ارزیابی سیاست های تامین مسکن بر ادراک کیفیت محیط مسکونی از منظر بهره برداران ( مورد کاوی سیاست های سه گانه تأمین مسکن شهر بجنورد)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

روزبه دادجو ¹ , عبدالهادی دانشپور ² , مهران علی الحسابی ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران.
3 - دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/01/04 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/07/29 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/11/01

کلید واژه: «سیاست تأمین مسکن», «مسکن گروه های کم درآمد», «کیفیت مسکن», «کیفیت محیط مسکونی», «شهر بجنورد»,

چکیده مقاله :

تأمین مسکن مناسب یکی از مسائل پیچیده و بنیادین شهرهای امروزی به خصوص در کشورهای در حال توسعه تلقی می شود. در مواجه با این مسئله، در کشور ایران نیز تا کنون سیاست های متفاوتی برای تامین مسکن بکار گرفته شده است که با توجه به گذشت زمان هم اکنون پیامدهای آن ها آشکار شده است. با وجود مطالعات متعدد بر روی ارزیابی سیاست های مسکن، تا کنون مطالعه ای به منظور مقایسه پیامدهای سیاست های مختلف مسکن بر روی رضایتمندی ساکنان انجام نشده است.
این پژوهش این پژوهش بر مبنای روش تحقیق مقایسه ای و با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس (ANOVA) انجام شده است. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات، پرسشنامه و روش نمونه گیری نیز تصادفی ساده است.
به منظور آشکارسازی پیامدهای انواع سیاست گذاری مسکن در تأمین نیازهای گروه های هدف، سه محله در شهر بجنورد که سیاست های متفاوت در آن ها اجرا شده است، با یکدیگر مقایسه شده اند. شهرک ولیصعر نماینده سیاست تأمین زمین و خدمات، گلستان شهر نماینده سیاست عرضه مسکن و احمدآباد نماینده سیاست توانمندسازی است. با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس، کیفیت ادراک شده این محلات از دیدگاه بهره وران در دو سطح مسکن (8 شاخص) و محیط مسکونی (12 شاخص) ارزیابی و مورد مقایسه قرار گرفته است.. در مجموع شهرک ولیعصر، وضعیت بهتری را از لحاظ اکثر شاخص های مسکن و محیط مسکونی نشان می دهد و سطح رضایتمندی در این محله به صورت محسوسی بالاتر از دو مورد دیگر بوده است. در مقایسه دو محله دیگر، هر دو محله وضعیت نامناسبی به لحاظ کیفیت محیط مسکونی دارند. در شاخص های مسکن، محله گلستان شهر در شاخص های کالبدی مسکن و محله احمد آباد در شاخص های اجتماعی مسکن وضعیت بهتری داشته اند. نتایج نشان دهنده تفاوت معنادار شاخص ها میان محلات است. بطور کلی در تمامی محلات کیفیت محیط مسکونی از کیفیت مسکن پایین تر بوده است که علت اصلی را می توان در توجه بیشتر سیاست ها به مسکن و نه محیط مسکونی دانست.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract
The effective housing supply is a fundamental issue in many of today’s cities, especially in developing countries. Facing this issue, Iran has followed and implemented diverse policies concerning housing supply and the repercussions of these policies are now felt. Despite many studies conducted on the evaluation of the effects of these housing policies, there have been few investigations to compare different existing housing policies, especially in terms of occupants’ satisfaction.
This study used a causal-comparative design and employed Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the data analysis. The research instrument included a questionnaire and the sample was chosen using random sampling.
In the present study, to unearth the repercussions of implementing various housing policies on meeting the needs of the target groups, three neighborhoods in Bojnurd, which have followed a differing policy, were compared and contrasted against each other. Valiasr Complex, Golestan region and Ahmadabad region represent, the policy of land and service supply, the policy of housing supply and the policy of empowerment, respectively Using Analysis of variance, we compared the perceived quality in these neighborhoods from the perspective of occupants at two levels; housing quality (8 indicators) and residential environment quality (12 indicators). Overall, Valiasr Complex has a more appropriate status in the housing and residential environment indicators and the occupants’ satisfaction was meaningfully higher, when compared with that of the occupants in other neighborhoods. The other two neighborhoods had a poor status in the residential environment quality indicators. Golestan Complex had a better status in physical indicators of housing, while Ahmadabad region had a better status in social indicators of housing. The results indicated to significant differences between indicators in the neighborhoods under investigation. . On a general level, in all the neighborhoods, the residential environment quality was less than satisfactory, when compared with the housing quality. The reason could be ascribed to the fact that the policies have prioritized housing quality indicators over residential environment ones.

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