تغییرات فضایی تراکم ساختمانی و شناسایی عوامل تأثیر گذار (مورد مطالعه: شهر بیجار)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

عامر نیک پور ¹ , طاهر صفرراد ² , بهناز محمدیاری ³

1 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.
3 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/01/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/04/30 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/11/01

کلید واژه: تراکم ساختمانی, تغییرات فضایی, رگرسیون وزنی فضایی, بیجار,

چکیده مقاله :

گسترش شهرها و در پی آن اتخاذ سیاست متراکم سازی، مقوله تراکم را به عنوان یکی از مهمترین مولّفه های تعیین کننده مسائل شهری مطرح نموده است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تحلیل فضایی تراکم شهر بیجار و شناسایی عوامل تاثیر گذار بر آن است. پژوهش حاضر با نگرش توصیفی- اکتشافی و پیمایشی، تغییرات انواع تراکم و تحولات فضایی آن ها در شهر بیجار را در دو مقطع زمانی 1385 و 1395 مورد تحلیل قرار داده است. با استفاده از داده های بلوک های آماری، روند تغییرات شاخص ها و توزیع آن ها در سطح شهر بررسی شده است. برای تحلیل های آماری و نمایش گرافیکی نقشه ها از نرم افزارهای Spss ،Excel،GIS استفاده شده است. طبق نتایج میان تراکم جمعیت و تراکم ساختمانی در شهر بیجار رابطه مستقیم و معناداری وجود دارد و تحلیل لکه های داغ نشان داد کانون تراکم ساختمانی که در سال 1385 در نواحی مرکزی و محدوده های شمالی، جنوبی و شرقی شهر بوده است در سال 1395 به سمت جنوب غربی و محدوده شمال غربی شهر کشیده شده است. در سال 1385 در حدود 11/10 درصد از مساحت و 24/89 درصد از جمعیت شهر در پهنه تراکم بالای ساختمانی قرار داشتند که این میزان در سال 1395 به 12/13 درصد از مساحت و 31/59 درصد از جمعیت شهرافزایش یافت. طبق نتایج، رابطه معکوسی میان تراکم و فاصله از مرکز شهر وجود دارد، به طوری که با فاصله از مرکز شهر از میزان تراکم کاهش می‌یابد، همچنین ضریب2 Rنشان داد در سال 85 تقریباً 60 درصد تغییرات تراکم توسط متغیر فاصله از مرکز تبیین می شد اما این مقدار در سال 95 کاهش یافته و به 50 درصد رسیده است، کاهش این مقدار نشان دهنده گسترش توزیع فضایی ساخت و ساز در سطح محله ها، در دوره اخیر است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از رگرسیون وزنی هم نشان می‌دهد، سه متغیر قیمت زمین در قسمت غربی و جنوب غربی، تراکم جمعیتی در قسمت های شمالی، مرکزی و جنوب غربی و متغیر فاصله تا مرکز محله در قسمت غرب و جنوب غربی از مهمترین عوامل تأثیر گذار در میزان تراکم ساختمانی شهر بیجار هستند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The expansion of cities and the subsequent policy of condensation has made congestion as one of the most important determinants of urban problems. The present study, with a descriptive-exploratory and survey approach, has analyzed the variations of congestion types and their spatial developments in Bijar in two time periods 2006 and 2016. Using statistical block data, trends of index changes and their distribution throughout the city have been studied. Spss, Excel, GIS software was used for statistical analysis and graphical representation of maps. According to the results, there is a direct and significant relationship between population density and building density in Bijar city. The west and northwest boundaries of the city are drawn. In 2006, about 11/10% of the total area and 24/89% of the city population were in the high density of construction area, which in 2016 amounted to 12/13% and 31/59% of the total urban area. According to the results, there is an inverse relationship between congestion and distance from downtown with decreasing congestion distance from downtown. Also, R2 coefficient showed that in year 2006 almost 60% of congestion changes were explained by variable distance from downtown but This has fallen to 95% in 2016, a decrease that reflects the more spatial distribution of neighborhood-level construction in recent times. The results of weight regression also show that three variables of land price in west and southwest, population density in north, central and southwest and distance to neighborhood center in west and southwest are the most important factors affecting The transitions are in the building density of Bijar.

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