بررسی اثر پرایمینگ بر ویژگی های جوانه زنی و رشدی ارقام چغندر قند (Beta Vulgaris L) در شرایط شوری
محورهای موضوعی : تنش های محیطی
سید غلامرضا صالحی
1
,
حشمت امیدی
2
,
مهدی حسنی
3
,
محمد حسین بیجه کشاورزی
4
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران.
3 - استادیار، دکتری، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصالح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: هیدروپرایمینگ , نیترات پتاسیم , ارقام چغندرفند , سرعت جوانه زنی,
چکیده مقاله :
این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر تیمارهای پرایمینگ (شاهد بدون پرایمینگ، هیدروپرایمینگ، پرایمینگ با نیترات پتاسیم 25/0 درصد و پرایمینگ با نیترات پتاسیم 5/0 درصد) بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی ارقام چغندرقند و خصوصیات رشدی در شرایط شوری در پنج سطح (0، 4 ،8 ،12و 16 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) بر جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه در چهار تکرار در پتری دیش در شرایط آزمایشگاهی به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تاثیر پرایمینگ بذر و تنش شوری بر میانگین مدت جوانه زنی، ضریب سرعت جوانه زنی، واریانس جوانه زنی، یکنواختی سبز شدن، طول ریشه چه، طول ساقه، وزن خشک ساقه و ریشه، محتوای آب نسبی، کلروفیل a کلروفیل b و کارتنوئید معنی‌دار بود. نتایج نشان داد که در هر سه ژنوتیپ تعداد بذور جوانه زده با افزایش سطح شوری، کاهش نشان داده و در سطوح شاهد و استفاده از آب در عامل پرایمینگ، این کاهش به نسبت تعدیل شده است. با افزایش غلظت نمک تا سطح 12 دسی زیمنس، محتوای آب نسبی به طور سیگموئیدی افزایش یافته و در دو سطح 12 و 16 دسی زیمنس، روند نسبتا ثابتی نشان داد. در اکثر صفات مورد بررسی، رقم شکوفا نسبت به دیگر ژنوتیپ‌ها، واکنش کمتری نشان داده است.در بررسی روند واکنش ژنوتیپ‌ها به سرعت، واریانس و همگنی جوانه زنی در سطوح پرایم و شوری با افزایش غلظت شوری، کاهش نشان داده است .
This study aims to investigate the effect of priming treatments (control without priming, hydropriming, priming with 0.25% potassium nitrate and priming with 0.5% potassium nitrate) on the germination characteristics of sugar beet cultivars and growth characteristics under five levels of salinity (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 dS/m) on germination and seedling growth in four replicates in a petri dish in laboratory conditions as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design. The results showed that the effect of seed priming and salinity stress on the average germination time, germination speed coefficient, germination variance, germination uniformity, root length, stem length, stem and root dry weight, water content relatively, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids were significant. The results showed that in all three genotypes, the number of germinated seeds decreased with the increase in salinity level, and in the control levels and the use of water as a priming factor, this decrease was moderated. With the increase of salt concentration up to 12 ds level, the relative water content increased sigmoidally and showed a relatively stable trend at two levels of 12 and 16 ds. In most of the investigated traits, Shokofa variety has shown less reaction than other genotypes. In the investigation of the reaction process of genotypes to the speed, variance and homogeneity of germination in prime and salinity levels, it has shown a decrease with increasing salinity concentration.
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