ارزیابی آزمایشگاهی مولفه‌های جوانه‌زنی لاین‌های مختلف کینوا (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd) تحت تنش شوری
محورهای موضوعی : تکنولوژی بذر
منیره ابویی
1
,
ناصر برومند
2
,
معصومه صالحی
3
1 - گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران
2 - گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران
3 - مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی- یزد- ایران
کلید واژه: آب‌های بسیار شور, بنیه بذر, لاین, Chenoppdium quinoa,
چکیده مقاله :
کاشت گیاهان مقاوم به شوري مانند کینوا از جمله راهکارهای مناسب در جهت افزایش بهره‌وري از آب‌هاي شور می‌باشد. در همین راستا، به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر تنش شوری بر لاین‌های مختلف کینوا ، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در چهار تکرار ، در سال 1398 اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل تنش شوری در پنج سطح (1، 10 30،20، 40 و 50 دسی زیمنس بر متر) و 4 لاین (NSRCQC, NSRCQB, NSRCQE, NSRCQG) و 3 رقم (تیتیکاکا، صدوق و رحمت) کینوا بودند. مؤلفه‌های جوانه‌زنی شامل درصد جوانه‌زنی نهایی، سرعت، زمان و یکنواختی جوانه‌زنی و مؤلفه‌های رشد گیاهچه شامل طول گیاهچه و شاخص طول بنیه گیاهچه و شاخص عرضی بنیه گیاهچه مورد بررسی قرارگرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش سطح شوری سبب کاهش معنی‌داری در صفات جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی و طول گیاهچه شد. علاوه بر این، افزایش شوری باعث افزایش زمان جوانه‌زنی و افزایش شاخص طول بنیه گیاهچه شد. در کل لاینها از تحمل مناسبی تا سطح 30 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر برخوردار بودند. ولی با افزایش سطح شوری 40 و 50 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر از میزان تحمل آن‌ها کاسته شد. به طور کلی در تمام سطوح شوری رقم صدوق درصد جوانه‌زنی بالاتر و رقم رحمت بیشترین رشد گیاهچه را نسبت به سایر لاینها داشت.
Planting halophyte plants such as quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is one of the best ways to increase the productivity of salty water. In this regard, in order to evaluate the effect of salinity stress on different lines of quinoa, a factorial experiment was carried out in the form of a completely randomized design in four replications in 2018.Experimental treatments include salt stress at five levels (control, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 dS/m) and four lines (NSRCQC, NSRCQE, NSRCQB, NSRCQG) and three cultivars (Titicaca , Sadogh, Rahmat) of quinoa. Germination components including final germination percentage, speed, time and uniformity of germination and seedling growth components including seedling length, seedling vigor length index and seedling vigor wieght index were investigated.The results showed that the increase in salinity level had a significant decrease in germination traits, germination speed and seedling length. in addition, the increase salt caused an increase in germination time and an increase in seedlinvigor length index.In general, the lines had good tolerance up to the level of 30 dS/m. But with the increase of salinity level of 40 and 50 decisiemens their tolerance decreased. Among the lines, the NSRCQD line had good tolerance and stability. So that up to the level of 40 and 50 dS/m, it had the highest amount in some traits.
Acosta-Motos J. R., M. F. Ortuño, A. Bernal-Vicente, P. Diaz-Vivancos, M. J. Sanchez-Blanco and J.A. Hernandez. 2017. Plant sesponses to salt stress: Adaptive Mechanisms. Agronomy. 7(1): 18-57.
Adolf, V.I., Jacobson, S.E. and Shabala, S. 2012. Salt tolerance mechanism in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Environ. Exp. Bot. 92: 43-54.
Anonymous. 2003. Hand Book for Seedling Evaluation (3rd. ed.). International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), Zurich, Switzerland.
Ansari Ardali, S., Nabipour, M., Roshanfekar, H ,. Bagheri, M. 2021. Evaluation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Wild.) cultivars in saline conditions using germination indices in controlled environment. Environmental stresses in agricultural sciences. 14(9): 475-485. [In Persian with English abstract].
Ashrafi, E., Razmjoo, J., Zahedi, M. 2015. The effect of salt stress on biochemical traits and relation with salt tolerant of alfalfa cultivars in field. Applied field crop research. 28(4): 43-56. [In Persian with English abstract].
Baskin, C.C. and Baskin, J.M. 2001. Seeds: ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination. Academic Press, San Diego, California, 666p.
Bazile, D., Bertero, H. D., and Nieto, C. 2015. State of the art report on quinoa around the world in 2013.
Buedo, S. E., González, J. A. 2020. Effect of salinity stress on quinoa germination. Influence of ionic and osmotic components. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 32(8): 577-582.
Choukr-Allah, R., Rao, N. K., Hirich, A. M., Shahid, A., Alshankiti, K., 2016. Quinoa for Marginal Environments: Toward Future Food and Nutritional Security in MENA and Central Asia. Frontiers in Plant Science. 7(346): 1-11.
Contreras-Jiméneza, B., Torres-Vargas, O.L., Rodríguez-García, M.E. 2019. Physicochemical characterization of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) flour and isolated starch. Food Chemistry, 298: 1-7.
Coolbear, P. 1984. The effect of low temperature pre-sowing treatment on the germination performance and membrane integrity of artificially aged tomato seeds. J. Exp. Bot. 35:1609- 1617.
Fathi, A., Kardoni, F. 2020. The importance of quinova cultivation in developing countries. Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova. . 3(183): 337-356.
Geshnizjani, N., Ghaderi-Far, F., Willems, L.A., Hilhorst, H.W. and Ligterink, W. 2018. Characterization of and genetic variation for tomato seed thermo-inhibition and thermodormancy. BMC Plant Biology. 18, 229.
Ibrahim, E.A. 2016. Seed priming to alleviate salinity stress in germinating seeds. Journal of Plant Physiology. 192: 38-46.
Malik, J.A., AlQarawi, A.A., AlZain, M.N., Dar, B.A., Habib, M.M., Ibrahim, S.N.S. 2022. Effect of Salinity and Temperature on the Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Desert Forage Grass Lasiurus scindicus Henr. 14(8387): 1- 17.
Mousavi, S. E., Omidi, h. 2020. Investigation of germination and growth indicators of quinoa under salt stress. 10(34): 25-32. [In Persian].
Jahanbakhish, S., parmoon, GH., and Joudi, . 2019. Effect drought and salt stress on germination, establishment and antiocidant enzyme activity different ecotypes chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L). plant process and function, 8:3. 1-19. [In Persian with English abstract ].
Jamali, S., Sharifan, H., Hezarjaribi, A., Sepahvand, N. A. 2016. The effect of different levels of salinity on germination and growth indices of two cultivars of Quinoa. Journal of Water and Soil Resources Conservation. 6(1): 87-97. [In Persian with English abstract ].
James, R. A., Blake, C., Byrt, C. S., Munns, R. 2011. Major genes for Na+ exclusion, Nax1 and Nax2 (wheat HKT1; 4 and HKT1; 5), decrease Na+ accumulation in bread wheat leaves under saline and waterlogged conditions. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62: 2939-2947.
Karami, R., Ebrahimi, F., Balochi, H.R., and Babaizarch, M. J. 2020. Improvement of germination and seedling characteristics of two quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)cultivars Under the influence of salicylic acid and salt stress. Journal of Seed Research. 10(1):53-66. [In Persian].
Khalili, S. 2017. Effect of salinity, phosphorus and zinc stress on quinoa plant growth. MSc dissertation. Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shahid University, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian ].
Pasandideh, H., Sharifi, R.S., Hamidi, A., Mobasser, S., Sedghi, M., 2014. Relationship of seed germination and vigour indices of commercial soybean (Glycin max (L.) Merr.) cultivars with seedling emergence in field. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research 1, 29-50. [In Persian with English abstract].
Prager, A., Munz, S., Nkebiwe, P., Mast, B. and Graeff-Honninger, S., 2018. Yield and quality characteristics of different quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivars grown under field conditions in Southwestern Germany. Agronomy 8: 197-216.
Salek Mearaji, H., Tavakoli, A., Ghanimati, S., Kasirlou, P. 2019. The effect of salinity stress on traits related to germination of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Agroecology Journal, 15:3. 59-69. [In Persian with English abstract ].
Seilsepour,M. 2021. Effects of Different Water Salinity Levels on Germination Characteristics of Two Quinoa Cultivars (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Journal of Water Research in Agriculture (Soil and Water Sci.). 35(3): 287-301. [In Persian with English abstract ].
Shakarami, B., Dianati-Tilaki, Gh., Tabari M., Behtari, B., 2011. The effect of priming treatments on salinity tolerance of Festuca arundinacea Schreb and Festuca ovina L. during seeds germination and early growth stages. Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research. 18, 318-328. [In Persian with English abstract].
Soltani, A., Galeshi, S., Zainali, E. and Latifi, N. 2002. Germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of chickpea as affected by salinity and seed size. Seed Sci. Technol. 30(1):51-60. [In Persian].
Tania, S.S.; Rhaman, M.S.; Rauf, F.; Rahaman, M.M.; Kabir, M.H.; Hoque, M.A.; Murata, Y. Alleviation of Salt-Inhibited Germination and Seedling Growth of Kidney Bean by Seed Priming and Exogenous Application of Salicylic Acid (SA) and Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2). Seeds 2022, 1, 87–98.
Xu, C., Mou, B. 2016. Responses of Spinach to Salinity and Nutrient Deficiency in Growth, Physiology, and Nutritional Value. Journal of American Society Horticulture Science, 141(1), 12–21.