غربالگری باکتری‌های پساب مزارع پرورش ماهیان خاویاری به‌منظور تصفیه‌میکربی آمونیـاک، نیتریـت و نیتـرات پساب در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی
محورهای موضوعی : میکروب شناسی محیطی
مهران آوخ کیسمی
1
*
,
مسعود ستاری
2
,
حجت الله زمانی
3
,
محسن پور اسدی
4
1 - بخش تحقیقات شیلات و آبزیان، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزي و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزي، رشت، ایران.
2 - گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی ، دانشگاه گیلان.
3 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه ، دانشگاه گیلان
4 - واحد آموزش علوم و صنایع شیلاتی میرزاکوچک خان، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران
کلید واژه: غربالگری, پساب, فلور باکتریایی, فیل‌ماهی.,
چکیده مقاله :
سابقه و هدف: این تحقیق به منظور غربالگری فلور باکتریایی پساب پرورش ماهیان خاویاری به منظور تصفیه آمونیاک ، نیتریت و نیترات پساب انجام گردید.
مواد و روش ها: آزمون فعالیتهای ضدباکتریایی با سه روش انتشار در چاهک، دیسک و روش متقاطع انجام گرفت. همچنین فعالیت ضدباکتریایی تحت تاثير pH ، شوری، دما و زمان های مختلف بررسی گردید. مخلوطی از باکتری‌های غالب جـدا شده در محیط نوترینت براث تهیه شده و سپس عملکرد تصفیه‌کنندگی آن‌ها ، با آزمایش در مقیاس کوچک، (داخل ارلن آزمایشگاهی) و سپس داخل آکواریوم‌های کوچک در شرایط هوادهی و بدون هوادهی در زمانهای 0 6، 12، 15 و 24 ساعت مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفـت.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد چهار باکتری تصفیه‌گر پساب (Bacillus licheniformis، Corynebacterium ammoniagenes، Nitrosomonas europaea و Nitrobacter winogradskyi) فعالیت آنتاگونیستی در مقابل پاتوژنهای ماهی دارند. گونه های کاندید اثر ممانعت‌کنندگی معنی‌داری در برابر پاتوژن در روش انتشار در دیسک با قطر بازدارندگی 20 میلی‌متر نشان دادند. افزودن 10 میلی‌لیتر از گونه های کاندید به آئروموناس جمعیت آن را در 12 ساعت به حداقل رساند. رشد مطلوب و تولید ترکیبات ضد باکتریایی نمونه مورد نظر در 8 pH و دمای 37 و30 درجه سلسیوس دیده شد. نتايج تیمار غلظتهای مختلف آمونیـاک نیتریـت و نیتـرات آب ارلن و آکواریوم با غلظتهای مختلف گونه های کاندید در 24 ساعت نشان داد بين كيفيت آب گروه‌هاي تيمار و شاهد اختلاف معني‌دارآماري وجود دارد.
نتیجه گیری: بر این‌اساس گونه های کاندید بدست‌آمده می‌تواند در تصفیه پساب مزارع پرورش‌خاویاری به‌کار گرفته شود.
Background and Objective: This study was conducted to screen the bacterial flora of sturgeon aquaculture wastewater for the purpose of treating ammonia, nitrite and nitrate in wastewater.
Materials and Methods: Antibacterial activity tests were performed using three methods: well diffusion, disc and cross-streak method. Antibacterial activity was also investigated under the influence of different pH, salinity, temperature and time. A mixture of dominant bacteria isolated in nutrient broth medium was prepared and then their purification performance was evaluated by small-scale experiments (inside a laboratory Erlenmeyer flask) and then inside small aquariums under aerated and non-aerated conditions at times 0, 6, 12, 15 and 24 hours.
Results: The results showed that four wastewater isolated bacteria (Bacillus licheniformis, Corynebacterium ammoniagenes, Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter winogradskyi) have antagonistic activity against fish pathogens. The candidate species showed significant inhibitory effect against the pathogen in the disk diffusion method with a 20 mm inhibition zone diameter. Adding 10 ml of the candidate species to Aeromonas minimized its population in 12 hours. Optimal growth and production of antibacterial compounds were observed at pH 8 and temperatures of 37 and 30 degrees Celsius. The results of treatment of different concentrations of ammonia nitrite and nitrate in Erlenmeyer and aquarium water with different concentrations of the candidate species for 24 hours showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the water quality of the treatment groups and the control.
Conclusion: Accordingly, the candidate species obtained can be used in the treatment of wastewater from sturgeon farms.
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