راهبردهای کلام امیرالمومنین(علیه السلام) در تعلیم و تربیت با رویکرد فقه حکومتی
محورهای موضوعی : تعلیم و تربیت
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بابل
2 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بابل، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی
کلید واژه: فقه, فقه حکومتی, تعلیم, تربیت, امام علی علیه السلام,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه و هدف: ﻓﻘﻪ حکومتی به مثابه رویکرد و یک نظریه درﺑﺎرة روش اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط احکام فقهاست، که در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ روش و رویکرد ﻓﺮدي اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط احکام ﻗﺮار می¬گیرد فقه حکومتی نگرشی کل¬نگر و ﻧﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم اﺑﻮاب ﻓﻘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ازاﯾﻦرو،گستردگی که در ﻓﻘﻪ حکومتی بحث می¬شود، ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. فقه حکومتی در مواجهه با چالش-های عصر حاضر نیازمند تبیین دقیق مبانی خویش است تا بتواند کارآمدی خود را در عرصه¬ها و ابعاد متفاوتی همچون تعلیم و تربیت به اثبات برساند. بر طبق قوانین فقه اسلامی هیچ فردی حق حاکمیت مطلقه برای برپایی قوانین الهی را جز خداوند ندارد، که خداوند این حق را با نصب خلیفه و جانشین به انسان¬های برگزیده واگذار می¬کند. بنابراین تعلیم و تربیت دارای یک نظام طولی است که در رأس آن خداوند، سپس پیامبر و بعد از او امامان قرار دارند. هدف اصلی این تحقیق بررسی راهبردهای کلام حضرت علی(ع) در تعلیم و تربیت بر اساس نگرش فقه حکومتی و بررسی اصول، روش و غایات تعلیم و تربیت در کلام آن بزرگوار می¬باشد. روش شناسی پژوهش: این پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی است. و با استفاده از ابزار کتابخانه¬ای انجام گرفته شده است. یافته¬ها: حضرت علی(ع) در خطبه 34 به چهار حقی که مردم بر حکومت دارند، هدایت گرایی عموم مردم، تعهد حکومت بر تامین رفاه مردم، تعلیم و تربیت بصورت فراگیر، تادیب برای استواری در عمل اشاره نموده است. بحث و نتیجه¬گیری: برآیند پژوهش حاضر از کلام امیرالمومنین(ع) این است، که رابطه حکومت و مردم یک رابطه متقابل در امر تعلیم و تربیت و شیوه حکمرانی است.
Introduction: Governmental jurisprudence is an approach and a theory about the method of deriving the rulings of jurisprudence, which is opposed to the individual approach and method of deriving rulings. Therefore, the extent that is discussed in government jurisprudence will be all the issues of jurisprudence. Government jurisprudence, facing the challenges of the present age, needs a detailed explanation of its foundations so that it can prove its effectiveness in different fields and dimensions such as education. According to the laws of Islamic jurisprudence, no one has the absolute right to establish divine laws except God, and God leaves this right to the chosen people by appointing a caliph and successor. Therefore, education has a longitudinal system, at the head of which is God, then the Prophet, and after him the imams. The main purpose of this research is to examine the strategies of the words of Hazrat Ali (a.s.) in education and training based on the perspective of government jurisprudence and to examine the principles, methods and goals of education and training in the words of that noble. research methodology: The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical. And it has been done using library tools. Findings: In his 34th sermon, Hazrat Ali (AS) mentioned four rights that people have over the government: the guidance of the general public, the commitment of the government to ensure the welfare of the people, education in a comprehensive manner, and discipline for steadfastness in practice. Conclusion: The result of the present research from the words of Amir al-Mu'minin (AS) is that the relationship between the government and the people is a mutual relationship in education and the way of governance.
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