اثر محلول¬پاشي نانو دي¬اكسيدتيتانيوم و هيوميک¬اسيد بر عملکرد کمی و برخي صفات فیزیولوژیکی ذرت (Zea mays L.) تحت رژیم آبیاری
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی محیطی
1 - گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
کلید واژه: عملکرد بیولوژیک, عملکرد دانه, قطع آبیاری, کاتالاز, کلروفیلa,
چکیده مقاله :
این آزمایش بر روی گیاه ذرت بهصورت کرتهای دو بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي در چهار تکرار در مزرعهای واقع در شهرستان گتوند در تابستان سالهای 1400 و 1401 اجرا شد. عامل اصلی رژیم آبیاری در 3 سطح شامل: آبیاری نرمال تا زمان برداشت، قطع آبياری در زمان ظهور بلال و قطع آبياری 7 روز بعد از ظهور بلال، محلولپاشی اسیدهیومیک در 4 سطح شامل: صفر، 1000، 2000 و 3000 پيپيام در هكتار 60 روز بعد کاشت در کرتهای فرعی و نانو دیاکسیدتیتانیوم در 3 سطح شامل: صفر، 02/0 و 04/0 درصد در هکتار در کرتهای فرعیفرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات متقابل رژیم آبیاری، اسیدهیومیک و دیاکسیدتیتانیوم بر تعداد دانه در بلال، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و مالوندیآلدئید معنیدار بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (1/9094 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در شرایط آبیاری نرمال تا زمان برداشت با کاربرد 2000 پیپیام در هکتار اسیدهیومیک و 02/0 درصد در هکتار نانو دیاکسیدتیتانیوم به‌دست آمد که نسبت به تیمار قطع آبیاری در زمان ظهور بلال و عدم کاربرد اسیدهیومیک و نانو دیاکسیدتیتانیوم حدود 5/38 درصد افزایش نشان داد. بين سطوح مختلف کاربرد اسیدهیومیک از لحاظ ميزان کلروفيل a و b اختلاف معنيدار بود. با افزايش کاربرد اسیدهیومیک در شرايط آبياري نرمال، اين صفات بهطور معنيدار افزايش يافتند. کاربرد 02/0 درصد در هکتار نانو دیاکسیدتیتانیوم از بالاترين ميزان کلروفیل a و b برخوردار بود. همچنین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در شرایط قطع آبیاری در زمان ظهور بلال با کاربرد 2000 پیپیام اسیدهیومیک 50 درصد افزایش یافت. بهطور کلی برای افزایش رشد و عملکرد در شرايط مطلوب و كاهش افت در شرايط تنش، استفاده از 2000 پیپیام اسیدهیومیک و 02/0 درصد در هکتار نانو دیاکسیدتیتانیوم در منطقه گتوند و مناطق مشابه از نظر آب و هوایی قابل توصیه است.
This experiment was conducted on corn as a double split plot experiment based on a complete block randomized design with four replications that was performed in the farm of Gotvand in summer cropping years 2021-22. The main factor was the irrigation regime at 3 levels including: normal irrigation until harvest, no irrigation at the time of ear emergence and no irrigation 7 days after ear emergence, foliar application of humic acid at 4 levels including: 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm per hectare 60 days after planting in subplots and nano titanium dioxide at 3 levels including: 0, 0.02 and 0.04 percent per hectare in subplots. The results showed that the triple interaction of irrigation regime, humic acid, and titanium dioxide was significant on number of grains per ear, grain yield, biological yield and malondialdehyde. The highest grain yield (9094.1 kg/ha) was obtained under normal irrigation conditions until harvest with the application of 2000 ppm/ha of humic acid and 0.02%/ha of nano titanium dioxide, which showed an increase of about 38.5% compared to the treatment of no irrigation at the time of ear emergence and no application of humic acid and nano titanium dioxide. There was a significant difference between different levels of humic acid application in terms of chlorophyll a and b levels. With increasing application of humic acid under normal irrigation conditions, these traits increased significantly. In general, to increase growth and yield favorable conditions and to reduce losses in stressful conditions, the use of 2000 ppm humic acid and 0.02 percent per hectare of nano titanium dioxide is recommended in the Gotvand region and similar regions in terms of climate.
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