژوهش بیانگر آن بود که بیش از نیمی از پاسخگویان، تغییرات اقلیم را در سطح بالایی درک کرده و در راه­اندازی کسب و کارهای خود لحاظ نموده بودند. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل رگرسیون حاکی از آن بود که ابعاد تغییرات اقلیم (خشکسالی، گردوغبار، افزایش دما) قادر به تبیین 41 درصد از تغییرات واریانس تشخیص فرصت­های کارآفرینی در بخش کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه بودند. یافته­های این پژوهش می­تواند به سیاستگذاران، برنامه­ریزان و مدیران در جهت ارتقای قابلیت تشخیص فرصت در میان کشاورزان به منظور تبدیل تهدیدهای محیطی به فرصت­های کارآفرینی کمک کند.
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