فعالیت ضد باکتریایی اسانس گیاه زنیان بر باکتری‌های Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum و Escherichia coli در محیط کشت آگار مغذی

محورهای موضوعی : دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی

سیما خسروی پور ¹ (دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران)
رویا رضائیان دلوئی ² (استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/05/06 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/05/06 تاریخ انتشار : 1394/09/01

کلید واژه: حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگی, حداقل غلظت کشندگی, زنیان, Escherichia coli, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. Carotovorum,

چکیده مقاله :

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺛﺮات ﺳﻮء سموم کشاورزی بر اکوسیستم های زیستی، کنترل عوامل بیماریزای گیاهی با استفاده از ترکیبات ضد میکروبی طبیعی از جمله اسانس و عصاره های گیاهان دارویی امری ضروری به نظر می رسد. اسانس زنیان غنی از ترکیبات ضد باکتریایی به ویژه تیمول می باشد. این تحقیق با هدف تعیین میزان حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگیو کشندگی اسانس زنیان روی باکتری Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum به عنوان پاتوژن گیاهی و Escherichia coli به عنوان پاتوژن انسانی در محیط کشت مغذی انجام گرفت. در این مطالعه ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس زنیان با استفاده از دستگاه GC-MS شناسایی گردید. اسانس زنیان با غلظت های 004/0 تا ۴ درصد درمحیط کشت مغذی تهیه گردید. فعالیت ضد باکتری اسانس در مقایسه با دیسک آنتی بیوتیک جنتامایسین با استفاده از روش انتشار در آگار تعیین گردید. حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگی اسانس با استفاده از روش سری دوبرابر رقت لوله ای و حداقل غلظت کشندگی اسانس با استفاده از روش کشت در محیط آگار مغذی تعیین گردید. قطر هاله عدم رشد در خصوص باکتری پکتوباکتریوم کاروتوورم از 14/0± 7/5 تا 95/0 ± 4/27 میلی مترو در رابطه با باکتری اشریشیا کلی از 55/0± 4/6 تا 95/0± 1/33 میلی متر در غلظت های 004/0 تا ۴ درصد متغیر بود. حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگی و کشندگی اسانس زنیان بر علیه باکتری های پکتوباکتریوم کاروتوورمبه ترتیب معادل 5/0% و ۱% و در مورد باکتری اشریشیا کلی به ترتیب معادل 125/0% و 25/0% بود. با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه به نظر می رسد که اسانس زنیان می تواند جایگزین مناسبی در مقایسه با ترکیبات شیمیایی در کنترل باکتریهای بیمارگر گیاهی و انسانی باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Due to the adverse effects of agricultural pesticides on biological ecosystems, biological control of plant pathogens by using natural antimicrobial compounds such as essential oils and extracts of medicinal plants could be a necessity. Essential oil of carum copticum, is rich in antibacterial compounds particularly thymol. The aim of this study was to determine the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration of Carum copticum essential oil against Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum as a plant pathogen and E. coli as a human pathogen in nutrient broth medium. In this study chemical compounds of Carum copticum essential oil were identified by GC-MS. Carum copticum essential oil at concentrations including 0.004 to 4 % were prepared in nutrient broth medium. Antibacterial activity of essential oil in comparison with gentamicin antibiotic was determined by using 6 mm impregnated filter paper disks in agar diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Carum copticum essential oil against tested bacteria was determined by macrobroth dilution method. The MBC was determined by using cultivation method in nutrient agar medium. Zone of growth inhibition for Pectobacterium carotovorum varied from 5.7± 0.14 to 27.4 ± 0.95 mm while for E. coli it ranged from 6.4 ± 0.55 to 33.1 ± 0.95 mm in the order of increasing concentrations from 0.004 to 4%. The MIC and MBC of Carum copticum essential oil against Pectobacterium carotovorum and E. coli were recorded as 0.5% and 1% and 0.125% and 0.25%, respectively. Regarding the results of this research, plant essential oils can be a good alternative to chemical control of human and plant bacterial pathogens.

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