بررسی عوامل موثر بر تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی در میان اعضای شوراهای اسلامی روستایی شهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی :
مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران
سمیه خسروی
1
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
مهرداد نیک نامی
2
(استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران)
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/12/22
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/12/22
تاریخ انتشار : 1396/09/01
کلید واژه:
سرمایه اجتماعی,
شوراهای اسلامی روستا,
توسعه روستایی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این تحقیق شناسایی عوامل موثر بر تقویت سرمایه های اجتماعی در میان اعضای شوراهای اسلامی بود. این تحقیق کاربردی بوده و از لحاظ نحوه گردآوری داده ها، جزء پژوهش های غیرآزمایشی می باشد و از دسته تحقیقات علی- ارتباطی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل اعضای شوراهای اسلامی روستاها در استان تهران بود که تعداد آنها حدود 3588 نفر است، که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 143 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شد. ابزار اصلی جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن توسط پانلی از متخصصان و پایایی آن با محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای بخش های مختلف احراز گردید. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که 5/24 درصد پاسخگویان در سطح بالایی از نظر سرمایه اجتماعی قرار دارند و 8/74 درصد نیز در سطح متوسطی از نظر سرمایه اجتماعی قرار گرفتند. بین سن، سابقه عضویت، منزلت اجتماعی و میزان آگاهی از شوراهای اسلامی و سرمایه اجتماعی رابطه مثبت و معنی داری وجود دارد. بررسی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر سرمایه های اجتماعی در شوراهای اسلامی روستا، نشان داد که چهار متغیر آگاهی از شوراهای اسلامی روستا، نگرش به شورا، عضویت در شورا و منزلت اجتماعی در مجموع 7/51 درصد از تغییرات مربوط به متغییر وابسته تحقیق را تبیین می نمایند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The purpose of this present was identify the factors affecting social capital Islamic council members. It was a non-experimental, causative and applied study. The statistical population included members of rural Islamic councils of Tehran (3588 people). The sample size was determined 143 using Cochran formula. The main data gathering tools was questionnaire. The questionnaire validity was evaluated using specialists panel and its reliability was also evaluated by computing Cronach coefficient for its different sections. As the research findings revealed, 24.5% of the sample was at a high level in terms of social capital and 74.8% of the sample was at an age, membership background, social dignity, and awareness of rural Islamic councils, attitude towards council, membership in council, and social dignity determine totally 51.7% of the variation related to the research dependent variable.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Kawachi, I., B.P. Kennedy, K. Lochner, D. Prothrow-Stith, 1997. Social capital, income inequality, and mortality. American Journal of Public Health, 87: 1491-1498.
Krause, D.R., R.B. Handfield, B.T. Beverly, 2006. The relationships between supplier development, commitment, social capital accumulation and performance improvement, Journal of Operations Management, 25(2): 528-545.
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Nategh Pour, P. and A. Firouz Abadi, 2006. Social capital formation and meta-analysis of its factors affecting, social sciences faculty of Tehran University seasonal, 28: 160-190.
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Safari Shali, R., 2001. Investigating the performance of agricultural and poultry cooperative companies in Tehran. MA thesis, agriculture faculty of Isfahan industrial University.
Sano, Y., 2008. The role of social capital in a common property resource system in coastal areas: A case study of community-based coastal resource management in Fiji. SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin, pp: 19-32.
Shabanali Fami, H., F. Dadvarkhani, Choubchian, Sh. and F. Rostami, 2008. An analysis of economic factors affecting the performance of women`s cooperation in Iran. Human geography researches. The 4th year, 66: 117-131.
Tajbakhsh, K., 2005. Social capital, trust, democracy and development. Trans. Khakbaz, A. and Pouyan, H. the 1st edition, Shiraze publication.
Vaziri Rad, V., H. Zeraei Matin and Jandaghi, Gh. 2008. Investigating the relation between social capital and organizational learning capacity development (a case study of agriculture organization of Qom). MA thesis, management faculty, Pardis Qom, Tehran University.
Vosoughi, M. and A. Faraji, 2006. A sociological study on the factors affecting farmers` tendency to participate in integrating farming lands, Iranian rural sociology of magazine, the 7th year, 101-118.
Winter, L., 2000. Toward a network sociality, theory, culture and society, 18(6): 51-76.
Woodhouse, A., 2006. Social capital and economic development in regional Australia: A case study. Journal of Rural Studies, 22: 83-94.
Woolcoch, M., D. Marayan, 1999. Social Capital Implication for Development theory, Research and Policy, Work Bank research observer, 15(2).
World Bank, 2005. Linking Small-scale Producers to Markets: Old and New Challenges.
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Ahmadi Firouzjani, A., H. Sedighi and M. Mohamadi, 2006. Comparing the components of farmers` social capitals that are/are not member in rural production cooperatives. Social welfare research seasonal, the 6th year, 23: 93-111.
Akbari, A., 2004. The role of social capital in participation: investigating the effect of social capital in political-social participation (a case study in Farsanj, Saghez), MA thesis, social sciences faculty of Tehran University.
Amini, F., 1999. An investigation of nongovernmental organizations to attract public participation to preserve environment, MA thesis, Tehran University.
Amiri, M. and T. Rahmani, 2006. A review on inter-group and intra-group social capital works in economic growth of Iran’s provinces, economic research seasonal, the 3rs year, and 6: 11-152.
Asman, K., N. Uphoff, 1999. Mapping and Measuring Social Capital :A conceptual and Empirical Study of Collective Action for Conserving and Developing Watersheds in Rajasthan, India Social Capital Inactive working paper no.13,Washington D.C, World Bank.
Aspin, L., 2004. Social capital and productivity: how might training affect a company's social capital? Does the literature indicate how this might happen, and whether we might expect a significant impact on productivity? Can these effects be measured? (London, King's College), pp: 1-34.
Azkia, M. and Ghafari, Gh. 2007. Rural development with a focus on Iranian rural society, the 2nd edition, Tehran, Ney publication, 277-313.
Flora, B.C., 1999. Building social capital, northcentral regional center for rural development, Iowa state university. Available online: http://www.ncrcrd.iastate.edu
Ghanei Rad, M. and F. Hoseini, 2005. Values, relations and participations network in on governmental organizations, 11: 97-123.
Glaeser, E., D. Laibson, B. Sacerdote, 2000. The economic Approach to Social Capital, NBER working Paper, camberidge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, No. 7728.
Godquin, M., A.R. Quisumbinge. 2005. Groups, networks, and social capital in rural Philippine Communities, International Res arch Workshop on ‘Gender and Collective Action, October 2005, Chiang Mai, Thailand, pp: 1-40.
Golabi, F. 2004. The role of social trust in development with a focus on Islamic council's performance (a case study in eastern Azerbayjan), MA thesis, social sciences faculty of Tehran University.
Grootaert, C., T. Van Bastelaer, 2002. The Role of Social Capital in Development: An Empirical Assessment, New York: Cambridge University Press.
International Labor Office (ILO), 2000. Promotion of cooperatives job creation in small and medium sized enterprises Fifth item on the Agenda, International Labor Conference 89th Session 2001 Report V. (1), Geneva First published, Printed in Switzerland.
Johnson, N., R. Suarez, M. Lundy, 2002. The importance of social capital in Colombian rural agro enterprises, Contributed paper selected for presentation at the 25th International Conference of Agricultural Economists, August 16-22, 2002, Durban, South Africa.
Kawachi, I., B.P. Kennedy, K. Lochner, D. Prothrow-Stith, 1997. Social capital, income inequality, and mortality. American Journal of Public Health, 87: 1491-1498.
Krause, D.R., R.B. Handfield, B.T. Beverly, 2006. The relationships between supplier development, commitment, social capital accumulation and performance improvement, Journal of Operations Management, 25(2): 528-545.
Lock Lee, L., 2005. Knowledge management tool and techniques, Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann.
Mousavi Khamene, M., 2003. Social capital and social way (civil consequences of social capitals in schools). MA dissertation, social sciences faculty of Tehran University.
Nategh Pour, P. and A. Firouz Abadi, 2006. Social capital formation and meta-analysis of its factors affecting, social sciences faculty of Tehran University seasonal, 28: 160-190.
Offe, C., S. Fuchs, 2002. A Decline of Social Capital? The German Case, Published in Putnam, Robert d, and Democracy in Flux: The evolution of social Capital in Contemporary Society, New York: Oxford University press.
Rasouli, M., 1997. Global commerce in urban old texture reconstruction, article collection of urban textures, housing and urbanization ministry, the first edition.
Rezvani, M. and A. Ahmadi, 2009. Investigation of Islamic councils` performance in rural development (a case study in Hakim Abad, Zarandie). Urban management seasonal, 24: 27-36.
Rostam Poure, Mohamadi B. Yegane and H. Heydari, 2010. Investigating the performance of rural Islamic councils and the effect of members` education in it (a case study in Deyr city). Urban management, 26: 181-190
Sabatini, F., 2005. Does social capital improve labor productivity in small and medium enterprises, forthcoming international journal of management and decision making, December, pp: 1-29.
Safari Shali, R., 2001. Investigating the performance of agricultural and poultry cooperative companies in Tehran. MA thesis, agriculture faculty of Isfahan industrial University.
Sano, Y., 2008. The role of social capital in a common property resource system in coastal areas: A case study of community-based coastal resource management in Fiji. SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin, pp: 19-32.
Shabanali Fami, H., F. Dadvarkhani, Choubchian, Sh. and F. Rostami, 2008. An analysis of economic factors affecting the performance of women`s cooperation in Iran. Human geography researches. The 4th year, 66: 117-131.
Tajbakhsh, K., 2005. Social capital, trust, democracy and development. Trans. Khakbaz, A. and Pouyan, H. the 1st edition, Shiraze publication.
Vaziri Rad, V., H. Zeraei Matin and Jandaghi, Gh. 2008. Investigating the relation between social capital and organizational learning capacity development (a case study of agriculture organization of Qom). MA thesis, management faculty, Pardis Qom, Tehran University.
Vosoughi, M. and A. Faraji, 2006. A sociological study on the factors affecting farmers` tendency to participate in integrating farming lands, Iranian rural sociology of magazine, the 7th year, 101-118.
Winter, L., 2000. Toward a network sociality, theory, culture and society, 18(6): 51-76.
Woodhouse, A., 2006. Social capital and economic development in regional Australia: A case study. Journal of Rural Studies, 22: 83-94.
Woolcoch, M., D. Marayan, 1999. Social Capital Implication for Development theory, Research and Policy, Work Bank research observer, 15(2).
World Bank, 2005. Linking Small-scale Producers to Markets: Old and New Challenges.
