تحلیل فضایی شاخص‌های شهر سالم در سکونت‌گاه‌های شهری (مطالعه موردی: استان اردبیل)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیست
حسین نظم فر
1
(
دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران. (مسوول مکاتبات)
)
علی عشقی چهاربرج
2
(
دانش‌آموخته دکتری جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
)
سعیده علوی
3
(
دکتری جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
)
ثریا عشقی
4
(
کارشناسی ارشد آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران.
)
کلید واژه: شهر سالم, تحلیل فضایی, استان اردبیل, TOPSIS و ANP,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: به دنبال رشد و گسترش بی رویه شهرها، رویکردهای متعددی برای تأمین وضعیت مطلوب زندگی برای نسل‌های امروز و آینده مطرح شد که یکی از این رویکردهای مهم، رویکرد شهر سالم است؛ اما ارزیابی این که چه شهری سالم است یا این که در مقابل سایر شهرها در چه سطحی از سلامت قرار دارد، هنوز مساله‌ای پیچیده و مبهم می باشد. روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل فضایی وضعیت شاخص‌های شهر سالم در سکونت گاه‌های شهری استان اردبیل، انجام شده است و شهرستان‌های استان اردبیل بر اساس 42 معیار از شاخص‌های شهر سالم رتبه‌بندی و سطح‌بندی شده‌اند. در این پژوهش وزن معیارهای شهر سالم با روش فرایند تحلیل شبکه‌ای(ANP) تعیین‌شده سپس به‌منظور ارزیابی سکونت گاه‌های شهری، از مدل تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیارهTOPSIS استفاده گردید. یافته‌ها: تحلیل فضایی وضعیت شاخص‌های شهر سالم در سکونت گاه‌های شهری استان اردبیل، حاکی از آن است که شهرستان‌های کوثر، نمین و سرعین به‌عنوان شهرستان‌های برخوردار ، شهرستان‌های خلخال، نیر، گرمی و بیله سوار نیمه برخوردار و شهرستان‌های مشگین‌شهر، پارس‌آباد و اردبیل کم برخوردار می‌باشند. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج بررسی نشان می‌دهد رابطه معنی‌داری بین جمعیت و رتبه هر شهرستان وجود دارد به‌طوری‌که شهرستان‌های پارس‌آباد، مشگین‌شهر و اردبیل که پرجمعیت‌ترین شهرستان‌های استان می‌باشند در دامنه کم برخوردار از شاخص‌های شهر سالم قرارگرفته‌اند. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش به‌صورت فضایی در محیط GIS ترسیم‌شده است.
Background and Objective: Following the uncontrolled growth of cities, several approaches were raised to provide favorable conditions of life for present and future generations. One of the major approaches is a healthy city approach; however, to find out which city is healthy and what level of health it bears as compared to other cities is yet complex and ambiguous. Method: This study aimed to analyze the indicators of a healthy city in urban settlements of Ardabil province. Ardabil city was ranked based on on 42 criteria for health indicators. In this study it is attempted to measure the weight of a healthy city by network analysis process (ANP. TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making models were also used to evaluate urban settlements. Findings: Spatial analysis of health indicators in urban settlements of Ardabil province, stating that Kowsar, Sarein, and Namin townships are developed, Kalkal Township is partially deprived and Bilesuar, Meshkin Shahr, Ardabil and Pars Abad townships are deprived. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show a significant relationship between the population and ranking of each city, so that Pars Abad, Meshkin Shahr and Ardabil are the most populous townships of the province and ranged as less provilaged interms of healthy city indicators. The results of the study area mapped in the GIS environment.
Reference
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26- Edris, A. (2003). Promoting quality of life through participation in healthy cities programme. pertanika J. Soc. Sci& hum ,p 166.
27- Bahraini, Hossein. (1996). The project of healthy cities of the World Health Organization and the necessity of its effective implementation in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Journal of Environmental Studies, No. 17, pp. 4- 15. (In Persian).
28- Hancock, T & Duhl, L. (1986), Healthy Cities: Promoting Health in the Urban Context. Copenhagen, Denmark: FADL Publishers, World Health Organization Healthy Cities Paper No. 1.
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Reference
1- Gadimi, Mostaf. Diasalar, Asadollah and Gholamian, Mohammad. (2010). Comparative Study of Healthy City Indicators on National and International Scales (Case Study: Urban Spaces of Iran and Developed Countries), Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of Geographers of the Islamic World, Zahedan. (In Persian).
2- Han, Ji. Yoshitsugu, Hayashi. Xin, Cao, Hidefumi, Imuran (2009) «Application of an integrated system dynamics and cellular automata model for urban growth assessment: A case study of Shanghai, China». Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning, pp 133- 141.
3- Hedblom, Marcus. Bo Soderstrom (2008) «Woodlands across Swedish urban gradients: Status, structure and management implications» Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning, pp 62-73.
4- 4-Catalan, Bibiana. David, Saur. Pere, Serra (2008) «Urban sprawl in the Mediterranean? Patterns of growth and change in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region “1993–2000” Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning, pp 174 -184.
5- Schouten, M.A. and Mathenge, R.W (2010) «Communal sanitation alternatives for slums: A case study of Kibera, Kenya» Journal of Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, pp. 815-822.
6- Ortega- Alvareza R., MacGregot—Fors I (2011) «Dsting-off the file: A review of knowledge on urban ornithology in Latin America» Journal of landscape and Urban Planning, pp.1-10.
7- Thompson, Susan (2007) Health planning Forum, presented by premier’s Council for Active Living for PIA, UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scintific and Cultural Organization) Institute for Statistics. http://www.unesco.org.
8- Amerysiahuei, Hamid Reza. Rostamgurani. Abraham and Birannandzadeh. Maryam. (2010). Informal settlements, security and sustainable urban development (case study: Bandar Abbas city), Journal of Social Studies, (24), pp. 37-60. (In Persian).
9- Oliver, Paul. A (2008), City Leadership: At the Heart of the Global Challenge, GLOBAL ASIA, Vol. 3, No. 3, and pp. 21-24.
10- Baska, Mehdi. Ageli, Latitude and Masaeli, Arashk. (2010). Ranking of Quality of Life Indicators in Provinces of the Country, Journal of Social Welfare Research, pp. 33-36. (In Persian).
11- Sheikhi, Mohammad Taghi. (1999). New Approaches to Managing a Healthy City (Analyzing Sociological Perspectives), First Conference on Sustainable Development Management in Urban Areas, Tabriz University, pp. 111-121. (In Persian).
12- Dooris, M. (1999), Healthy cities and local Agenda 21: The UK experience – challenges for the new millennium, Health Promotion International, Oxford University, Vol 14, No4: pp365-375.
13- Services, department of health& human. )2000), New York, United Nations Division for Sustainable Development, updated 20 March 2000 (accessed 30 May2005). p1.
14- Zarabi, Asghar. Gadami, Mostafa and Kanaani, Mohammad Reza. (2012). Evaluation of Urban Residential with a Healthy City Approach in Mazandaran Province, Journal of Social Welfare, Vol. 12, No. 47, pp. 131-151. (In Persian).
15- Tracada, Eleni & Caperna, Antonio. (2012), Biourbanism for a Healthy city(Biophilia and sustainable urban theories and practices) Department of Urban Study - TIPUS Lab, Rome Tre University ,Rome, Italy.
16- Webster, Premil. & Sanderson, Denise., (2012), Healthy Cities Indicators—A Suitable Instrument to Measure Health? Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine.
17- Whittingham, Neil, (2013) ، Towards the Healthy City: An urban planner's reflection on health and wellbeing, GBER Vol .8 Issue. 2 pp 61 – 87.
18- Tayyban, Manuchehr. (1997). Evaluation of the Healthy City Project in Iran (Case Study: Kavī 13th Aban), Journal of Environmental Studies (20): p. 61-74. (In Persian).
19- Kiali, Hadi. (2002). Evaluation of the Healthy City Approach (Case Study: City Ray), Master's Thesis for Urban Planning, Urban and Regional Planning Orientation, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University. (In Persian).
20- Parhezgar, Akbar. Hafeznia, Mohammad Reza. Taherkhani, Mehdi and Farhadi, Roodabeh. (2007). Evaluation of the Healthy City Project (Case Study: Kaveh 13th Aban), Journal of Humanities, (15), pp. 11-23. (In Persian).
21- Gadimi, Mostafa and Pezhown, Musa. (2011). Spatial Analysis of Healthy City Indices by Fuzzy C-Way Means and Topsis Model (A case study of urban areas of Mazandaran province), Journal of Urban Planning and Research, Second year, No 6, Autumn, 2011, Pages 35-54. (In Persian).
22- Gadimi, Mostafa and Motamed, Samaneh. (2013). Quality of Life in Small Towns with Emphasis on the Dimension of Individual and Social Health of the City of Mazandaran Province, Geography and Environmental Planning, 24 (1), pp. 33-50. (In Persian).
23- Rahnmair, Mohammad Raheem. Afshar, Zahra and Hassanrazavi, Mohammad. (2011). Analysis of Healthy City Indices (Case Study: Baharestan, Mashhad), Third Conference on Urban Planning and Management, Mashhad. (In Persian)
24- Zarabi, Asghar and Qanbari, Mohammad. (2010). Health City, Geographical and Social Sciences Research Center, Sabzevar University of Educational Sciences, p. 5. (In Persian).
25- Lotfi, Sedigheh. Mehdi, Ali and Mehdianbehnamiri, Masoumeh. (2012). Evaluation of Healthy City Indicators in the Second District of Qom, The Journal of Socio-Cultural Development Studies, First Year, No. 2, pp. 76-99. (In Persian).
26- Edris, A. (2003). Promoting quality of life through participation in healthy cities programme. pertanika J. Soc. Sci& hum ,p 166.
27- Bahraini, Hossein. (1996). The project of healthy cities of the World Health Organization and the necessity of its effective implementation in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Journal of Environmental Studies, No. 17, pp. 4- 15. (In Persian).
28- Hancock, T & Duhl, L. (1986), Healthy Cities: Promoting Health in the Urban Context. Copenhagen, Denmark: FADL Publishers, World Health Organization Healthy Cities Paper No. 1.
29- Lee, J., and Hie Kim, S. (2001). An integrated approach for interdependent information system project selection. Project Management. p 11.
30- García-Melón, M., J Ferrís-Oñate, J Aznar-Bellver, P Aragonés-Beltrá, (2008) Farmland appraisal based on the analytic network process, Journal of Global Optimization42(2), 155..143.
31- Leeuw, E. (2009). “Evidence for healthy cities: reflection on practice, method and theory”. Health promotion international. p1.
32- World health report (2007): a safer future: global public health security in the 21st century. World Health Organizatin, 2007.
33- Farajishakbar, Hasanali. Badri, Seyed Ali. Motielangroodi, Sayed Hassan and Sharafi, Hojjatallah. (2010). Estimation of Rural Stability Stability Based on Network Analysis Model Using Brda Technique (Case Study: Rural Areas of Fasa County), Human Geography Research, No. 79, pp. 135-156. (In Persian).
34- Towards a Healthy City for All: Update on A Healthy City Strategy for the City of Vancouver, Presentation to Vancouver City Council, 10th July (2013).
35- Statistical Journal of Ardabil Province, 2012. (In Persian).
36- Momeni, Mansour and Sharifisalim, Alireza. (2011). Multisectoral decision making models and software, First edition, Publishers, Tehran. (In Persian).