بررسی تجربه زیسته تجرد قطعی از منظر دختران مجرد

محورهای موضوعی : زن و جامعه

اکبر طالب پور ¹ , معصومه بیرانوند ²

1 - دانشیار گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصاد دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران
2 - کارشناس ارشد علوم اجتماعی، بروجرد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/12/25 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/07/17 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/08/01

کلید واژه: گراندد تئوری, تجرد قطعی, شرایط علی, شرایط ساختاری, شرایط زمینه ای,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: هدف مطالعه بررسی تجربه زیسته تجرد قطعی از دیدگاه دختران واقع در سن تجرد قطعی (عدم ازدواج تا 45 سالگی) با استفاده از واکاوی معانی ذهنی این تجربه از منظر جامعه هدف به منظور نظریه سازی بومی در این حوزه بود.
روش: بررسی مفهوم مرکزی تحقیق با استفاده از روش گراندد تئوری در سه مرحله کدگذاری؛ باز، محوری و گزینشی انجام شد تا شرایط علی، ساختاری و مداخله گر دخیل در پدیده تجرد قطعی مشخص شود. با 23 نفر از دختران مجرد قطعی بعنوان افراد مورد مطالعه با استفاده از تکنیک مصاحبه عمیق بدون ساختار گفتگو شد و مصاحبه با پاسخگویان تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری ادامه یافت. روایی تحقیق با استفاده از اعتبار اعضا و ارائه نتایج به افراد مورد مطالعه انجام شد که حاکی از روایی نتایج تحقیق بود، همچنین پایایی تحقیق با استفاده از حسابرسی فرآیند انجام شد و حسابرسی دقیق صاحب‌نظران درستی تمام گام‌های تحقیق را تأیید نمود.
نتایج: یافته ها نشان دادند؛ تجرد قطعی در شرایط زمینه ای؛ مشکلات اقتصادی، اعتیاد پدر، از بین رفتن خانواده مبدأ ، مسئولیت پذیر نبودن اعضای خانواده، تفاوت نسلی فرزندان و والدین، و درک نشدن دختران از سوی والدین رخ می دهد، در این بین شرایط علی؛ بازی ندادن دختر در انتخاب همسر، بالابودن سطح انتظارات، شکست عشقی و بی اعتمادی به مردان، و شرایط ساختاری ؛ آداب و رسوم غلط، تعصب بی مورد پدر ، اظهار نظر همسایگان، تبعیض بین دختران و پسران، آسیب پذیری دختران، و فقر فرهنگی اطرافیان موضوع را تشدید می کند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Purpose: The aim of study was to examine the lived experience of absolute celibacy from the point of view of absolute celibacy girls (unmarried up to 45) by using the analysis of the subjective meanings of this experience from the perspective of the target society in order to create indigenous theory.
Method: Examining the central concept of research by using the grounded theory method in three; open, central and selective coding stages was done to determine the causal, structural and intervening conditions involved in absolute celibacy. 23 unmarried girls were interviewed as study subjects by using an unstructured in-depth interview technique, and interviews with the respondents continued until theoretical saturation. The validity of the research was done by using the credibility of the members and presenting the results to the studied people, which indicated the validity of results, the reliability of research was done by using the process audit and the careful audit of experts confirmed the correctness of all steps of research.
Findings:Research results showed; absolute celibacy in contextual conditions; economic problems, father's addiction, loss of origin family, lack of family members responsibility, intergenerat gap between children and parents, and girls not being understood by parents, among the causal conditions; lack of freedom in choosing a spouse, high level of expectations, failure in love and mistrust of men, and structural conditions; wrong customs, father's unnecessary prejudice, neighbors' comments, discrimination between boys and girls, girls' vulnerability, and the cultural poverty of the surrounding people lead to aggravation of the issue.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Awosan, C.L.; Hardy, K.V. (2017). Coupling Processes and Experiences of Never Married Heterosexual Black Men and Women: A Phenomenological Study. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy. 43(3).


2. Azad Armaki, Taqi. (2007). Sociology of Iranian family.Tehran:Sama Pub.( Persian).


3. Becker, G. (1976). The Economic Approch to Humen Behaviors. Chicago university Of Chicago press.


4. Creswell, John W (2019) Research Project: Qualitative, Quantitative and Combined Approaches, Translated by Alireza Kiamanesh Tehran, Jihad Daneshgahi Pub.(Persian).


5. Eskandari Cherati, Azar. (2008). "Investigation of social factors affecting the delay of marriage age in Iran with emphasis on Golestan province". Specialized Sociology Journal of Ashtian Azad University. 4( 3) (Persian).


6. Ferguson, S. (2000). Challenging Traditional Marriage: Never Married Chinese and Japanese American Women. Gender and Society. 14(1).


7. Ghanbaribarzain, A., Salmanvandy, S., Fatemi, N. (2018). An Analysis of the Impact of Premarital Sexual Relations on Marriage Orientation (Case study: Students of University of Isfahan). Strategic Research on Social Problems in Iran University of Isfahan,7(3),33-54.doi: 10.22108/ssoss.2019.113584.1325 (Persian).


8. Ganji, M., Piri, H., Vahedian, M. (2021). Typology of unmarried Ilamian girls According to reasons of Singleness. Journal of Woman and Family Studies, 9(1), 189-212. (Persian).


9. Good , W.J. (1963). world Rerolution and family pattern. New York: Free press. (Persian).


10. Hosseini, S., Izadi, Z. (2016). The Phenomenology of lived Experiences Of Women Over 35 Years of Age Who Have Never Married In Tehran. Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological, 14(1), 41-72. doi: 10.22051/jwsps.2016.2332. (Persian).


11. Karimi, Khadijeh (2009). A study of changes in marriage indicators in Iran during 1375 to 1385. The fourth conference of the Iranian Demographic  Association.Tehran.(Persian).


12. Khosravi, J., Khezrnezhad, O., Darni, H. (2021). Semantic reconstruction of the experience of celibacy From the perspective of girls 30 years and above the city of Buchanan. Women's Strategic Studies, 23(92), 133-151. (Persian).


13. Modarresi Yazdi F, Farahmand M, Afshani S A(2017). A Study on Single Girls’ Social Isolation and Its Effective Socio-Cultural Factors: A Study on Single Girls over 30 Years in Yazd. Journal of Social Problems of Iran .; 8 (1) :121-143.(Persian).


14. Mohammadpour, Ahmed. (2012). Anti-methodology: logic and design in qualitative methodology. Tehran: Sociologists Press(Persian).


15. Moffitt, R.A. (2000). Famale wages, malewages, and The Economic model of marriage: The Evidenceinl. J. waite (ed), The Ties That bind: perspectires on marriage and cohabitation. New York: walter de Gruyter.


16. Ntoimo Lorretta F. C. & Abanihe. Uche, I. (2014). "Determinants of Singlehood: A Retrospective Account by Older Single Woman in Lagos, Nigeria". Population Studies. Vol 27, No 2: 386-397.


17. Parker, K.; Wang, W.; Rohal, M. (2014). “Record shere of Amercians Have never married: As ralues, Economice and Gender patterns change”. washing ton, D.c: pew Research center`s asocial: demographic Trends project,September.


18. Rafipur, Farmarz. (1999). Explorations and thoughts. Tehran: Sahami Enteshar Press. (Persian).


19. Sakhavat, Jafar. (1999). Sociology of social deviations. Tehran: Payame Noor Pub. (Persian).


20. Sediq Orei, Gholamreza. (1995). Sociology of youth social issues. Tehran: Jihad Press. (Persian).


21. Segalan, Martin (1992). Historical Sociology of the Family, Translated by Hamid Elyasi, Tehran, Center Publishing(Persian).


22. Strauss, Anselm; Carbin, Juliet. (2012). Fundamentals of qualitative research (techniques and stages of grounded theory). Translated by: Ebrahim Afshar. Tehran: Ney Pub. Sediq Orei, Gholamreza. (1374). Sociology of youth social issues. Tehran: Jihad Press. (Persian).


23. Thaghavi, Nematollah(2005) Sociology of family, Payame Noor University Press.


24. Talebpour, Akbar (2014) Sociological explanation of the trend towards peddling: a qualitative research (case study male peddlers in the market and subway in Tehran) Marefat Quarterly, 6(3), 141-163. (Persian).


25. Yoo, S.H. (2016). “Post ponement and recup eration cohort marriage: The experience of south south korea”. Demogaphic Research. 35(35): 1045-1078.


26. zarean, M. (2018). Investigation of the reasons for delayed marriage from the viewpoint of female students in Tehran. Journal of Woman and Family Studies, 6(2), 86-110. (Persian).