طبقهبندی آسایش سکونتی و گردشگری با استفاده از شاخصهای اقلیمی(منطقه مورد مطالعه استان ایلام)
محورهای موضوعی :
برنامه ریزی شهری
علی عارفی
1
,
محسن رنجبر
2
,
رضا برنا
3
1 - گروه آموزشی جغرافیا دانشکده علوم انسانی ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران ،ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه آب و هواشناسی (اقلیم شناسی)، دانشکده ادبیات وعلوم انسانی و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات
3 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1402/02/30
تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/06/14
تاریخ انتشار : 1402/06/01
کلید واژه:
استان ایلام,
آسایش سکونتی و گردشگری,
بارش و دما,
شاخصهای اقلیمی,
چکیده مقاله :
شناسایی مناطق مستعد آسایش سکونتی و گردشگری بر مبنای پارامترهای اقلیمی یکی از موضوعات پر کاربرد پژوهشگران اقلیم، جغرافیا و گردشگری است. به منظور شناسایی مناطق مستعد آسایش سکونتی و گردشگری باید مشخص شود که هر منطقه بر اساس تغییرات اقلیمی در چه طبقه ای از آسایش قرار می گیرد. با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، هدف از تحقیق حاضر طبقه بندی آسایش سکونتی و گردشگری با استفاده از شاخص های اقلیمی در استان ایلام است. ابتدا با استفاده از داده های اقلیمی بارش، دما، رطوبت نسبی و سرعت از شش ایستگاه سینوپتیک، به تحلیل شاخص های آماری توصیفی پرداخته شد. سپس با استفاده از شاخص های اقلیمی بیکر، دمای موثر و توزیع احتمالاتی، برای هر ماه درجه آسایش اقلیمی مشخص شد. این تحقیق از نظر قلمرو جغرافیایی به تحلیل پیامدهای تغییرات دما و بارش بر آسایش اقلیمی در استان ایلام میپردازد. نتایج برآیند شاخص های اقلیمی بیکر، دمای موثر و توزیع احتمالاتی نشان داد که ماه های فروردین، اردیبهشت، مهر، آبان و اسفند مستعد آسایش اقلیمی هستند. طبق نتایج، شهرهای دره شهر و لومار در ماههای گذار از گرما به سرما (مهر و آبان) و سرما به گرما (فروردین و اردیبهشت) بیشترین پتانسیل آسایش اقلیمی را داشته باشند. به طور کلی در فصل بهار و پاییز شهرهای شمالی و شرقی استان ایلام از آسایش اقلیمی بالاتری برخوردارند؛ در عوض در فصل زمستان شهرهای جنوبی و مرزی (مهران و دهلران) از آسایش اقلیمی مناسبی برخوردارند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Identifying areas prone to residential comfort and tourism based on climatic parameters is one of the most used topics for climate, geography and tourism researchers. Considering the importance of the topic, the current study aimed to classify the climatic and tourism comfort using climatic indicators in Ilam province. First, using climatic data of rainfall, temperature, relative humidity and speed from six synoptic stations, descriptive statistics were analyzed. The statistical period of the study case was 30 years (water year 2010-2018 to 2019-2019). Next, using Baker's climatic indices, effective temperature and probability distribution, the degree of climatic comfort was determined for each month. This research analyzed the consequences of changes in temperature and precipitation on the climatic comfort of Ilam province in terms of geographical territory. The results of Baker's climatic indices, effective temperature and probability distribution showed that the months of April, May, October, November and March are prone to climatic comfort. According to the results, the cities of Darreh Shahr and Lomar have the greatest potential for climatic comfort in the months of transition from heat to cold (October and November) and cold to heat (April and May). In general, the northern and eastern cities of Ilam province have higher climatic comfort in spring and autumn. On the other hand, in winter season, the southern and border cities (Mehran and Dehloran) have a comfortable climate.
منابع و مأخذ:
AghaKouchak, A., Chiang, F., Huning, L.S., Love, C.A., Mallakpour, I., Mazdiyasni, O., Moftakhari, H., Papalexiou, S.M., Ragno, E. & Sadegh, M. (2020). Climate extremes and compound hazards in a warming world. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 48, pp 519-548.
Amiri, M.J. & Eslamian, S.S. (2010). Investigation of climate change in Iran. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 3(4), pp 208-216.
Anđelković, G., Pavlović, S., Đurđić, S., Belij, M. & Stojković, S. (2016). Tourism climate comfort index (TCCI)-an attempt to evaluate the climate comfort for tourism purposes: the example of Serbia. Global NEST Journal, 18(3), pp 482-493.
Bastanfard, M. & Sanagar Darbani, E. (2020). Cooling the urban environments and its impact on climate change in informal settlements through outdoor thermal comfort (case studies: Aa’ melli, Ghaleh Sakhteman and Hojjat neighborhoods of Mashhad). Journal of Environmental Studies, 46(2), pp 261-279.
Fallah Ghalhari, G. A., Shakeri, F., Abbasinia, M., Ghanadzadeh, M. J., Tajik, R. & Asghari, M. (2019). Use of Becker and neurotic pressure bioclimatic indices in the assessment of thermal comfort in outdoor environments based on meteorological data: case study in three different climates of Iran. Iran Occupational Health Journal, 16(1), pp 33-46.
Ganesh, G.A., Sinha, S.L., Verma, T.N. & Dewangan, S.K. (2021). Investigation of indoor environment quality and factors affecting human comfort: A critical review. Building and Environment, 204, pp 108146.
Goldberg, L., Lagomasino, D., Thomas, N. & Fatoyinbo, T. (2020). Global declines in human‐driven mangrove loss. Global change biology, 26(10), pp 5844-5855.
Hasanah, N.A.I., Maryetnowati, D., Edelweis, F.N., Indriyani, F. & Nugrahayu, Q. (2020). The climate comfort assessment for tourism purposes in Borobudur Temple Indonesia. Heliyon, 6(12), p e05828.
Hondula, D.M., Balling, R.C., Vanos, J.K. & Georgescu, M. (2015). Rising temperatures, human health, and the role of adaptation. Current Climate Change Reports, 1, pp 144-154.
Hughes, T.P., Baird, A.H., Bellwood, D.R., Card, M., Connolly, S.R., Folke, C., Grosberg, R., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Jackson, J.B., Kleypas, J. & Lough, J.M. (2003). Climate change, human impacts, and the resilience of coral reefs. science, 301(5635), pp 929-933.
Kalankesh, L.R., Rodriguez-Couto, S., Alami, A., Khosravan, S., Meshki, M., Ahmadov, E., Mohammadpour, A. & Bahri, N. (2022). Socio-Environmental Determinants and Human Health Exposures in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones of Iran—Narrative Review. Environmental Health Insights, 16, p 11786302221089738.
Kousari, M.R., Dastorani, M.T., Niazi, Y., Soheili, E., Hayatzadeh, M. & Chezgi, J. (2014). Trend detection of drought in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran based on implementation of reconnaissance drought index (RDI) and application of non-parametrical statistical method. Water resources management, 28, pp 1857-1872.
Makowski, M., (2002). Multi object decision support including sensitivity analysis, Encyclopedia of life support, EOLSS publishers, 3, 17 p.
Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Pörtner, H.O., Roberts, D., Skea, J., Shukla, P.R., Pirani, A., Moufouma-Okia, W., Péan, C., Pidcock, R. & Connors, S. (2018). Global warming of 1.5 C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of, 1(5), pp 43-50.
McMichael, A.J., Woodruff, R.E. & Hales, S. (2006). Climate change and human health: present and future risks. The Lancet, 367(9513), pp 859-869.
Mehdinasab, M. (2018). Analysis Time of Comfort Environmental Bio Climate Based on Wetland Hshylan Models Bio Climate. Geographical Journal of Tourism Space, 6(23), pp 85-97.
Modarres, R. & da Silva, V.D.P.R. (2007). Rainfall trends in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. Journal of arid environments, 70(2), pp 344-355.
Pathak, T., Maskey, M., Dahlberg, J., Kearns, F., Bali, K. and Zaccaria, D., (2018). Climate change trends and impacts on California agriculture: a detailed review. Agronomy, 8(3), 25.
Patz, J.A., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Holloway, T. & Foley, J.A. (2005). Impact of regional climate change on human health. Nature, 438(7066), pp 310-317.
Rahimi, J., Ebrahimpour, M. & Khalili, A. (2013). Spatial changes of extended De Martonne climatic zones affected by climate change in Iran. Theoretical and applied climatology, 112, pp 409-418.
Ramezani, B. (2010). Potentials of Human Bioclimatic Comfort in Anzali Wetland. Journal of Physical Geography, 2(6), pp 49-56.
Saatsaz, M., (2020). A historical investigation on water resources management in Iran. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22(3), pp 1749-1785.
Safaee pour, M., Shabankari, M. & Taghavi, T. (2013). The Effective Bioclimatic Indices on Evaluating Human Comfort (ACase Study: Shiraz City), Geography and Environmental Planning, 24(2), pp 193-210.
Sanagar Darbani, E., Rafieian, M., Hanaee, T., & Monsefi Parapari, D. (2018). Climate Change Impact Assessment on Outdoor Thermal Comfort Changes Using Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) Index in Mashhad. Geographical Researches, 33(3), pp 38-57.
Santos, M. & Fragoso, M. (2012). April. Seasonal trends in extreme daily precipitation indices in Northern of Portugal. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts,14, pp 8292.
Servati, Z. & Latifi, G.R. (2021). Evaluating the impacts of climatic factors, especially quality and direction of the prevailing wind on thermal comfort using geographical models of a town square Case study: Nabovat Square in East of Tehran. Geographical Data, 30(117), pp 251-265.
Sodhro, A.H., Pirbhulal, S., Luo, Z. & De Albuquerque, V.H.C. (2019). Towards an optimal resource management for IoT based Green and sustainable smart cities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 220, pp 1167-1179.
Toure, A., Diekkrüger, B., Mariko, A. & Cissé, A. (2017). Assessment of groundwater resources in the context of climate change and population growth: case of the Klela Basin in Southern Mali. Climate, 5(3), pp 45.
Vicente-Serrano, S.M., Quiring, S.M., Pena-Gallardo, M., Yuan, S. & Dominguez-Castro, F. (2020). A review of environmental droughts: Increased risk under global warming? Earth-Science Reviews, 201, p 102953.
Wang, S., Guo, L., He, B. & Li, T. (2020). The stability of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecosystem to climate change. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/b/c, 115, p 102827.
Worby, C.J. & Chang, H.H. (2020). Face mask use in the general population and optimal resource allocation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature communications, 11(1), p 4049.
Yilmaz A.G. (2014). The effects of climate change on historical and future extreme rainfall in Antalya, Turkey. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 22, p 2014.945455.
Zandi R, Nasiri A. & Salehi J. (2023). Evaluating the Effectiveness of Ackerman's Algorithm in Monitoring Dust Storms: A Case Study of Ilam Province, Iran. Desert Ecosystem Engineering Journal, 4(2), pp 27-36.
Zoghi, M., Ehsani, A.H., Sadat, M., javad Amiri, M. & Karimi, S. (2017). Optimization solar site selection by fuzzy logic model and weighted linear combination method in arid and semi-arid region: A case study Isfahan-IRAN. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68, pp 986-996.
_||_