Studying the Effect of Source and Feeding Duration of Protected Omega-3 and Omega-9 Fatty Acids on Production Performance and Expression of Genes Involved in Fat Metabolism in Fattening Lambs
Subject Areas :A. Mirshamsollahi 1 * , M. Ganjkhanlou 2
1 - Department of Animal Science Research, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Arak, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Keywords: fattening lambs, gene expression, performance, unsaturated fatty acids,
Abstract :
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of calcium salts of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-9) on fattening performance and genes expression related to fat metabolism in Lori Bakhtiari × Romanov crossbreed male lambs. Forty-nine male lambs, averaging 29.97 ± 0.88 kg were randomly assigned to seven groups. The lambs were fed experimental diets as follows: 1) Basal ration without fat (C), 2 and 3) Basal ration with calcium salt of fish oil (2% DM of diet) for 90 and 45 days (FO-90 and FO-45), respectively, 4 and 5) Basal ration with calcium salt of olive oil (2% DM of diet) for 90 and 45 days (OO-90 and OO-45), respectively, 6 and 7) Basal ration with saturated fat powder (2% DM of diet) for 90 and 45 days (SF-90 and SF-45), respectively. Overall, feeding calcium salts of fish oil and olive oil significantly increased daily weight gain and decreased the feed conversion ratio compared to the control group (P=0.04). Additionally, these diets reduced abdominal and kidney fat (P=0.03). The supplementation of calcium salts of unsaturated and saturated fats did not significantly affect the expression of the delta-6 desaturase (FADS2) and delta-5 desaturase (FADS1) genes in the liver tissue compared to the control group. However, the calcium salts of fish and olive oils administered for 90 and 45 days significantly increased liver mRNA expression of the carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT1) (P=0.001) and acyl coenzyme A oxidase-1 (ACOX1) (P=0.002) genes compared to the saturated fat and controls treatments. This study indicated that supplementing diets with calcium salts of unsaturated fatty acids from fish and olive oils improved fattening performance and increased the expression of genes involved in fat metabolism in lamb liver tissue, regardless of feeding duration.
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