تئوری مسئولیت نقصان یافته در پرتو مفهوم رشد جزائی مقرر در ماده91 قانون مجازات اسلامی1392
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق خصوصی
اسماعیل هادی تبار
1
(استادیارحقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران..)
سیدمسعود حیدری
2
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.)
پژمان پارسا
3
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.)
کلید واژه: مجازات, کمال عقل, اطفال و نوجوانان, رشد جزائی, مسئولیت تدریجی,
چکیده مقاله :
توجه به رشد جزائی علاوه بر بلوغ جنسی برای نخستین بار در ماده91 قانون مجازات اسلامی1392 و لزوم احراز آن در جرایم حد و قصاص و نیز توسعه اختیارات قضایی برای اسقاط مجازاتهای حد و قصاص که نه تنها برای مرتکبین کمتر از18 سال بلکه برای بالاتر از18 سال هم امکان اثبات آن وجود دارد از یک سو و از سوی دیگر از بین بردن تفاوت حداقل سن مسئولیت کیفری بین دختران و پسران در جرایم تعزیری و پیروی از نظام مسئولیت تدریجی که نشان از پذیرش مسئولیت کیفری نسبی و واکنش جزایی متفاوت و تخفیف یافته نسبت به اطفال و نوجوانان در مقابل بزرگسالان، ازجمله گامهایی هستند که این قانون در راستای رسیدن به یک نظام مطلوب مسئولیت کیفری اطفال و نوجوانان برداشته است. با این وجود به کار بردن لفظ مجازات به طور مطلق در ماده91 ق.م.ا با توجه به قید تصمیمات در ماده88 ق.م.ا صحیح بنظر نمی رسد.
Paying attention to the criminal development in addition to sexual maturity for the first time in Article 91 of the Islamic Penal Code 1392 and the necessity of obtaining it in punitive and retributive crimes, as well as the development of judicial powers for the abolition of punishment and retaliation is not only possible for perpetrators under 18 years of age, but also for those aged over 18. It is also possible to prove it on one hand, and on the other, eliminate the difference in the minimum age for criminality between girls and boys in crimes of inferiority and follow a system of gradual liability indicating the acceptance of relative criminal responsibility and a different and discriminatory criminal response. Children and adolescents versus adults are considered to take the steps in making the law in favor of their desires to achieve a favorable system of criminal responsibility for them. However, the use of the term "punishment" is not entirely possible in Article 91 of Criminal Code, and it does not seem correct based on the "decisions" in Article 88 of the Criminal Code.
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