واکاوی اثرات خوشه های صنعتی بر توسعه منطقهای مورد پژوهی: خوشه های صنعتی سنگ منطقه کلانشهر اصفهان
محورهای موضوعی :
فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
محمد حسین شریف زادگان
1
,
همایون نورائی
2
1 - استاد گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1394/06/16
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/11/30
تاریخ انتشار : 1395/11/01
کلید واژه:
توسعه منطقهای,
خوشههای صنعتی,
صنعت سنگ,
کلانشهر اصفهان,
چکیده مقاله :
علیرغم شکلگیری بزرگترین منطقه تولید و فرآوری سنگ کشور در منطقه کلانشهری اصفهان در دهههای اخیر (شامل چهار خوشه محمودآباد، نجفآباد، دولتآباد و خمینیشهر) و وجود بحثهای شفاهی و غیرمستند گسترده درباره تأثیرات منطقهای آنها، کمتر بررسی دقیقی درباره این خوشهها به ویژه در ارتباط با نقش آنها در توسعه منطقهای اصفهان صورت پذیرفته است. با عنایت به این خلاء مطالعاتی در این مقاله هدف آن است تا میزان شدت اثرات خوشه های صنعتی سنگ منطقه کلانشهری اصفهان بر توسعه منطقهای و میزان مطلوبیت آن مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گیرد. در این راستا از پارادایم روششناسی مختلط در این مقاله بهره گرفته شده است؛ ضمن اینکه برای جمعآوری دادهها از روش کتابخانهای و میدانی (از نوع پرسشنامهای) استفاده گردیده و برای این منظور با توجه به ویژگیهای جامعه هدف، روش نمونهگیری چند مرحلهای (مرحله نخست روش نمونهگیری تصادفی طبقهبندیشده برای تعیین حجم نمونه و روش نمونهگیری سیستماتیک برای مشخص نمودن واحدهای مورد نمونهگیری) انتخاب و بر این مبنا به 223 عدد از بنگاههای خوشههای صنعتی منتخب از بین 1115 بنگاه موجود در آن، مراجعه شده است. در ادامه نیز از فن تحلیل عاملی تأییدی مرتبه دوم (به عنوان یکی از فنون مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری) برای فهم میزان شدت تأثیرگذاری و از تکنیک تبدیل مقیاس خطی برای درک میزان مطلوبیت تأثیرگذاری خوشههای صنعتی در توسعه منطقهای بهره گرفته شده است. نتایج به دست آمده حاکی از آن است که علیرغم وجود پتانسیل تأثیرگذاری خوشههای صنعتی منتخب بر توسعه منطقه کلانشهری اصفهان، این خوشهها در زمینههای مختلف اقتصادی، اجتماعی و کالبدی هنوز دارای تأثیرگذاری بسیار مطلوب نبوده و این تأثیرگذاری در حد متوسط مانده است که این قضیه به همراه این مورد که برخلاف تصور خوشههای مذکور بیشتر در توسعه اجتماعی منطقه تأثیرگذار بوده تا در توسعه اقتصادی و نیز اینکه خوشه ها بیشتر بر مبنای ارتباطات درونی خود بنگاهها، جلوگیری از مهاجرت مدیران و سرمایه های فیزیکی به توسعه منطقهای کمک نموده است. بر مبنای ارتباطات برونی بنگاهها، جلوگیری از مهاجرت کارکنان و سرمایه انسانی، نهایتاً میتواند منجر به این نتیجه شود که خوشههای صنعتی سنگ منطقه کلانشهری اصفهان هنوز در مرحله جنینی توسعه میباشد و از ویژگی های خوشههای صنعتی به صورت نظری و آرمانی که تاثیرگذاری مطلوب و با شدت زیادی را برای منطقه دربرگیرنده خود ایجاد مینماید، فاصله دارند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Despite the formation of the largest production and processing of stone in the Isfahan metropolitan region in recent decades (including: Mahmmoudabad, Najafabad, Dolatabad, and Khomeinishahr industrial clusters), less detailed studies have been done about clustering, especially in relation to their role in the regional development of industrial areas. This study attempts to cover this gap by cluster analysis of the stone industrial of Isfahan metropolitan region impact on regional development in term of its intensity and desirability. A Mixed research paradigm (involving the mixed case study in quantitative and qualitative research methods) has been used. In this way, at first, the literature about “industrial clusters” and “the role of industrial clusters on the regional development” were reviewed to determin indexes. The second stage, the questionnaire was provided based on selected measures and multi stage sampling method (stratified random sampling for determiantion of sampling population and systematic sampling methods for sampling frame). Then, 223 persons who work in the selected industrial were selected among 1115 workers base on the clustering sample in order to complete the questionnaire and collect data. The third stage, the obtained data were entered into the SPSS software in which confirmatory factor analysis and linear scaling transformation technique were used for measuring selected clusters in term of its intensity and desirability, respectively. The results show that despite the potential influence of Mahmmoudabad, Najafabad, Dolatabad, and Khomeinishahr stone industrial clusters on the Isfahan metropolitan development in term of its intensity, the selected industrial clusters have not still a very desirable economic, social and physical impacts. Also, clusters have more impact on social regional development, internal relation of firm improvement, preventing management migration and increasing physical capital in comparison with to economic regional development, external relation of firm improvement, preventing staff migration and increasing human capital. Thus, stone industrial clusters in the Isfahan metropolitan region are stil in the embryonic stage of development and they are far from the theoretical industrial clusters which have high-intensity and desirable impact for their regions.
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