اثربخشی طرح‌واره درمانی بر نشخوار فکری، احساس تنهایی عاطفی اجتماعی و سلامت عمومی زنان مطلقه
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتیمنصوره نیکوگفتار 1 , علیرضا سنگانی 2
1 - استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
2 - گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
کلید واژه: زنان مطلقه, احساس تنهایی, نشخوار فکری, طرح‌واره درمانی, سلامت عمومی,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف تعیین اثربخشی طرح‌واره درمانی بر نشخوار فکری، احساس تنهایی عاطفی اجتماعی و سلامت عمومی زنان مطلقه انجام شده است. روش پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. از بین زنان مطلقه مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز مشاوره شهر ساری 40 نفر به روش در دسترس انتخاب و در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل به روش تصادفی گمارش شدند و به مقیاس احساس تنهایی اجتماعی و عاطفی بزرگسالان (2004)، پرسشنامه سلامت عمومی (1972)؛ مقیاس نشخوار فکری نولن هوکسما و مارو (1991) در پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون پاسخ دادند. گروه آزمایشی بر اساس پروتکل طرح‌واره درمانی یانگ، کلسکو و ویشیر (2003) طی ده جلسه مورد آموزش قرار گرفتند. نتایج یافته‌ها با استفاده از تجزیه‌وتحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیره نشان داد که طرح‌واره درمانی به‌طور معنی‌داری باعث ارتقای سلامت عمومی و کاهش نشخوارفکری و احساس تنهایی زنان مطلقه می‌شود و اضطراب (02/0P=)، اختلال در کارکردهای اجتماعی (001/0P=)، افسردگی (039/0P=)، پاسخ‌های نشخواری (000/0P=)، پاسخ‌های منحرف‌کننده حواس (000/0P=)، تنهایی رمانتیک (000/0)، تنهایی خانوادگی (035/0P=) و تنهایی اجتماعی (007/0P=) در گروه آزمایش که مداخله را دریافت کرده بودند متفاوت از گروه کنترل متفاوت بود. پیشنهاد می‌شود مشاوران و درمانگران برای بازتوانی زنان پس از طلاق در جهت افزایش سلامت عمومی، کاهش نشخوار فکری و روابط اجتماعی تسهیل‌یافته‌تر از قواعد طرح‌واره درمانی استفاده نمایند.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on general health, rumination, and loneliness of divorced women. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. Twelve volunteers who were referred to counseling centers in Sari, were selected by volunteering method. They were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups and assigned to the social and emotional loneliness scale of adults (2004), the general health questionnaire (1972), the scale Nullen Hoeksma and Marrow (1991) rumbled in pre-test and post-test. The experimental group was trained in ten sessions based on the Young Schematic Protocol, Calcesko and Washir (2003). The results of the findings, using multivariate covariance analysis, showed that schema therapy significantly increased general health and reduced rumination and loneliness of divorced women. Anxiety (P=0.02), disruption in social function (P=0.001), depression (P=0.039), rumination responses (P=0/000), distracting responses (P=0/000), romantic loneliness (P=0,000), family loneliness (P=0,035) and social loneliness (P=0.007) in the experimental group receiving the intervention were different from that of the control group. It is recommended that Advisers and therapist’s use of schema therapy rules to rehabilitate women after divorce in order to increase general health, reduce rumination and facilitate social relationships.
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