نقش واسطهای اضطراب در رابطه‌ی بازداری اجتماعی و فرسودگی حیاتی در زنان شاغل و غیرشاغل
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعهعلی مصطفائی 1 , انور نیک نام 2 , بهار عزیزی نژاد 3 , سید طاهر موسوی راد 4 , سید علی آزادمنش 5
1 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه پیام نور-آذربایجان غربی- ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد تربیت بدنی - مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه پیام نور-شهر ری- ایران
3 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه پیام نور-آذربایجان غربی-ایران
4 - استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی دانشگاه پیام نور-تهران-ایران
5 - مربی گروه مشاوره دانشگاه پیام نور- آذربایجان غربی-ایران
کلید واژه: اضطراب, زنان شاغل, بازداری اجتماعی, فرسودگی حیاتی, غیرشاغل,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از اجرای این پژوهش تببین نقش واسطهای اضطراب در بین بازداری اجتماعی و فرسودگی حیاتی در زنان شاغل و غیرشاغل شهرستان بوکان بود. نوع این پژوهش براساس هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روش اجرا، توصیفی- همبستگی میباشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش، کلیهی زنان شاغل آموزش و پرورش شهرستان بوکان و نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی سادهی 100 زن شاغل و 100 زن غیرشاغل که همسران آنها شاغل آموزش و پرورش بودند، انتخاب شد. دادهها از روش پرسشنامههای بک(1990)، نئو(1989) و فرسودگی حیاتی ماستریخت(2005) گردآوری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از آزمون تی و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل مسیر انجام گرفت. نتایج حاصل از آزمون تی نشان داد که بین زنان شاغل و غیرشاغل از نظر بازداری اجتماعی و فرسودگی حیاتی و اضطراب تفاوت معنادار وجود دارد. نتایج همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد که بین زنان شاغل از نظر بازداری اجتماعی و فرسودگی حیاتی و اضطراب رابطه مثبت و معنادار وجود دارد. افزون بر این، نتایج تحلیل مسیر نشان دادند که متغیر اضطراب، بهصورت مستقیم بر متغیر بازداری اجتماعی و فرسودگی حیاتی زنان شاغل تأثیر میگذارد. براساس یافتههای پژوهش میتوان نتیجه گرفت که اضطراب، شدت و میزان بازداری اجتماعی و فرسودگی حیاتی افراد شاغل را پیشبینی میکند.
The purpose of this study was defining the mediating role of anxiety in relation to social inhibition and vital exhaustion of female employed and unemployed in the city of Boukan. This research is purposeful, applied and methodically descriptive of survey type. The statistical population included female employed of Boukan city and 100 women employed and 100 women unemployed were selected through selected randomly sampling. Beck scales (1990), Neo scales (1989), vital exhaustion Maastricht scale (2005) were administered to collect data. Then data were analyzed by T-test, means of Pearson correlation coefficient, and path analysis. The results t test showed that between employed and unemployed women in social inhibition and vital exhaustion and anxiety, there is a significant difference. According to the results of Pearson correlation, anxiety has a significant and positive relationship with social inhibition and vital exhaustion in employed women. In addition, the findings of path analysis indicated that anxiety affect social inhibition and vital exhaustion. According to research findings, the intensity and degree of anxiety can predict the social inhibition and vital exhaustion of working people.
- Aghayousefi, A., & Shahande, M. (2012). Relationship between Angery and stubbornness and quality of life in coronary artery disease. Journal of Health Psychology, 3, 49-44. (in Persian)
- Akbar Mahdi., & Aslanabadi, N. (2008). Examine the effect of negative emotions, social inhibition and the role of gender in the incidence of coronary heart disease. Journal of Psychological Studies, 1, 71-86. (in Persian)
- American Heart Association. (2002). Heart and Stroke Statistical Update, Dallas, TX Barefoot, J. C, Schroll, M, 1996. Symptoms of depression, acute myocardial infarction, and total mortality in a Community Sample, Circulation, 93, 1976-1980.
-Appels, A., Bar, F., vander Pol, G., Erdman, R., Assman, M., Trijsburg, W., Van Diest, R., Van Dixhoorn, J., & Mendes de Leon, C.(2005).‘’ Effects of treating exhaustion in angioplasty patients on new coronary events: Results of therandomized exhaustion intervention trial (ECIT) ‘’ , Journal of Psychosom Med; 67: 217-23.
- Arthur, H. M. (2006). Depression, Isolation, Social Support, and Cardiovascular Disease in older Adults. Journal Cardiovasc Nurs: 21(5 Suppl1):52-7.
-Atoof, F., kogaiebidgoli, S., & Mehmandoost, S. (2013). Quality of life and its related factors among nurses in Kashan Shahid- Beheshti hospital. Journal of clinical research in paramedical sciences; 2:147- 55. (in Persian)
-Bakhshandeh M., & Mohammad Hossein, H. (2014). Investigating the relationship between the quality of working life and the performance of employees: A case study. Journal of Human Resources management; 22:7 (in Persian)
-Bally, K., Campbell, D., CChesnik, K., & Tranmer, J, E. (2003). Effects of Patient-Controlled Music Therpy During Coronary Angiography on Procedura Pain and Anxiety Distress Syndrome. Journal of Crit Care Nurse; 23(2): 50-8.
-Beck, AT., & Steer, RA. (1990). The Beck Anxiety Inventory manual. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
-Broek, P., & Martens, p. (2007). ‘’Increased Emotional distress in type-D cardiac patients with out a partner ‘’, Journal of Psychosom Res; 63(1): 41-9.
-Carney R. M., Freedland K. E., Jaffe, A.S., Frasure-Smith, N., Lesperance, F., & Sheps D.S. (2004) “Depression as a risk factor for post-MI mortality”, Journal of the American College of Cardiology; 44, 472–474.
-Chida, Y., & Steptoe, A. (2009). The Association of Anger and Hostility with Future coronary Heart Disease: a meta- Analytic Review of Prospective E vidence. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 53, 936-946.
- Choubineh, A., Rajayifard, A., & Neghab, M. (2006). Problems associated with shifts in health care workers of medical sciences university of Shiraz. Iranian Journal of Medicine of East, 12 (3 & 4): 340-346. (in Persian).
-Clarke, David, M., & Christopher, J. (2008). Cognititive Behavior Therapy. Translation by Kaviani, H, October, mining. PP. 495.
-Denollet, J. (2000). Type D personality: A potential risk factor refined. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 49, 255-266.
-Denollet, J., & Vaes, J., & Brautsaert, D. L. (2000). ‘’ Inadequate response to treatment in coronary heart disease: adverse effects of type D personality and younger age on 5 year prognosis and quality of life ‘’ , Circulation , 102 , 630-5.
-Denollet, J., Conraads, V. M., Brutsaert, D. I., Clerck, L. D., Stevens, W, J., & vrints, C. L . (2003). Cytokines and immune activation in systolic heart failure: The role of type-D personality ‘’, Journal of Brain Behav Immun; 17(4): 304-9.
-Denollt, J. (2005). DS14: Standard assessment of negative affectivity, Social inhibition, and Type D personality ‘’, Journal of Psychosom Med; 67 (1): 89-97.
-GarusiFarshi, MT. (2001). Standardization NEOPI-R personality inventory and analysis of the characteristics and factor structure among university students in Iran. Dissertations, Tehran, Tarbiat Modarres University. (in Persian)
-Gaudiano, B. A., & Herbert, J. D. (2003). Preliminary psychometric evaluation of new self-efficacy scale and its relationship to treatment outcome in social anxiety disorder. Journal of Cognitive Therapy and Research 27(5), 537-555.
-Grigs, A., & loskalzo, K. (2005). ‘’[Internal principles of Cecil medicine]’’, Is ted.Teimoorzadeh; 15-6.
-Haghshenas, H. (2008). Normalization of the NEO Five Factor Inventory (Revised). Journal of Thought and Behavior 28, 47-38. (in Persian)
-Hansen, J. S., & Berry, D. S. (2001). Posititve and negative emotion, and Social interaction in patients with coronary heart disease , Journal of personality and Social psychology , 11 , 790-809.
- Hashemi Nosrat Abad, T., Mashynchy Abbasi, N., Adl Nasab, A., & Laden Bahador Khosroshahi, J. (2012). Comparing the type D personality and vital exhaustion to heart disease and normal subjects. Journal of Health Psychology, 3, 68-60. (in Persian)
-Heidari Pahlavan, A., Gharakhani, M., & Mahjoub, H. (2008). Hostility, personality and coronary heart disease. Journal of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Hamadan, 4, 44-47. (in Persian)
-Hemati Mastak Pak, M. (2005). Assessment of Anxiety Level of Employed Formal Nurses in Hospitals of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty; 3: 2. (in Persian)
-Hosseini, M. (2007). Management of Nursing Services. Tehran. Publishing and promoting boshra, Tohfe; First Printing. p. 279. (in Persian)
- Jonge, P., Denollet, J., Van Melle, J., Kuyper, A., Honig, A., & Hschene, A. (2007). ‘’ Association of type-D personality and depression with somatic health in myocardial infarction patients’’ Journal of Psychosom Res; 63(5) : 477-89
-kawachi, I., Colditz, G, A., & Williams, W, C. (2000). Prospective Study of phobic anxiety and depression risk factor of Coronary heart diseae in Women, Circulation , 89 , 1992-1997.
- Kayalha, H., Yazdi, Z., Rastak, S., & Dizanih, M. (2013). Obvious and Hidden Anxiety and the Related Factors in Operating Room Nurses Employed in General Hospital. Global Journal of Health Science; 62 (5): 7-11
-Kazemi V. (2010). Comparison of cognitive distortion in depressed and anxious patients. Thesis M.A. in university Shiraz. (in Persian)
- Kudielka, B. M., Van Kane, R., Gander, M. L., & Fischer, J. E. (2004). ‘’ The interrelationship of Psycholosocial risk factors for coronary artery disease in a working population ‘’ , Journal of Behavior medicin, 30 (1) , 35 -40
-Lane, D., Carroll, D., & Lip GYH, A. (2003). Anxiety Depresson, and Prognosis After Myocardial Infarction: Is There a Caual Association? Journal of Am Coll Cardiol; 42(10): 1808-10
-Lops, J de L., Nogueira – M artins, L, A., Goncalves, M. A., & de Barros, AL. (2010). Comparing Levels of Anxiety During Bed and Shower Baths in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarcation, Journal of Re Lat Am Enfermagem; 18(2): 217-223
-Masoudnia. A. (2011). The Relationship between type D personality and its components and general health of students. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 5 (2): 149-143(in Persian)
-Moradi, G., & Zamani, M. (2014). Examines the role of social phobia social isolation of rural women in villages Dalahoo, Journal of Strategic Security and social order. 3 (7): 112-118(in Persian)
- Muris, P., Bogie, N., & Hoogsteader, A. (2002). Protective and vulnerability factors of depression in normal adolescents. Journal of Behavioral Research and Therapy, 39(5), 555–565.
-Nasiri Bari, H., Payvasteh, A., & Derakhshan A. (2012). An Investigation into and Prioritization of the Effective Factors on Job stress among the Military Commanders and Managers (A Case Study in an Iranian Army Ground Force). Journal of miliary management; 12: 131-54(in Persian)
-Paula B. A. (2005). Comparative investigation of the predictors of work-related psychological wellbeing within police, fire and. ambulance workers New Zealand Journal of Psychology; 34. 127-34
-Pedersen, S. S., & Middel, B. (2001). Increased vital exhaustionamong Type- D patients with ischaemic heart disease. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 51, 4430449
-Pederson, S. S., & Denollet, J. (2005). Type D personality, cardiac events, and impaired quality of life: a review. European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation, 10(4), 241-248.
- Pedersen, S. S., Denollet, J., ong, A., Serruys, W., Erdman, R., & Van-donburg, R. (2007). Impaire health Status in type – D Patients Following PCI in the drug- eluting stent era ‘’ , Internatiinal Journal of Cardioligy , 114, 358-65
-Pelle, A. J., Denollet , J., Zwisler, A., & Pedersen, S. S. (2009) , ‘’ Overlap and distinctiveness of psychological risk factors in patients with ischemic heart disease and chronic heart failure : Are we there yet?’’ Journal of Affect Disord; 113(1-2): 150-6
-Porshhryary Meh, S. (2007). Compare depression, social isolation and family links users and non-Internet Users high school female students in Tehran. Journal of Psychological Studies, 3(2): 49-64 (in Persian)
-Rasulyan, M. (2004). Associated burnout in nurses with the personality characteristics, Journal of Thought and Behavior, 4:18-24. (in Persian)
-Rozanski, A., Blumenthal, J. A., & Kaplan, J. (1999). “Impact of psychological factors on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and implications for therapy”, Circulation, 99, 2192–2217.
- Salemi, S. (2007). Basic theory and practice of nursing. First ed., Tehran, Selmi. (in Persian)
-Sarafino, E. P. (2002). ‘’ Health Psychology. 4thed. Philadelphia: Wiley and sons’’, 42-8
-Schiffer, A. A., Pedersen, S. S., Widdershoven, J. W., Hendrikes, E. H., Winter, J. B. , & Denollet , J . (2005). The distressed (type D) personality is independently associated with impaired health status and increased depressive symptoms in chronic heart failure. European Journal of cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, 12, 341-346.
-Seligman, M. P. (2003). Positive psychology fundamental assumption. The psychologist. 16. 126 – 127.
-Shapiro, J., Kolodner, K, B., & Spiro, A. (2003). Negative affect, gender, and expressive Style predict elevated ambulatory blood pressure , Journal of behavioral Medicine , 60 . 596-605.
-Shushtari Hakim, F., Arab gule, F., Khajadini, N., & Elahi, F. (2004). Study burnout syndrome in nursing with children behavioral problems, Journal of cognitive science, 21 (4): 67-72.
- Siegman, A, W. (2000). Cardiovascular Consequences of expressing experiencing, and repressing anger in women, Journal of behavioral Medicine, 19 , 539-569.
-Smeltzer, S. C., & Bare, B. G. (2004). Medical – Surgical Nursing, O the Ed, Philadeiphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilking co.
-Sreeramareddy, CT., Shankar, PR., Binu, V., Mukhopadhyay, C., Ray, B., & Menezes, R, G. (2007). Psychological morbidity, sources of stress and coping strategies among undergraduate medical students,Journal of Nepal BMC Medical education;22(7): 26-31
-Taylor, C.T., Bomyea, J., & Amir, N. (2010). Attention bias away from positive social information mediates: The link between social anxiety and anxiety vulnerability to a social stressor. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24(4), 403-408.
-Williams, L., O’Connor, R., Grubb, N., & O’Carroll, R. (2012). Type D personality and three- monthpsychosocial outcomes amongpatientspost- myocardial in farction. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 72, 422-426.
- Zandi, M., Sayari, R., Ebadi A., & Sanainasab, H. (2011). Abundance of depression, anxiety and stress inmilitant Nurses. Journal of Mil Med; 13:103-108. (in Persian)
_||_