واکنش گیاه همیشه بهار (Calendula officinalis L.) به آسکوربیک اسید و براسینواستروئید در شرایط تنش خشکی

محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

خاطره همتی ¹ , علی عبادی ² , سعید خماری ³ , محمد صدقی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی دوره دکتری زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
2 - استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
3 - استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
4 - عضو هیئت علمی گروه شیمی، واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اردبیل، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/04/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/06/07 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/06/01

کلید واژه: لیزین, رنگدانه های فتوسنتزی, پلی فنل اکسیداز, متیونین و همیشه بهار,

چکیده مقاله :

تاثیر تنش کم آبیـاری، براسینواستروئید و آسکوربیک اسید بر رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی و برخی از متابولیت های سازگاری گل همیشه بهار طی آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی و آزمایشگاه دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال 1393 بررسی گردید. آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمار تنش کم آبیاری در دو سطح (50 میلی متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر (شاهد) و 100 میلی متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر (تنش کم آبیاری)) به عنـوان عامل اصلی و تیمارهای براسینواستروئید (7-10، 8-10 و صفر مولار) و آسکوربیک اسید ( 10 میلی مولار و صفر (شاهد)) نیز به صورت فاکتوریل به عنوان عوامل فرعی در نظرگرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش کم آبیاری، کاربرد براسینواستروئید و آسکوربیک اسید موجب افزیش درصد اسانس، کربوهیدرات، کاروتنوئیدها و فعالیت آنزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز شد. همچنین، تنش آبی، میزان کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل کل، لیزین و متیونین را کاهش داد. با این حال، کاربرد براسینواستروئید و آسکوربیک اسید توانست آسیب های ناشی از تنش را تخفیف داده و میزان کلروفیل های a، b و کل را افزایش دهد. کاربرد آسکوربیک اسید در شرایط تنش به جلوگیری از کاهش بیشتر لیزین و متیونین کمک کرد. با توجه به این نتایج، به نظر می رسد استفاده از آسکوربیک اسید و براسینواستروئید با کمک به سیستم دفاعی از تخریب کلروفیل ها جلوگیـری کرده و موجب افزایش تحمل به تنش خشکی شـده است. همچنین، به نظر می رسد کاربرد براسینواستروئید می تواند در بهبود خاصیت دارویی همیشه بهار مؤثر گردد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To evaluate water deficit stress, brassinosteroid and ascorbic acid effects on photosynthetic pigments and some pot marigold’s compatible solutes, an experiment was conducted at the experimental field and labratory of university of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2014. A factorial split experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications were used. Water deficit was induced by two levels of water stress (50 and 100 mm evaporation from class A pan) considered as main factor and brassinosteroid (0, 10-8 and 10-7 M) and ascorbic acid (0 and 10 mM) as sub factors. Results showed that water deficit, brassinosteroid and ascorbic acid increased soluble sugars, carotenoids and polyphenol oxidase activity. Water deficit decreased the rate of a, b and total chlorophylls, lysine and methionine. However, application of brassinosteroid and ascorbic acid decreased water deficit effects and increased the rate of a, b and total chlorophylls. Ascorbic acid application under stress condition increased the rate of lysine and methionine. Considering these results it can concluded that ascorbic acid and brassinosteroid increase marigold tolerance to water shortage by enhancing defensive system and prevention of photosynthetic pigments destruction. It seems application of brassinosteroid can improve medicinal particularity of marigold.

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