اثر تیمول و کارواکرول بر عملکرد تولید، فعالیت آنزیم‪های آنتی‪اکسیدانی و متابولیت‪های خونی جوجه‌های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمایی

Subject Areas : Camel

ح. سعادت شاد ¹ , م. مظهری ² , ا.ع. اسماعیلی‪پور ³ , ح. خسروی‪نیا ⁴

1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran

Received: 2015-04-26 Accepted : 2015-06-15 Published : 2016-03-01

Keywords: تنش, هتروفیل, گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز, لنفوسیت, روغن ضروری,

Abstract :

مطالعه حاضر به منظور بررسی اثر تیمول و کارواکرول بر عملکرد تولید، فعالیت آنزیم‪های آنتی‪اکسیدانی و متابولیت‪های خونی جوجه‪های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمایی طراحی شد. جوجه‪ها تا 25 روزگی با جیره استاندارد تجاری تغذیه شده و سپس به یک آزمایش فاکتوریل (2×3) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه سطح کارواکرول (0، 300 و500 میلی‌گرم در هرکیلوگرم خوراک) و دو سطح تیمول (0 و250 میلی‌گرم درهرکیلوگرم خوراک) در چهار تکرار نه پرنده‪ای اختصاص یافتند. جهت ایجاد تنش گرمایی، جوجه‌ها از 26 روزگی تحت دمای 35 درجه سانتی­گراد به مدت 8 ساعت در روز قرار گرفتند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که مصرف کارواکرول اثر معنی‪داری بر پارامترهای عملکردی نداشت، اما مصرف 250 میلی­گرم تیمول منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار وزن روزانه و کاهش معنی‌دار ضریب تبدیل غذایی به میزان 4 و 6 درصد شد (05/0>P). ­گلبول­های سفید، قرمز، هموگلوبین، هماتوکریت و لنفوسیت تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفتند، اما هتروفیل و نسبت هتروفیل به لنفوسیت با مصرف تیمول و کارواکرول به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت (05/0>P). مصرف تیمول و کارواکرول، کلسترول سرم خون را کاهش داد (05/0>P)، اما اثری بر تری‌گلیسرید و لیپوپروتئین‌های با چگالی کم و زیاد و گلوکز خون نداشت. هر دو مکمل تیمول و کارواکرول به طور معنی‌داری فعالیت آنزیم گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز را در مقایسه با گروه شاهد افزایش دادند (05/0>P). درصد لاشه و سینه با مکمل تیمول افزایش یافت (05/0>P)، اما اثری بر وزن نسبی اندام‪های داخلی مشاهده نشد. بنابراین مصرف 250 میلی­گرم تیمول می‌تواند از طریق بهبود عملکرد و پتانسیل آنتی‪اکسیدانی خون در جهت رفع اثرات منفی تحت تنش گرمایی مؤثر باشد.

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