چکیده مقاله :
مهریه در ازدواج نقشی تعیین کننده دارد. بر اساس دستورات شرع مقدس اسلام شایسته است با تعیین مهریه‌ی متعادل، پایه‌های یک زندگی مشترک از ابتدا به گونه‌ای صحیح بنا نهاده شود. متأسفانه امروزه تعیین مهریه‌های زیاد و خارج از توانایی پسران، یکی از موانع عمده‌ی ازدواج است. هدف این پژوهش بررسی وضعیت مهریه‌ی دانشجویان متأهل، شناسایی آسیب‌های ناشی از مهریه و عوامل فرهنگی اجتماعی مؤثر بر آن بود. روش پژوهش از نوع توصیفی – پیمایشی بود که در مورد 180 نفر نمونه‌ی آماری از مجموع 530 نفر دانشجویان متأهل در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فلاورجان که به گونه‌ی نمونه گیری طبقه‌ای انتخاب شده بودند، انجام گرفت. ابزار اندازه‌گیری، پرسشنامه‌ی محقق ساخته بود که در سه بخش اطلاعات جمعیت شناختی، شناسایی آسیب‌های ناشی از مهریه و شناسایی عوامل آسیب زا در مقیاس لیکرت تنظیم گردید. پایایی پرسشنامه براساس آلفای کرونباخ، برابر 89/0 در شناسایی آسیب‌ها و 86/0 در شناسایی عوامل آسیب‌زا برآورد شد. داده‌های پژوهش با استفاده از روش تحلیل عاملی تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته‌های بدست امده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نشان داد که مهریه سبب ایجاد آسیب‌های خانوادگی، آسیب‌های اجتماعی، آسیب‌های اقتصادی و آسیب‌های فرهنگی به ترتیب با ضریب کفایت نمونه گیری 82/0، 66/.، 64/. و 73/0 می‌شود. هم‌چنین، یافته‌های بدست آمده از آمار استنباطی نشان داد که عوامل اجتماعی (با میانگین 35/3)، عوامل اقتصادی (با میانگین 33/3) بیش از حد متوسط و عوامل فرهنگی (با میانگین 99/2) در حد متوسط بر وضعیت مهریه مؤثر بودند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
It is clear that dowry has a significant effect on marriage. According to the decrees of holly Islam, it is recommended that one base marriage foundations properly from the beginning by setting fair and reasonable dowries. Unfortunately, nowadays, setting excessive dowries has become one of the major obstacles for the youth to marry. The aim of this research was to investigate the status of dowry of married students, its threats to marriage, and the socio-cultural factors influencing it. This survey study involved 180 students selected through random stratified sampling out of a total of 530 married students studying at Islamic Azad University of Felavarjan. The measurement instrument of the study was a likert-scale questionnaire developed by the researcher. It comprised three sections including; 1. demographic information 2. identifying the threats of dowry to marriage, and 3. identifying threatening factors. Its Cronbach’s alpha reliabilities were 0.89 and 0.86 for section two and three respectively. Data was analyzed using Factor Analysis. The results of Factor Analysis revealed that dowry gave rise to familial, social, economic, and cultural damages with sampling efficiency coefficients (KMO coefficient) of 0.82, 0.66, 0.64, and 0.73 respectively. The results also indicated that social factors (with the average of 3.35), economical factors (with the average of 3.33) exerted an effect larger than medium on dowry. Cultural factors (with the average of 2.99), however, had a medium impact on dowry.
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