ارزیابی ریسک ذرات معلق با استفاده از تکنیک EFMEA و روش TOPSISدر منطقه 9 شهرداری تهران
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت محیط زیست
رضا جلیل زاده
1
,
مهدیه سادات رحمانی
2
1 - استادیار، گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
2 - کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/07/01
تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/02/19
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/02/01
کلید واژه:
تکنیک TOPSIS,
ذرات معلق PM₁₀ و PM₂.₅,
تکنیک EFMEA,
آلودگی هوا,
ارزیابی ریسک,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: اهمیت استنشاق هوای پاک روزبه‌روز نمود بارزتری پیدا میکند. در هوای آزاد تعدادی از آلاینده‌ها به‌عنوان آلاینده‌های معیار در نظر گرفته‌شده‌اند، که یکی از این آلاینده‌ها ذرات معلق است. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین جنبه‌های محیط زیستی ذرات معلق در منطقه 9 شهرداری تهران می‌باشد.روش بررسی: در این تحقیق ابتدا با مراجعه به شهرداری منطقه 9 و دریافت اطلاعات منطقه، فعالیت‌های شاخص تولیدکننده ذرات معلق شناسایی شد. ریسک‌های بالقوه آسیب‌رسان ناشی از این فعالیت‌ها شناسایی و با توجه احتمال وقوع، گستره آلودگی، قدرت تشخیص و شدت اثر بر محیط‌زیست طبقه‌بندی گردیدند.یافته‌ها: 7 فعالیت شناسایی و برای هر فعالیت 17 پیامد محیط زیستی از تکنیک EFMEA شناسایی شد. از 17 ریسک شناسایی‌شده 4 ریسک به ترتیب شامل بیماری‌های ریوی، بیماری‌های قلبی، بیماری‌های گوارشی و بیماری‌های پوستی دارای بیشترین شدت اثر بوده و رتبه‌های اول تا چهارم را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند و 2 ریسک سوانح رانندگی و مخدوش شدن علائم راهنمایی و رانندگی دارای کمترین شدت اثر می‌باشند و در رتبه‌های شانزدهم و هفدهم رتبه‌بندی با روش TOPSIS قرار می‌گیرند. بر اساس تکنیک EFMEA نیز بیماری‌های ریوی با عدد 524 و بیماری‌های قلبی با عدد 423 بیشترین عدد ریسک و مخدوش شدن علائم راهنمایی با عدد 50 و سوانح رانندگی با عدد ریسک 52 کمترین سطح ریسک را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند.بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به ارزیابی ریسک در این تحقیق، مشخص گردید2ریسک بیماری‌های ریوی و بیماری‌های قلبی دارای بیشترین تأثیر بر روی سلامت عمومی افراد منطقه می‌باشند و با انجام یک رشته از اقدامات کنترلی می‌توان ریسک‌های زیست‌محیطی منطقه را کاهش داد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objectives: The importance of inhaling the clean air becomes more visible today. In the open air, a number of pollutants are considered as standard pollutants, one of which is particulate matter. The aim of this study was to study the environmental aspects of suspended particles in Tehran Municipality 9th district.Method: In this research, firstly, by referring to the municipality of district 9 and receiving the region information, the activities of the indicator of the producer of suspended particles were identified. Potential damage caused by these activities was identified and given the probability of occurrence, the power of diagnosis and severity of impact on the environment are classified. Findings: 7 activities were identified and for each activity 17 environmental consequences were identified from the EFMEA method. Of the 17 identified risks, 4 risks include lung disease, cardiovascular disease, digestive diseases and skin diseases that have the highest severity and ranked first to fourth and accounted for 2 risk accidents and driving disorder Traffic signs have the least impact intensity and ranked 16th and 17th ranked TOPSIS. Based on the EFMEA technique, pulmonary diseases with 524 and heart disease with 423 numbers have the highest risk numbers and misdiagnosis of driving tips with 50 and driving accidents with a 52-point risk factor. Discussion and Conclusion: Regarding the risk assessment in this study, it was revealed that 2 risks of pulmonary disease and heart disease have the greatest impact on the general health of the people in the region and by reducing the environmental risks of the area by taking some control measures.
منابع و مأخذ:
Maama, H., Appiah, K. (2019). Green accounting practices: lesson from an emerging economy, Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 11(4): 456-478. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-02-2017-0013
Rajesh, P. (2011). Manufacturers targeted by India's e-waste laws. Chemistry World; http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2011/July/13071101.asp. Accessed on 23 May, 2017.
Wath, S. B., Vaidya, A. N., Dutt, P. S., and Chakrabarti, T. (2010). A roadmap for development of sustainable E-waste management system in India. Science of the Total Environment, 409(1): 19-
Menikpura, S, N, M., Santo, A. and Hotta, Y. (2014). Assessing the climate co-benefits from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) recycling in Japan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 74(2): 183-190.
Kumar A., Dixit G. (2018). An analysis of barriers affecting the implementation of e-waste management practices in India: A novel ISM-DEMATEL approach. Sustainable Production and Consumption, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2018.01.002
Bhutta, M. K. S., Omar, A. Yang, X. (2011). Electronic waste: a growing concern in today's environment. Economics Research International, 2011.
Qian, W., Burritt, R., & Chen, J. (2016). The potential for environmental management accounting development in China. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 11(1): 406–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC‐11‐2013‐0092
Hahn, R., Reimsbach, D., & Schiemann, F. (2015). Organizations, climate change, and transparency: Reviewing the literature on carbon disclosure. Organization and Environment, 28, 80–102. https://doi.org/1177/1086026615575542
Borghei, Z., Leung, P., & Guthrie, J. (2016). The nature of voluntary greenhouse gas disclosure—An explanation of the changing rationale: Australian evidence. Meditari Accountancy Research, 24, 111–133. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR‐02‐2015‐0008
Welbeck, E. E. (2017). The influence of institutional environment on corporate responsibility disclosures in Ghana. Meditari Accountancy Research, 25(3): 216–240. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR‐11‐2016‐0092
Seyedjavadin, S., Roshandel Arbatani, T., Nobari, A. (2017). Green Human Resource Management A Investment Approach and Sustainable Development. Journal of Investment Knowledge, 5(20), 297-327. (In Persian)
Sepasi, S., Esmaili Kejani, M. (2015). Green Accounting: A Model for Environmental Disclosure. Journal of Health Accounting, 4(1): 1-19. (In Persian)
Feger, C. and Mermet, L. (2017). A blueprint towards accounting for the management of ecosystems, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 30(7): 1511-1536. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-12-2015-2360
Adams, C. and Larrinaga, C. (2019). Progress: engaging with organizations in pursuit of improved sustainability accounting and performance, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 32(8): 2367-2394. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-03-2018-3399
Mehraban Poor, M, R., Jandaghi Ghomi, M., Eghdam, M., Eghdam, R., Ghorbani, H. (2016). Environmental Accounting, Journal of Accounting and Auditing Studies, 18 (2): 32-47. (In Persian)
Solovida, G. and Latan, H. (2017). Linking environmental strategy to environmental performance: Mediation role of environmental management accounting, Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 8(5): 595-619. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-08-2016-0046
Boyd, J. (1998). The Benefits of Improved Environmental Accounting: An Economic Framework to Identify Priorities, Resources for the Future, Available at: www.rff.org. [Online] [05 February 2014].
Herold, D. M. (2019). Has carbon disclosure become more transparent in the global logistics industry? An investigation of corporate carbon disclosure strategies between 2010 and 2015. Logistics, 2(4): 13-39. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics2030013
Mata, C., Fialho, A., Eugénio, T. (2018). A Decade of Environmental Accounting Reporting: What we know?, Journal of Cleaner Production, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.07.087.
Liu, G., Yin, X., Pengue, W., Benetto, E. (2018). Donald Huisingh, Hans Schnitzer, Yutao Wang, Marco Casazza, Environmental accounting: in between raw data and information use for management practices, Journal of Cleaner Production, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.194
Akbari, A., Pourzamani, Z. (2018). The Firm Management Structure, Environmental Auditing and Financial Reporting Quality. Journal of Management Accounting and Auditing Knowledge, 7(26): 133-144. (In Persian)
Valiyan, H., Abdoli, M., Orooeyee, M. (2018). Designing of model of innovative environmental functions for the development of business functions with fuzzy approach (Case Study: Tehran Stock Exchange pharmaceutical companies). Sustainability, Development & Environment, 4(4): 61-43. (In Persian)
Malekiyan, H., Sancholi, M. (2017). Green Accounting, a Comprehensive and Comprehensive Tool in Green Supply Chain Management Information, Two Months Applied Studies in Management and Development Sciences, Second Year, 4(2): 106-97. (In Persian)
Sandelowski M, Barroso J. (2008). Creating met summaries of qualitative findings. Nursing Research, 52: 226-33.
Sadeghi-Fasaei, S., Naseri-Rad, M. (2012). Fundamental Elemen to of Qualitative Research in Social Sciences (Ontology, Epistemology, Methodology and Methods). Journal of Iranian Social Studies, 5(2): 78-98. (In Persian)
_||_
Maama, H., Appiah, K. (2019). Green accounting practices: lesson from an emerging economy, Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 11(4): 456-478. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-02-2017-0013
Rajesh, P. (2011). Manufacturers targeted by India's e-waste laws. Chemistry World; http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2011/July/13071101.asp. Accessed on 23 May, 2017.
Wath, S. B., Vaidya, A. N., Dutt, P. S., and Chakrabarti, T. (2010). A roadmap for development of sustainable E-waste management system in India. Science of the Total Environment, 409(1): 19-
Menikpura, S, N, M., Santo, A. and Hotta, Y. (2014). Assessing the climate co-benefits from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) recycling in Japan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 74(2): 183-190.
Kumar A., Dixit G. (2018). An analysis of barriers affecting the implementation of e-waste management practices in India: A novel ISM-DEMATEL approach. Sustainable Production and Consumption, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2018.01.002
Bhutta, M. K. S., Omar, A. Yang, X. (2011). Electronic waste: a growing concern in today's environment. Economics Research International, 2011.
Qian, W., Burritt, R., & Chen, J. (2016). The potential for environmental management accounting development in China. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 11(1): 406–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC‐11‐2013‐0092
Hahn, R., Reimsbach, D., & Schiemann, F. (2015). Organizations, climate change, and transparency: Reviewing the literature on carbon disclosure. Organization and Environment, 28, 80–102. https://doi.org/1177/1086026615575542
Borghei, Z., Leung, P., & Guthrie, J. (2016). The nature of voluntary greenhouse gas disclosure—An explanation of the changing rationale: Australian evidence. Meditari Accountancy Research, 24, 111–133. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR‐02‐2015‐0008
Welbeck, E. E. (2017). The influence of institutional environment on corporate responsibility disclosures in Ghana. Meditari Accountancy Research, 25(3): 216–240. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR‐11‐2016‐0092
Seyedjavadin, S., Roshandel Arbatani, T., Nobari, A. (2017). Green Human Resource Management A Investment Approach and Sustainable Development. Journal of Investment Knowledge, 5(20), 297-327. (In Persian)
Sepasi, S., Esmaili Kejani, M. (2015). Green Accounting: A Model for Environmental Disclosure. Journal of Health Accounting, 4(1): 1-19. (In Persian)
Feger, C. and Mermet, L. (2017). A blueprint towards accounting for the management of ecosystems, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 30(7): 1511-1536. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-12-2015-2360
Adams, C. and Larrinaga, C. (2019). Progress: engaging with organizations in pursuit of improved sustainability accounting and performance, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 32(8): 2367-2394. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-03-2018-3399
Mehraban Poor, M, R., Jandaghi Ghomi, M., Eghdam, M., Eghdam, R., Ghorbani, H. (2016). Environmental Accounting, Journal of Accounting and Auditing Studies, 18 (2): 32-47. (In Persian)
Solovida, G. and Latan, H. (2017). Linking environmental strategy to environmental performance: Mediation role of environmental management accounting, Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 8(5): 595-619. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-08-2016-0046
Boyd, J. (1998). The Benefits of Improved Environmental Accounting: An Economic Framework to Identify Priorities, Resources for the Future, Available at: www.rff.org. [Online] [05 February 2014].
Herold, D. M. (2019). Has carbon disclosure become more transparent in the global logistics industry? An investigation of corporate carbon disclosure strategies between 2010 and 2015. Logistics, 2(4): 13-39. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics2030013
Mata, C., Fialho, A., Eugénio, T. (2018). A Decade of Environmental Accounting Reporting: What we know?, Journal of Cleaner Production, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.07.087.
Liu, G., Yin, X., Pengue, W., Benetto, E. (2018). Donald Huisingh, Hans Schnitzer, Yutao Wang, Marco Casazza, Environmental accounting: in between raw data and information use for management practices, Journal of Cleaner Production, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.194
Akbari, A., Pourzamani, Z. (2018). The Firm Management Structure, Environmental Auditing and Financial Reporting Quality. Journal of Management Accounting and Auditing Knowledge, 7(26): 133-144. (In Persian)
Valiyan, H., Abdoli, M., Orooeyee, M. (2018). Designing of model of innovative environmental functions for the development of business functions with fuzzy approach (Case Study: Tehran Stock Exchange pharmaceutical companies). Sustainability, Development & Environment, 4(4): 61-43. (In Persian)
Malekiyan, H., Sancholi, M. (2017). Green Accounting, a Comprehensive and Comprehensive Tool in Green Supply Chain Management Information, Two Months Applied Studies in Management and Development Sciences, Second Year, 4(2): 106-97. (In Persian)
Sandelowski M, Barroso J. (2008). Creating met summaries of qualitative findings. Nursing Research, 52: 226-33.
Sadeghi-Fasaei, S., Naseri-Rad, M. (2012). Fundamental Elemen to of Qualitative Research in Social Sciences (Ontology, Epistemology, Methodology and Methods). Journal of Iranian Social Studies, 5(2): 78-98. (In Persian)
