بررسی کارایی انرژی در تولید سیب زمینی استان همدان
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی
حامد قادرزاده
1
(استادیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان.)
زانیار پیرمحمدیانی
2
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی.)
کلید واژه: همدان, کارایی, سیب زمینی, تحلیل پوششی داده ها,
چکیده مقاله :
مطالعه حاضر به بررسی کارایی انرژی محصول سیب زمینی در استان همدان میپردازد. دادهها با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌بندی شده از طریق مصاحبه و تکمیل پرسشنامه جمع‌آوری گردید. اندازه نمونه برابر 139 مزرعه است. برای تحلیل کارایی انرژی شاخصهای انرژی شامل نسبت انرژی، بهره وری انرژی، انرژی ویژه و انرژی خالص محاسبه شد. کاراییهای فنی،فنی خالص و مقیاس با استفاده از روش تحلیل پوششی دادهها و دو مدل BCCوCCRمحاسبه گردید. مجموع انرژیهای ورودی در تولید سیب زمینی برای سطح یک هکتار در استان همدان 0224/69249 مگاژول به دست آمد.انرژی کود شیمیایی با38/78درصد از کل انرژی مصرفی بیشترین سهم را در میان انرژیهای ورودی را به خود اختصاص داده اند. نسبت انرژی، بهره وری انرژی و افزوده خالص انرژی برای سیب زمینی کاران به ترتیب برابر،2/224 و0/671کیلوگرم بر مگاژول و84751/885مگاژول بر هکتار محاسبه گردید.میانگین کاراییهای فنی،فنی خالص و مقیاس به ترتیب0/748، 0/941 و 0/904برآورد شدند.در استان همدان بیشترین مصرف نادرست مربوط به نهادههای کود شیمیایی و بذر می‌باشد. مقدار مناسب کود با استفاده از آزمون خاک و نظر کارشناسان منطقه تعیین شود.
The current study attemptted to investigate energy efficiency and analyze the relationship of potato production in of Hamadan provinces. The data were collected by using a proportional stratified random sampling method through interview and questionnaire. The sample size is about 139 farms. The total energy used and energy returns was calculated to analyze energy efficiencies such as energy ratio, energy efficiency and net energy use.the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) was applied to calculate technical, pure technical and scale technical efficiencies through BCC and CCR models. The results showed that, the total energy input for potato production in Hamedan and as follows: 66295.13 MJ. The first rank of energy used sources respect to inputs goes to fertilizers with 38.78 in Hamedan plain. The energy ratio, energy efficiency and net energy of potato farmer in Bahar were 2. 224, 0. 671 kg/MJ and 84751.885 MJ/ha respectively. The average of technical, pure technical and scale technical efficiencies was estimated as follows 0.748, 0.941, 0.80 respectively. In Hamedan Province the highest misuse consumption belongs to chemical fertilizer and seed.
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