بررسی پاسخ ارقام مختلف سویا به سطوح مختلف شوری در مرحله جوانه زنی
محورهای موضوعی : تنش های محیطی
محمد مهدی علیزاده
1
,
مهیار گرامی
2
,
پرستو مجیدیان
3
,
حمیدرضا قربانی
4
1 - بخش علوم باغبانی- گیاهان دارویی، موسسه آموزش عالی سنا ساری، ایران
2 - بخش زیست شناسی، موسسه آموزش عالی سنا ساری، ایران
3 - بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،
4 - بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،
کلید واژه: ارقام متحمل, تجزیه خوشه‌ای, تنش شوری, سویا, همبستگی.,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بررسی اثر شوری بر جوانه‌زنی ارقام سویا، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه بذر مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران در سال 1400 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل 11 رقم سویا (ویلیامز، صبا، تپور، ساری، امیر، کاسپین، کوثر، کتول، سحر، تلار، نکادر) و چهار سطح شوری (صفر، 20، 40 و 60 میلی‌مولار کلرید سدیم) بود. تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر تیمارها و اثر متقابل آن‌ها بر تمام صفات در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار و با افزایش شوری، میزان صفات کاهش معنی‌داری یافت. مقایسه میانگین اثر رقم بر درصد جوانه‌زنی نشان داد که در بین ارقام، درصد جوانه‌زنی یکنواخت بوده و بیشترین میزان در رقم کتول (3/83 درصد) مشاهده شد. مقایسه میانگین اثرات متقابل شوری و رقم نشان داد که بیشترین مقادیر صفات در ترکیب تیماری ارقام و غلظت صفر میلی‌مولار مشاهده و با افزایش شوری، از میزان صفات کاسته و کمترین مقدار آن‌ها در ترکیبات تیماری ارقام و سطح 60 میلی‌مولار بود. تجزیه خوشه‌ای، ژنوتیپ‌ها را در سه گروه قرار داد. آنالیز همبستگی نشان داد که تمامی ضرایب همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار بوده و صفت سرعت جوانه‌زنی بیشترین همبستگی را با صفات درصد جوانه‌زنی (88/0) و وزن خشک کل (78/0) داشت. درصد جوانه‌زنی به‌عنوان اولین صفت در مدل رگرسیونی صفت سرعت جوانه‌زنی وارد و سهم قابل توجهی (77/0) از تغییرات آن را توجیه نمود. در بین ارقام مختلف، ارقام امیر و صبا به عنوان ارقام متحمل و ارقام سحر و ویلیامز به عنوان ارقام حساس شناخته شدند.
In order to investigate the effect of salinity on soybean germination, the project was performed as factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications in laboratory of Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center in 2020. The treatments were 11 soybean cultivars (Williams, Saba, Tapor, Sari, Amir, Caspian, Kosar, Katul, Sahar, Telar and Nekador) and four salinity levels (0, 20, 40, 60 mM of NaCl). Analysis of variance showed that the effect of salinity, genotypes and interaction of theme in all traits were significant at 1% probability level. With increasing salinity, all traits value in all genotypes decreased. Mean comparison of variety treatment showed that the highest germination percentage was observed in Katul cultivar (83.33%). The Mean comparison of interaction effect showed that the highest values of the traits were observed in the combination of cultivars and 0 mM concentration, and with increasing salinity level, the amount of traits decreased and their lowest value was in the combination of cultivars and 60 mM. Cluster analysis put the studied genotypes into three groups. Correlation analysis showed that all correlation coefficients were positive and significant, and the germination rate had the highest correlation with the germination percentage (0.88) and total dry weight (0.78). The germination percentage was the first trait that entered to the regression model of germination rate and was able to justify 0.77 of variances. Among different cultivars, Amir and Saba cultivars were recognized as tolerant cultivars and Sahar and Williams cultivars as sensitive cultivars.
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