ارائه چارچوبی برای سنجش میزان بلوغ مدیریت دانش در سازمان‌های عمومی (مورد مطالعه: دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت (گرایش سیستم)الفت گنجی بیدمشک 1 , محمد مهرآیین 2 , کیمیا غفاری 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 - استاد گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 - دکتری گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: شبکۀ عصبی, بلوغ مدیریت دانش, سازمان‌های عمومی, ماتریس تحلیل اهمیت- عملکرد,
چکیده مقاله :
اندازه‌گیری میزان موفقیت اجرای مدیریت دانش به دلیل مزایای بلندمدت و غیرمستقیم آن در سازمان‌های عمومی دشوار است. ازاین‌رو، اندازه‌گیری میزان بلوغ مدیریت دانش به‌عنوان راهکاری برای ارزیابی موفقیت اجرای مدیریت دانش در این سازمان‌ها مطرح می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر بر آن است تا چارچوبی برای سنجش میزان بلوغ مدیریت دانش در سازمان‌های عمومی ارائه دهد. بدین منظور، طی یک فرآیند چهار مرحله‌ای پس از شناسایی ابعاد هفت‌گانۀ بلوغ مدیریت دانش و تأیید آنها به کمک تحلیل عاملی تأییدی از شبکه‌های عصبی مصنوعی برای بررسی میزان اهمیت هر یک از ابعاد استفاده شده است. در ادامه، بر اساس موقعیت هر یک از ابعاد در ماتریس تحلیل اهمیت- عملکرد و بررسی میزان شکاف میان وضعیت موجود و مطلوب هر یک از آنها، سطح بلوغ مدیریت دانش برای هر یک از ابعاد مشخص گردیده است. مطابق با نتایج پژوهش، ابعاد رهبری، فرهنگ سازمانی و فرآیندهای مدیریت دانش در وضعیت مناسبی قرار داشته‌اند، درحالی‌که ابعاد منابع انسانی، ساختار سازمانی و استراتژی مدیریت دانش مستلزم بهبود بوده‌اند. بعد فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات تنها بعدی است که انجام تعدیل فعالیت‌ها در آن ضروری بوده است. همچنین، نتایج نشان داده است که بعد رهبری در سطح بهینه شده، ابعاد فرهنگ سازمانی و فرآیندهای مدیریت دانش هر دو در سطح بهبودیافته و مدیریت شده، بعد منابع انسانی در سطح تعهد، دو بعد ساختار سازمانی و استراتژی مدیریت دانش در سطح استقرار و تمرکز، و در پایان بعد فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در سطح ابتدایی و تک‌نگری از بلوغ مدیریت دانش قرار داشته‌اند.
Measuring the success rate of knowledge management implementation is difficult due to its long-term and indirect benefits in public organizations. Therefore, measuring knowledge management maturity is considered as a way to evaluate the success of knowledge management implementation in these organizations. In this regard, the present study aims to provide a framework for measuring knowledge management maturity in public organizations. To this end, in a four-step process, after identifying the weekly dimensions of knowledge management maturity and confirming them with the help of confirmatory factor analysis, artificial neural networks have been used to assess the importance of each dimension. Then, based on the position of each dimension in the importance-performance analysis matrix and examining the gap between the current and desired status of each of them through the pairwise average comparison test, the level of knowledge management maturity for each dimension is determined. The results revealed that the dimensions of leadership, organizational culture and knowledge management processes are in good condition while the dimensions of human resources, organizational structure and knowledge management strategy need to be improved. The ICT dimension is the only dimension in which it is necessary to adjust activities.
Ajay K.; Jain, A.K. & Jeppesen, H.J. (2013). Knowledge management practices in a public sector organization: the role of leaders' cognitive styles. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(3), 347-362.
Amayah, A.T. (2013). Determinants of knowledge sharing in a public sector organization. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(3), 454-471.
American Productivity & Quality Center. (2008). A knowledge management maturity model: APQC’s stages of implementation. Houston, Texas.
Arling, P.A. & Chun, M.W. (2011). Facilitating new knowledge creation and obtaining KM maturity. Journal of Knowledge Management,15(2),231-250.
Belsis, P.; Kokolakis, S. & Kiountouzis, E. (2005). Information systems security from a knowledge management perspective. Information Management & Computer Security, 13(3), 189-202.
Bhatti, W.A.; Larimo, J. & Carrasco, I. (2016). Strategy’s effect on knowledge sharing in host country network. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 4769-4774.
Bishop, J.; Bouchlaghem, D.; Glass, J. & Matsumoto, I. (2008). Ensuring the effectiveness of a knowledge management initiative. Journal of Knowledge Management, 12(4), 16-29.
Bock, G.W., Zmud, R.W., Kim, Y.G. & Lee, J.N. (2005). Behavioral intention formation in Knowledge Sharing: Examining the Roles of Extrinsic Motivators, social-psychological forces, and Organizational Climate. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 87-111.
Bukowitz, W. & Williams, R., (2000). The knowledge management fieldbook. London: Prentice Hall, 1-320.
Chang, T-H. & Wang, T-C. (2009). Using the fuzzy multi-criteria decision making approach for measuring the possibility of successful knowledge management. Information Sciences, 179(13), 355-370.
Chen, L. & Fong, P.S.W. (2012). Revealing performance heterogeneity through knowledge management maturity evaluation: A capability-based approach. Expert Systems with Applications, 39(18), 13523-13539.
Chen, Y.H.; Lin, T.P. & Yen, D.C. (2014). How to facilitate inter-organizational knowledge sharing: The impact of trust. Information & Management. 51, 568-578.
Chong, C.H.; Salleh, K.; Syed Ahmad, S.N. & Syed Omar Sharifuddin, S.I. (2011). KM implementation in a public sector accounting organization: an empirical investigation. Journal of Knowledge Management,15(3),497-512.
Cong, X.; Li-Hua, R. & Stonehouse, G. (2007). Knowledge management in the Chinese public sector: empirical investigation. Journal of Technology Management in China, 2(3), 250-263.
Dalkir, K., (2011). Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice, United states: Elsevier.
Fullwood, R.; Rowley, J. & Delbridge, R. (2013). Knowledge sharing amongst academics in UK universities. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(1), 123-136.
Galati, F. (2015). At what level is your organization managing knowledge?. Measuring business excellence, 19(2), 57-70.
Girard, J.P. & Mclntyre, S. (2010). Knowledge management modeming in public sector organizations: a case study. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 23(1), 71-77.
He, W.; Qiao, Q. & Wei, K. (2009). Social relationship and its role in knowledge management systems. Information & Management,46(3),178-180.
Hsieh, P.; Lin, B. & Lin, Ch. (2009). The construction and application of knowledge navigator model: An evaluation of knowledge management maturity. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(2), 4087-4100.
Kale, S. & Karaman, E.A. (2011). Evaluating the knowledge management practices of construction firms by using importance-comparative performance analysis maps. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 137(12), 1142-1152.
Kazemi, M. & Allahyari, M. Z. (2010). Defining a knowledge management conceptual model by using MADM. Journal of Knowledge Management, 14(6), 872-890.
Khatibian, N.; Hasan gholoi pour, T. & Abedi Jafari, H. (2010). Measurement of knowledge management maturity level within organizations. Business Strategy Series, 11(1), 54-70.
Kruger, C. & Johnson, R. (2010). Information management as an enabler of knowledge management maturity: A South African perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 30(1), 57-67.
Kruger, C.J. & Johnson, R.D. (2011). Is there a correlation between knowledge management maturity and organizational performance?. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 41(3), 265-295.
Kumar, J.A., & Ganesh, L.S. (2011). Balancing knowledge strategy: codification and personalization during product development. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15(1), 118-135.
Lin, CH.; Wu, J.CH. & Yen, D.C. (2012). Exploring barriers to knowledge flow at different knowledge management maturity stages. Information and Management, 49(1), 10-23.
Lindner, F. & Wald, A. (2011). Success factors of knowledge management in temporary organizations. International journal of project management, 29(7), 877-888.
Martilla, J. A. & James, J.C. (1997). Importance- performance. Journal of Marketing, 41(1), 77-79.
Massaro, M.; Dumay, J. & Garlatti, A. (2015). Public sector knowledge management: A structured literature review. Journal of Knowledge Management, 19(3), 530-558.
Olivia, F.L. (2014). Knowledge management barriers, practices and maturity model. Journal of Knowledge Management, 18(6), 1053-1074.
Ragab, M. & Arisha, A. (2013). Knowledge management and measurement: a critical review. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(6), 873-901.
Riege, A. & Lindsay, N. (2006). Knowledge management in the public sector: stakeholder partnerships in the public policy development. Journal of Knowledge Management, 10(3), 24-39.
Salleh, K.; Chong, C.H.; Syed Ahmad, S.N. & Syed Omar Sharifuddin, S.I. (2012). Learning and knowledge transfer performance among public sector accountants: an empirical survey. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 10(2), 164-174.
Sánchez, A.A.; Marín, G. S. & Morales, A.M. (2015). The mediating effect of strategic human resource practices on knowledge management and firm performance. Revista Europea de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa, 24(3), 138–148.
Sandhu, M.S.; Jain, K.K. & Ahmad, I.U.K. (2011). Knowledge sharing among public sector employees: evidence from Malaysia. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 24(3), 206-226.
Serna, E. (2012). Maturity model of Knowledge Management in the interpretivist perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 32(4), 365-371.
Vanini, U. & Bochert, S. (2014). An empirical Investigation of Maturity Levels in Knowledge Management. The Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management, 12(4), 221-231.
Zhao, J.; Ordonez de Pablos, P. & Qi, Z. (2012). Enterprise knowledge management model based on China’s practice and case study. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2), 324-330.
Wei, C.C.; Choy, C.S. & Yew, W.K. (2009). Is the Malaysian telecommunication industry ready for Knowledge management implementation?. Journal of Knowledge Management, 13(1), 69-87.
_||_Ajay K.; Jain, A.K. & Jeppesen, H.J. (2013). Knowledge management practices in a public sector organization: the role of leaders' cognitive styles. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(3), 347-362.
Amayah, A.T. (2013). Determinants of knowledge sharing in a public sector organization. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(3), 454-471.
American Productivity & Quality Center. (2008). A knowledge management maturity model: APQC’s stages of implementation. Houston, Texas.
Arling, P.A. & Chun, M.W. (2011). Facilitating new knowledge creation and obtaining KM maturity. Journal of Knowledge Management,15(2),231-250.
Belsis, P.; Kokolakis, S. & Kiountouzis, E. (2005). Information systems security from a knowledge management perspective. Information Management & Computer Security, 13(3), 189-202.
Bhatti, W.A.; Larimo, J. & Carrasco, I. (2016). Strategy’s effect on knowledge sharing in host country network. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 4769-4774.
Bishop, J.; Bouchlaghem, D.; Glass, J. & Matsumoto, I. (2008). Ensuring the effectiveness of a knowledge management initiative. Journal of Knowledge Management, 12(4), 16-29.
Bock, G.W., Zmud, R.W., Kim, Y.G. & Lee, J.N. (2005). Behavioral intention formation in Knowledge Sharing: Examining the Roles of Extrinsic Motivators, social-psychological forces, and Organizational Climate. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 87-111.
Bukowitz, W. & Williams, R., (2000). The knowledge management fieldbook. London: Prentice Hall, 1-320.
Chang, T-H. & Wang, T-C. (2009). Using the fuzzy multi-criteria decision making approach for measuring the possibility of successful knowledge management. Information Sciences, 179(13), 355-370.
Chen, L. & Fong, P.S.W. (2012). Revealing performance heterogeneity through knowledge management maturity evaluation: A capability-based approach. Expert Systems with Applications, 39(18), 13523-13539.
Chen, Y.H.; Lin, T.P. & Yen, D.C. (2014). How to facilitate inter-organizational knowledge sharing: The impact of trust. Information & Management. 51, 568-578.
Chong, C.H.; Salleh, K.; Syed Ahmad, S.N. & Syed Omar Sharifuddin, S.I. (2011). KM implementation in a public sector accounting organization: an empirical investigation. Journal of Knowledge Management,15(3),497-512.
Cong, X.; Li-Hua, R. & Stonehouse, G. (2007). Knowledge management in the Chinese public sector: empirical investigation. Journal of Technology Management in China, 2(3), 250-263.
Dalkir, K., (2011). Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice, United states: Elsevier.
Fullwood, R.; Rowley, J. & Delbridge, R. (2013). Knowledge sharing amongst academics in UK universities. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(1), 123-136.
Galati, F. (2015). At what level is your organization managing knowledge?. Measuring business excellence, 19(2), 57-70.
Girard, J.P. & Mclntyre, S. (2010). Knowledge management modeming in public sector organizations: a case study. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 23(1), 71-77.
He, W.; Qiao, Q. & Wei, K. (2009). Social relationship and its role in knowledge management systems. Information & Management,46(3),178-180.
Hsieh, P.; Lin, B. & Lin, Ch. (2009). The construction and application of knowledge navigator model: An evaluation of knowledge management maturity. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(2), 4087-4100.
Kale, S. & Karaman, E.A. (2011). Evaluating the knowledge management practices of construction firms by using importance-comparative performance analysis maps. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 137(12), 1142-1152.
Kazemi, M. & Allahyari, M. Z. (2010). Defining a knowledge management conceptual model by using MADM. Journal of Knowledge Management, 14(6), 872-890.
Khatibian, N.; Hasan gholoi pour, T. & Abedi Jafari, H. (2010). Measurement of knowledge management maturity level within organizations. Business Strategy Series, 11(1), 54-70.
Kruger, C. & Johnson, R. (2010). Information management as an enabler of knowledge management maturity: A South African perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 30(1), 57-67.
Kruger, C.J. & Johnson, R.D. (2011). Is there a correlation between knowledge management maturity and organizational performance?. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 41(3), 265-295.
Kumar, J.A., & Ganesh, L.S. (2011). Balancing knowledge strategy: codification and personalization during product development. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15(1), 118-135.
Lin, CH.; Wu, J.CH. & Yen, D.C. (2012). Exploring barriers to knowledge flow at different knowledge management maturity stages. Information and Management, 49(1), 10-23.
Lindner, F. & Wald, A. (2011). Success factors of knowledge management in temporary organizations. International journal of project management, 29(7), 877-888.
Martilla, J. A. & James, J.C. (1997). Importance- performance. Journal of Marketing, 41(1), 77-79.
Massaro, M.; Dumay, J. & Garlatti, A. (2015). Public sector knowledge management: A structured literature review. Journal of Knowledge Management, 19(3), 530-558.
Olivia, F.L. (2014). Knowledge management barriers, practices and maturity model. Journal of Knowledge Management, 18(6), 1053-1074.
Ragab, M. & Arisha, A. (2013). Knowledge management and measurement: a critical review. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(6), 873-901.
Riege, A. & Lindsay, N. (2006). Knowledge management in the public sector: stakeholder partnerships in the public policy development. Journal of Knowledge Management, 10(3), 24-39.
Salleh, K.; Chong, C.H.; Syed Ahmad, S.N. & Syed Omar Sharifuddin, S.I. (2012). Learning and knowledge transfer performance among public sector accountants: an empirical survey. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 10(2), 164-174.
Sánchez, A.A.; Marín, G. S. & Morales, A.M. (2015). The mediating effect of strategic human resource practices on knowledge management and firm performance. Revista Europea de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa, 24(3), 138–148.
Sandhu, M.S.; Jain, K.K. & Ahmad, I.U.K. (2011). Knowledge sharing among public sector employees: evidence from Malaysia. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 24(3), 206-226.
Serna, E. (2012). Maturity model of Knowledge Management in the interpretivist perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 32(4), 365-371.
Vanini, U. & Bochert, S. (2014). An empirical Investigation of Maturity Levels in Knowledge Management. The Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management, 12(4), 221-231.
Zhao, J.; Ordonez de Pablos, P. & Qi, Z. (2012). Enterprise knowledge management model based on China’s practice and case study. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2), 324-330.
Wei, C.C.; Choy, C.S. & Yew, W.K. (2009). Is the Malaysian telecommunication industry ready for Knowledge management implementation?. Journal of Knowledge Management, 13(1), 69-87.