بررسی تجربی تأثیر استفاده از پره بر روی لوله آتشدان گرم‌کن ایستگاه تقلیل فشار گاز طبیعی بر راندمان حرارتی و کاهش انتشارگازهای گلخانه‌ای
محورهای موضوعی :
آلودگی هوا
سعید رستگار
1
,
هادی کارگر شریف آباد
2
,
نادر رهبر
3
,
محمد بهشاد شفیعی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکترا، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، واحد سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات انرژی و توسعه پایدار، واحد سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات انرژی و توسعه پایدار، واحد سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران.
4 - استاد، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1399/01/03
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/03/06
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/02/01
کلید واژه:
گازهای گلخانه‌ای,
گرم‌کن,
راندمان گرمائی,
ایستگاه تقلیل فشار گاز طبیعی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: فشار گاز طبیعی در ایستگاه تقلیل فشار به‌وسیله رگولاتور کم می‌شود و طبق قانون عمومی گازها، با کاهش در حجم ثابت، دمای گاز نیز کاهش می‌یابد. اگر دمای گاز به پایین‌تر از دمای نقطه شبنم برسد، سبب تشکیل هیدرات، یخ زدگی و درنهایت انسداد و گرفتگی مسیر عبور گاز می‌گردد. از این رو از گرم‌کن غیرمستقیم حمام آب گرم جهت افزایش دمای گاز قبل از تقلیل فشار استفاده می‌شود. در حال حاضر راندمان حرارتی این گرم‌کن‌ها بسیار پایین بوده و مقدار وسیعی از سوخت در گرم‌کن تلف می گردد.
روش بررسی: در این مقاله، تأثیر استفاده از پره در لوله آتشدان گرم‌کن ایستگاه تقلیل فشار گاز طبیعی بر راندمان حرارتی آن و کاهش گازهای گلخانه ای به‌صورت تجربی بررسی شده است و مشخصات ترمودینامیکی و انتقال حرارتی گرم‌کن در حالت معمولی و در حالت با پره با یکدیگر مقایسه شده است.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد به‌کارگیری پره حرارتی بر روی لوله آتشدان گرم‌کن سبب می‌گردد راندمان حرارتی گرم‌کن و ضریب انتقال حرارتی جابجایی به ترتیب 14 و 19 درصد افزایش یابد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: اگر نتایج افزایش راندمان به کلیه گرم‌کن‌های ایستگاه تقلیل فشار گاز کشور تعمیم داده شود، میزان کاهش مصرف انرژی و کاهش انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای در طی یک سال به ترتیب 40 میلیون مترمکعب و 75/76 هزار تن برآورد گردیده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: The pressure of the natural gas at the pressure reduction station is reduced by the regulator and by the general law of the gases, the gas temperature is reduced by decreasing in constant volume. If the gas temperature falls below the dew point temperature, it can form hydrates, freeze, and eventually blockage and clogging of the gas passage. Therefore, indirect water bath heater is used to increase the gas temperature before the pressure reduction. At present, the thermal efficiency of these heaters is very low and a large amount of fuel is wasted in the heaters.
Material and Methodology: In this paper, using fin in the gas pressure reduction station heater fire tube on its thermal efficiency and greenhouse gas investigated experimentally and and the thermodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of the heater are compared in the usual case and in the fin state.
Findings: The results showed that using fin in the heater fire tube increased the thermal efficiency of the heater and the heat transfer coefficient by 14% and 19%, respectively.
Discussion and Conclusion: If the results of the increasing in efficiency were applied to all gas pressure reduction station heaters, the energy saving and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions over one year were estimated to be 40 million cubic meters and 76.75 thousand tons, respectively.
منابع و مأخذ:
Olfati, M. Bahiraei, S. Heidari, and F. Veysi, “A comprehensive analysis of energy and exergy characteristics for a natural gas city gate station considering seasonal variations”, Energy, pp. 721–733, 2018.
Olfati, M. Bahiraei, and F. Veysi, “A novel modification on preheating process of natural gas in pressure reduction stations to improve energy consumption, exergy destruction and CO2 emission: Preheating based on real demand”, Energy, vol. 173, pp. 598–609, 2019.
Rastegar, H. Kargarsharifabad, M. B. Shafii, and N. Rahbar, “Experimental investigation of the increasing thermal efficiency of an indirect water bath heater by use of thermosyphon heat pipe”, Thermal Science, vol. OnLine-Fir, 2020.
H. Azizi et al., “Study of preheating natural gas in gas pressure reduction station by the flue gas of indirect water bath heater”, Research at Islamic Azad University, Bandar Lengeh branch, Iran, vol. 3, no. 27, pp. 17–22, 2014. (In Persian)
Rastegar, H. Kargarsharifabad, N. Rahbar, M.B. Shafii, “Distilled water production with combination of solar still and thermosyphon heat pipe heat exchanger coupled with indirect water bath heater - experimental study and thermoeconomic analysis”, Applied Thermal Engineering, First Online, 2020.
Khalili, M. Hoseinalipour, and E. Heybatian, “Efficiency and heat losses of indirect water bath heater installed in natural gas pressure reduction station; evaluating a case study in Iran”, in Proceedings of 8th National Energy Congress, Shahrekord, Iran, 2011. (In Persian)
Farzaneh-Gord and M. Deymi-Dashtebayaz, “Recoverable Energy in Natural Gas Pressure Drop Stations: A Case Study of the Khangiran Gas Refinery”, Energy Exploration & Exploitation, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 71–82, 2008.
Zabihi and M. Taghizadeh, “Feasibility study on energy recovery at Sari-Akand city gate station using turboexpander”, Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, vol. 35. pp. 152–159, 2016.
Riahi, B. Yazdirad, M. Jadidi, and F. Berenjkar, “Optimization of Combustion Efficiency in Indirect Water Bath Heaters of Ardabil City Gate Stations”, Seventh Mediterranean Combustion Symposium, 2011.
J. Kostowski and S. Usón, “Comparative evaluation of a natural gas expansion plant integrated with an IC engine and an organic Rankine cycle”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 75, pp. 509–516, 2013.
Naderi, G. Ahmadi, M. Zarringhalam, O. Akbari, and E. Khalili, “Application of water reheating system for waste heat recovery in NG pressure reduction stations, with experimental verification”, Energy, vol. 162, pp. 1183–1192, 2018.
Farzaneh-Gord, S. Izadi, M. Deymi-Dashtebayaz, S. I. Pishbin, and H. Sheikhani, “Optimizing natural gas reciprocating expansion engines for Town Border pressure reduction stations based on AGA8 equation of state”, Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, vol. 26, pp. 6–17, 2015.
Kargaran, A. Arabkoohsar, S. J. Hagighat-Hosini, V. Farzaneh-Kord, and M. Farzaneh-Gord, “The second law analysis of natural gas behaviour within a vortex tube”, Thermal Science, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 1079–1092, 2013.
ghasemikafrudi, M. Amini, M. R Habibi and F Goodarzvand, “Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Gas Pressure Reduction Stations”, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, First Online, 2018. (In Persian)
Marandi, M.E. masomi, H. Azad manesh, “Investigating the Effects of Energy Optimization Methods on Gaseous Pollutant Emissions”, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 8, pp. 95–108, 2007. (In Persian)
W. Zemansky, M. M. Abbott, and H. C. Van Ness, Basic engineering thermodynamics. McGraw-Hill Companies, 1975.
U. Schlunder, “Heat exchanger design handbook”, 1983.
Incropera and D. DeWitt, “Introduction to heat transfer”, 1985.
E. I. 14064-1, Greenhouse gases, Part 1: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals. 2012.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions., Unofficial electronic version of the Regulation for the Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Http://www.oal.ca.gov/CCR.htm.
A. Bell, “A beginner’s guide to uncertainty of measurement.”, 2001.
A. MCCLINTOCK, “Describing uncertainties in single-sample experiments”, Mechanical Engineering, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 3–8, 1953.
Rastegar, “Experimental Investigation of Using Heat Pipe for Increase Efficiency of Indirect Water Bath Heater” , Ph.D Thesis, Islamic azad university, semnan beranch, 2020. (In Persian)
“www.nigc.ir”, (In Persian)
_||_
Olfati, M. Bahiraei, S. Heidari, and F. Veysi, “A comprehensive analysis of energy and exergy characteristics for a natural gas city gate station considering seasonal variations”, Energy, pp. 721–733, 2018.
Olfati, M. Bahiraei, and F. Veysi, “A novel modification on preheating process of natural gas in pressure reduction stations to improve energy consumption, exergy destruction and CO2 emission: Preheating based on real demand”, Energy, vol. 173, pp. 598–609, 2019.
Rastegar, H. Kargarsharifabad, M. B. Shafii, and N. Rahbar, “Experimental investigation of the increasing thermal efficiency of an indirect water bath heater by use of thermosyphon heat pipe”, Thermal Science, vol. OnLine-Fir, 2020.
H. Azizi et al., “Study of preheating natural gas in gas pressure reduction station by the flue gas of indirect water bath heater”, Research at Islamic Azad University, Bandar Lengeh branch, Iran, vol. 3, no. 27, pp. 17–22, 2014. (In Persian)
Rastegar, H. Kargarsharifabad, N. Rahbar, M.B. Shafii, “Distilled water production with combination of solar still and thermosyphon heat pipe heat exchanger coupled with indirect water bath heater - experimental study and thermoeconomic analysis”, Applied Thermal Engineering, First Online, 2020.
Khalili, M. Hoseinalipour, and E. Heybatian, “Efficiency and heat losses of indirect water bath heater installed in natural gas pressure reduction station; evaluating a case study in Iran”, in Proceedings of 8th National Energy Congress, Shahrekord, Iran, 2011. (In Persian)
Farzaneh-Gord and M. Deymi-Dashtebayaz, “Recoverable Energy in Natural Gas Pressure Drop Stations: A Case Study of the Khangiran Gas Refinery”, Energy Exploration & Exploitation, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 71–82, 2008.
Zabihi and M. Taghizadeh, “Feasibility study on energy recovery at Sari-Akand city gate station using turboexpander”, Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, vol. 35. pp. 152–159, 2016.
Riahi, B. Yazdirad, M. Jadidi, and F. Berenjkar, “Optimization of Combustion Efficiency in Indirect Water Bath Heaters of Ardabil City Gate Stations”, Seventh Mediterranean Combustion Symposium, 2011.
J. Kostowski and S. Usón, “Comparative evaluation of a natural gas expansion plant integrated with an IC engine and an organic Rankine cycle”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 75, pp. 509–516, 2013.
Naderi, G. Ahmadi, M. Zarringhalam, O. Akbari, and E. Khalili, “Application of water reheating system for waste heat recovery in NG pressure reduction stations, with experimental verification”, Energy, vol. 162, pp. 1183–1192, 2018.
Farzaneh-Gord, S. Izadi, M. Deymi-Dashtebayaz, S. I. Pishbin, and H. Sheikhani, “Optimizing natural gas reciprocating expansion engines for Town Border pressure reduction stations based on AGA8 equation of state”, Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, vol. 26, pp. 6–17, 2015.
Kargaran, A. Arabkoohsar, S. J. Hagighat-Hosini, V. Farzaneh-Kord, and M. Farzaneh-Gord, “The second law analysis of natural gas behaviour within a vortex tube”, Thermal Science, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 1079–1092, 2013.
ghasemikafrudi, M. Amini, M. R Habibi and F Goodarzvand, “Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Gas Pressure Reduction Stations”, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, First Online, 2018. (In Persian)
Marandi, M.E. masomi, H. Azad manesh, “Investigating the Effects of Energy Optimization Methods on Gaseous Pollutant Emissions”, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 8, pp. 95–108, 2007. (In Persian)
W. Zemansky, M. M. Abbott, and H. C. Van Ness, Basic engineering thermodynamics. McGraw-Hill Companies, 1975.
U. Schlunder, “Heat exchanger design handbook”, 1983.
Incropera and D. DeWitt, “Introduction to heat transfer”, 1985.
E. I. 14064-1, Greenhouse gases, Part 1: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals. 2012.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions., Unofficial electronic version of the Regulation for the Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Http://www.oal.ca.gov/CCR.htm.
A. Bell, “A beginner’s guide to uncertainty of measurement.”, 2001.
A. MCCLINTOCK, “Describing uncertainties in single-sample experiments”, Mechanical Engineering, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 3–8, 1953.
Rastegar, “Experimental Investigation of Using Heat Pipe for Increase Efficiency of Indirect Water Bath Heater” , Ph.D Thesis, Islamic azad university, semnan beranch, 2020. (In Persian)
“www.nigc.ir”, (In Persian)
