طراحی يک سيستم پشتيبان تصميم گيری مکانی-زمانی جهت برنامه¬ريزی تخصيص وظايف امدادرسانان پس از زلزله
محورهای موضوعی : سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیاییناهید بهرامی 1 , علیرضا وفائی نژاد 2 * , علی اصغر آل شیخ 3
1 - دانشکده محيط¬زيست و انرژي، واحد علوم و تحقيقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، تهران، ايران
2 - دانشکده مهندسي عمران، آب و محيط زيست، دانشگاه شهيد بهشتي، تهران، ايران. * (مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشکده مهندسی نقشه¬برداري، دانشگاه خواجه نصير طوسي، تهران، ايران.
کلید واژه: سيستم پشتيبان تصميم¬گيري, مدل¬سازي مکاني- زماني, تخصيص وظايف, جستجو و نجات.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمينه و هدف: يکی از وقايعی که ايران، به دليل وجود گسلهاي فراوان در گسترهي جغرافيايي خود، از آن بسيار متأثر است، زمينلرزه میباشد. در اين زمينه، اولين و اساسيترين اقدامي که پس از وقوع زمينلرزه بايستي بصورت جدي مدنظر قرار گيرد، امداد و نجات است. امدادرساني مناسب و مديريت صحيح و کارآمد نيروهاي امداد و نجات، به ميزان قابل ملاحظهاي باعث کاهش خسارات زمينلرزه، به خصوص خسارات جاني ميشود. در اين پژوهش، با استفاده از مدلسازي مکاني- زماني فعاليتها و افراد، سيستمي جهت کمک به مديريت امداد و نجات پس از زمينلرزه، ارائه ميشود که براساس آن، تخصيص بهينه امدادرسانان به فعاليتها، صورت ميپذيرد.
روش بررسي: با توجه به هدف پژوهش، الگوريتم مناقصه و مزايدهگذاری اقتصادی که توانايي مدلسازي پويايي محيط و تغييرات زمان را داراست، انتخاب و مدلي با استفاده از آن و پارامترهاي اثرگذار در بحث تخصيص افراد به فعاليتها در امدادرساني زمينلرزه نظير تخصص افراد، زمان انجام فعاليتها و فاصله افراد تا محل حادثه، طراحي میگردد.
يافته ها: يک سيستم پشتيبان تصميمگيري مکاني- زماني به کمک الگوريتم مناقصه و مزايدهگذاری اقتصادی جهت برنامهريزي و بهبود تخصيص وظايف امدادرسانان در بحران زمينلرزه در يک محيط شهري براي گروههاي امداد و نجات پيادهسازي و اجرا شد.
بحث و نتيجه گيري: قابليت اجرايي الگوريتم مکان مند - زمان مند و پوياي ارائه شده براي انجام تخصيص وظايف به افراد، با شبيهسازي و پيادهسازي فعاليتهاي گروههاي امداد و نجات زمين لرزه در محيط سيستم هاي اطلاعات مکاني مورد تأييد قرار گرفت. اين مدل ابزاری موثر در بهبود عملکرد تيم‌های امداد و نجات و ارائه بينشی در مورد اثربخشی تخصيص وظايف است. نتايج اين مطالعه میتواند برای اطلاع رسانی راهبردهای واکنش به بلايا در آينده مورد استفاده قرار گيرد.
Background and Objective: Iran is highly affected by earthquakes, due to frequent faults in its geographical scope. In this regard, the first and most important action after an earthquake is relief and rescue. Relief's appropriate, correct, and efficient management of relief workers will considerably reduce earthquake injuries, especially the loss of life. In this research, using spatio-temporal modeling of activities and relief workers, a system is being proposed for relief and rescue management after an earthquake for the optimization of task allocation to relief workers.
Material and Methodology: As part of the research purpose, a model based on auctions was developed using parameters affecting relief workers after an earthquake, namely, the expertise of relief workers, the timing of the activities, and the distance to the damaged area, because of the dynamics of the environment at the time.
Findings: In the urban environment, a spatio-temporal decision support system with an auction algorithm was implemented to plan and optimize task allocation for relief workers after the earthquake.
Discussion and Conclusion: By simulating and implementing the activities of relief and rescue teams after the earthquake in a spatial information system, the feasibility of the proposed spatio-temporal dynamic modeling for task allocation to relief workers is validated. In addition to improving the performance of relief and rescue teams, the model provided insight into the effectiveness of task allocation. The results of this study can be used to inform future disaster response strategies.
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