امکان‌سنجی بازیابی روی موجود در کیک (پسماند) تصفیه گرم به‌عنوان راهکاری عملی جهت رفع مشکلات زیست محیطی در صنعت روی
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت پسماند
مهدی حسینی
1
,
کیوان شایسته
2
,
وحید وحید فرد
3
,
پوریا عباسی
4
1 - استادیار شیمی تجزیه، گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آیت ا...بروجردی، بروجرد، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استادیار مهندسی شیمی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی شیمی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
4 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی شیمی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1397/10/22
تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/03/01
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/07/01
کلید واژه:
تولید روی,
کیک تصفیه گرم,
حل مشکلات زیست-محیطی,
روش سمنتاسیون,
حذف کبالت,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: کیک حاصل از تصفیه گرم کارخانجات تولید روی تقریبا حاوی 16 تا 24% روی و سایر فلزات مضر مانند کبالت می باشد که رهاسازی آن در محیط زیست می تواند اثرات زیان باری را بوجود آورد. این آلودگی ها به عنوان یکی از دغدغه های اصلی این صنعت مطرح می با شد، فلذا هدف از این کار حذف ناخالصی کبالت با روش سمنتاسیون و استفاده مجدد از روی بازیابی شده می باشد.
روش بررسی: کار شامل سه مرحله لیچینگ کیک، بهینه سازی پارامترهای موثر بر فرآیند به روش سطح پاسخ (RSM) و حذف ناخالصی کبالت می باشد. با استفاده از RSM آزمایشات لازم طراحی و در نهایت شرایط بهینه تعیین شدند.
یافته ها: با استفاده از نرم افزار دیزاین اکسپرت (DOE) پارامترهای دما، غلظت پودر روی، زمان ماند و غلظت افزودنی آنتیموان تری اکسید بررسی شد. طبق نتایج حاصله، بیشترین تاثیرگذاری به ترتیب متعلق به مقدار پودر روی، دما، زمان و غلظت افزودنی می باشد. شرایط بهینه برای حذف کبالت شامل دمای 84 درجه سانتی گراد، غلظت 74/12 گرم بر لیتر از پودر روی، زمان ماند 118 دقیقه و غلظت 28/22 میلی گرم بر لیتر از افزودنی حاصل شد. تحت این شرایط، میزان ناخالصی کبالت به حد مجاز برای فرآیند الکترولیز می رسد و می توان از محلول حاصله، روی استحصال کرد.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: با استفاده از روش سمنتاسیون حدود 75% روی موجود در کیک استحصال و ناخالصی کبالت حذف و در نهایت محلول روی حاصله به چرخه تولید روی بازگردانده می شود. بنابراین علاوه بر حل بخشی از مشکلات زیست محیطی ناشی از کیک، بازیابی روی و کبالت از نظر اقتصادی دارای اهمیت می باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Cake from hot-filtrate of zinc production industries containing about 16-24% of zinc and harmful metals such as cobalt, which it releases to environment caused to the harmful effects. These pollutions are one of the main concerns of this industry so the goal of present work is cobalt impurity cementation method and reuse of zinc recovery.
Material and Methodology: The work is containing three steps leaching of hot-filtrate cake, optimization of affective parameters on process using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and removal of cobalt impurity. Using RSM necessary experiments was designed and finally optimum conditions were determined.
Finding: Using Design of Expert (DOE) software parameters such as temperature, zinc powder amount, contact time and additive concentration of antimony trioxide were evaluated. Based on the obtained results, the most impressive are belonged to zinc powder amount, temperature, time and additive concentration, respectively. Optimum conditions for cobalt removal containing temperature of 84 C°, concentration of 12.74 g L-1 for zinc powder, contact time of 118 min and concentration of 22.28 mg L-1 were obtained. At these conditions, cobalt impurity amount is reached to the allowed limit for electrolysis process and can be recovery of zinc from obtained solution.
Discussion & Conclusion: Using cementation method about 75% of zinc in cake was recovery and cobalt impurity was removed and finally, obtained zinc solution was conducted to the zinc production route. Furthermore, addition of dissolving environmental problems from cake, recovery of zinc and cobalt from the point of economical was important.
منابع و مأخذ:
Selim, H. M., Amacher, M. C. Reactivity and transport of heavy metals in soils. CRC Press.
Hooda, P. 2010. Trace elements in soils. John Wiley & Sons.
Nikolaidis, C., and et al. 2010. Heavy metal pollution associated with an abandoned lead–zinc mine in the Kirki Region, NE Greece. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, Vol. 85, pp. 307-312.
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Moradi, S., Zn. 2005, Tehran: Iran University of Science & Technology.
Safarzadeh, M. S., and et al., 2011. Reductive leaching of cobalt from zinc plant purification residues. Hydrometallurgy, Vol.106, pp. 51-57.
Fattahi, A., Rashchi, F., Abkhoshk, E. 2016. Reductive leaching of zinc, cobalt and manganese from zinc plant residue. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 161, pp. 185-192.
Bruins, M. R., Kapil, S., Oehme, F.W., Microbial resistance to metals in the environment. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, Vol. 45, pp. 198-207.
Friedrich, B., Kruger, J., Mendez-Bernal, G. 2002. Alternative solution purification in the hydrometallurgical zinc production. Metalurgija, Vol. 8, pp. 85-101.
Makhloufi , , and et al.1998. Cementation of Ni2+ ions from acidic sulfate solutions onto a rotating zinc disc. Electrochimica acta, Vol. 43, pp. 3159-3164.
Tozawa, K., and et al. 1992. Comparison between purification processes for zinc leach solutions with arsenic and antimony trioxides. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 30, pp. 445-461.
Nelson, A., and et al. 2000. The removal of cobalt from zinc electrolyte by cementation: a critical review.
Yang, D., and et al. 2006. Mechanism of cobalt removal from zinc sulfate solutions in the presence of cadmium. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 81, pp. 62-66.
Van der Pas, V. 1995. A fundamental study of cobalt cementation with zinc dust in the presence of copper and antimony additives. University of British Columbia.
Dreher, T. M., and et al. 2001. The kinetics of cobalt removal by cementation from an industrial zinc electrolyte in the presence of Cu, Cd, Pb, Sb and Sn additives. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 60, pp. 105-116.
Boyanov, B., Konareva, V., Kolev, N. Removal of cobalt and nickel from zinc sulphate solutions using activated cementation. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, Vol. 40, pp. 41-55.
Boyanov, B. S., Konareva, V.V. Kolev, N. K. 2004. Purification of zinc sulfate solutions from cobalt and nickel through activated cementation. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 73, pp. 163-168.
Lu, J., Dreisinger, D., Cooper, W. 1997. Cobalt precipitation by reduction with sodium borohydride. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 45, pp. 305-322.
Nelson, A., 1998. Novel activators in cobalt removal from zinc electrolyte by cementation, McGill University Montreal, PQ.
Raghavan, R., Mohanan, P., Verma, S. 1999. Modified zinc sulphate solution purification technique to obtain low levels of cobalt for the zinc electrowinning process. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 51, pp. 187-206.
Nelson, A., Demopoulos, G., Houlachi, G. 2000. The effect of solution constituents and novel activators on cobalt cementation. Canadian metallurgical quarterly, Vol. 39, pp. 175-186.
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Selim, H. M., Amacher, M. C. Reactivity and transport of heavy metals in soils. CRC Press.
Hooda, P. 2010. Trace elements in soils. John Wiley & Sons.
Nikolaidis, C., and et al. 2010. Heavy metal pollution associated with an abandoned lead–zinc mine in the Kirki Region, NE Greece. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, Vol. 85, pp. 307-312.
Lew, R. W., 1994. The removal of cobalt from zinc sulphate electrolytes using the copper-antimoney process. University of British Columbia.
Moradi, S., Zn. 2005, Tehran: Iran University of Science & Technology.
Safarzadeh, M. S., and et al., 2011. Reductive leaching of cobalt from zinc plant purification residues. Hydrometallurgy, Vol.106, pp. 51-57.
Fattahi, A., Rashchi, F., Abkhoshk, E. 2016. Reductive leaching of zinc, cobalt and manganese from zinc plant residue. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 161, pp. 185-192.
Bruins, M. R., Kapil, S., Oehme, F.W., Microbial resistance to metals in the environment. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, Vol. 45, pp. 198-207.
Friedrich, B., Kruger, J., Mendez-Bernal, G. 2002. Alternative solution purification in the hydrometallurgical zinc production. Metalurgija, Vol. 8, pp. 85-101.
Makhloufi , , and et al.1998. Cementation of Ni2+ ions from acidic sulfate solutions onto a rotating zinc disc. Electrochimica acta, Vol. 43, pp. 3159-3164.
Tozawa, K., and et al. 1992. Comparison between purification processes for zinc leach solutions with arsenic and antimony trioxides. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 30, pp. 445-461.
Nelson, A., and et al. 2000. The removal of cobalt from zinc electrolyte by cementation: a critical review.
Yang, D., and et al. 2006. Mechanism of cobalt removal from zinc sulfate solutions in the presence of cadmium. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 81, pp. 62-66.
Van der Pas, V. 1995. A fundamental study of cobalt cementation with zinc dust in the presence of copper and antimony additives. University of British Columbia.
Dreher, T. M., and et al. 2001. The kinetics of cobalt removal by cementation from an industrial zinc electrolyte in the presence of Cu, Cd, Pb, Sb and Sn additives. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 60, pp. 105-116.
Boyanov, B., Konareva, V., Kolev, N. Removal of cobalt and nickel from zinc sulphate solutions using activated cementation. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, Vol. 40, pp. 41-55.
Boyanov, B. S., Konareva, V.V. Kolev, N. K. 2004. Purification of zinc sulfate solutions from cobalt and nickel through activated cementation. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 73, pp. 163-168.
Lu, J., Dreisinger, D., Cooper, W. 1997. Cobalt precipitation by reduction with sodium borohydride. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 45, pp. 305-322.
Nelson, A., 1998. Novel activators in cobalt removal from zinc electrolyte by cementation, McGill University Montreal, PQ.
Raghavan, R., Mohanan, P., Verma, S. 1999. Modified zinc sulphate solution purification technique to obtain low levels of cobalt for the zinc electrowinning process. Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 51, pp. 187-206.
Nelson, A., Demopoulos, G., Houlachi, G. 2000. The effect of solution constituents and novel activators on cobalt cementation. Canadian metallurgical quarterly, Vol. 39, pp. 175-186.
