بررسی شایستگی‌های پایه در بین دانش‌آموختگان رشته‌ی مدیریت آموزشی و ارزیابی میزان اثربخشی آن در دانشگاه های دولتی شهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورشمحمد فرزانه 1 , حسن رضا زین آبادی 2 , زهره یزدانی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری رشته مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: "شایستگی‌های پایه", "دانش‌آموختگان", "مدیریت آموزشی", "دانشگاه‌های دولتی",
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با روش ترکیبی اکتشافی و با هدف شناسایی و بررسی شایستگی‌های پایه‌ای دانش‌آموختگان رشته‌ی مدیریت آموزشی انجام شد. در بخش کیفی، جامعه شامل کلیه خبرگان مدیریت آموزشی بود که با کاربست روش‌های نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و گلوله برفی، 15 نفر از دانش‌آموختگان و اساتید مدیریت آموزشی مورد مصاحبه قرار گرفتند. داده‌ها در بخش کیفی با استفاده از مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته و عمیق گردآوری شدند. نتایج تحلیل محتوا و کدگذاری مصاحبه‌ها 40 نشانگر را شناسایی نمود. نشانگرها در قالب 5 بعد شامل «ویژگی‌های روان‌شناختی»، «اخلاق حرفه‌ای»، «روابط انسانی»، «زبان انگلیسی» و «سواد فاوا» طبقه‌بندی شد. در بخش کمی، جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانش‌آموختگان رشته مدیریت آموزشی دانشگاه‌های دولتی شهر تهران بود که تعداد 126 نفر با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. بر اساس نشانگان و ابعاد شناسایی شده، پرسشنامه شایستگی‌های پایه با رعایت روایی و پایایی مناسب تدوین شد. در بخش کمی با استفاده از آزمون‌های تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی، تی تک‌نمونه‌ای، فریدمن، تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه و تی برای دو گروه مستقل به تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌های پژوهش پرداخته شد. ابتدا، از طریق تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی، شایستگی‌ها به 37 شایستگی تقلیل پیدا کرد و تعداد 5 عامل شامل «ویژگی‌های روان‌شناختی»، «اخلاق حرفه‌ای»، «روابط انسانی»، «زبان انگلیسی» و «سواد فاوا» شناسایی شد.در گام بعد، نتایج نشان داد که وضعیت مهارت زبان انگلیسی در حد کمتر از میانگین و شایستگی‌های اخلاق حرفه‌ای، سواد فاوا، نگرشی، ویژگی‌های روان‌شناختی و روابط انسانی بالاتر از میانگین بودند. نتایج تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه نشان داد که در بین دانش‌آموختگان دانشگاه‌های دولتی شهر تهران تفاوت معناداری از نظر وضعیت شایستگی‌های پایه وجود نداشت. همچنین، سطح شایستگی‌های پایه دانش‌آموختگان مرد و زن در ابعاد پنج‌گانه با هم برابر بود.
The aim of the current exploratory mixed methods research was to investigate basic competencies of the graduates of educational administration. In the qualitative phase, population was consisted of all the educational administration experts. With purposeful sampling and snowball sampling, 15 graduates and professors of educational administration were interviewed. In the quality phase,data were gathered using semi-structured and deep interviews. The results of content analysis and coding of interviews revealed 40 indicators and 5 dimensions including psychological traits, professional ethics, human relationships, English language skills and ICT literacy. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population was included all the Educational Administration graduates at Tehran public universities, who 126 graduates were selected by convenience sampling. Using the identified indicators and dimensions, a valid and reliable questionnaire was developed as Basic Competencies questionnaire. In the qualitative part, the data of the research were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, one sample t-test, ANOVA and independent-samples t-test. First, by implementing exploratory factor analysis, indicators were decreased into 37 indicators and 5 factors (psychological traits, professional ethics, human relationships, English language skills and ICT literacy) were identified. Then, the results show that the English language skills were below-average people, and the psychological traits, professional ethics, human relationships and ICT literacy were higher than the hypothetical average of the research. The results of analysis of variance didn’t show a meaningful difference in terms of the basic competencies among graduates of public universities of Tehran. Furthermore, there were no differences in the basic competencies level of five dimensions among the male and female graduates.
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