نقش رسانه ملی در مدیریت بحران و حفظ آرامش شهروندان (مورد مطالعه: شهروندان منطقه 22 تهران)
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیفاطمه هاشم نژاد 1 , محمدصادق بیدکی 2
1 - استادیار، گروه علوم ارتباطات، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران
2 - دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت ارتباطات- گرایش محض، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران
کلید واژه: مدیریت بحران, رسانه ملی, آرامش شهروندان,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از این تحقیق بررسی نقش رسانه ملی در مدیریت بحران و حفظ آرامش شهروندان در منطقه 22 شهر تهران بود. در این مطالعه، از روش توصیفی از نوع زمینه یابی استفاده شد. جامعه آماری شامل شهروندان منطفه 22 تهران در سال 1396 به تعداد 129 هزار نفر بود که بر اساس روش نمونه گیری در دسترس با استفاده از فرمول نمونه‌گیری کوکران تعداد 384 نفر به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها در این تحقیق، پرسشنامه بود. پرسشنامه به کار رفته از ترکیب مدل هایی در خصوص نقش رسانه ملی در مدیریت بحران و حفظ آرامش بین شهروندان، تنظیم شد. پایایی پرسشنامه ها از طریق آزمون آلفای کرونباخ سنجیده و تأیید شد. روش تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، با استفاده از دو روش آماری توصیفی و استنباطی شامل آزمون کلموگروف-اسمیرنوف و آزمون دو جمله ای از طریق نرم‌افزار SPSS انجام شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد رسانه های ملی شامل میزگردهای فرهنگی- اجتماعی، فیلم و سریال های تلویزیونی، برنامه های کودک و نوجوان و انیمیشن های تلویزیونی، اخبار و برنامه های آموزشی در مدیریت بحران و حفظ آرامش شهروندان نقش داشتهاند.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the national media in managing the crisis and maintaining the peace of the citizens in the district 22 of Tehran. In this study, a descriptive survey method was used. The statistical population consisted of the citizens of Tehran in the district 22 in 2017 that was 129 thousand people. Based on the available sampling method, 384 people were selected as sample using the Cochran sampling formula. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire in this research. The questionnaire used was regulated by combining models on the role of national media in crisis management and maintaining peace between citizens. Reliability of the questionnaires was measured and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods including Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and binomial test using SPSS software.The research results showed that national media included cultural-social conferences, films and television series, children's and adolescents' programs, television animations, news and training programs, has role on crisis management and maintaining the peace of the citizens.
Ahmadi, I. (2015). Role of media on crisis management. Exploratory Studies in Law and Management, 2(3), 190-197.
Amini, M. T., Pirali, A. R., & Siyadat, S. (2015). Strategies for improving the sense of social security (Case study: Citizens of Shiraz). Management System, 5(15), 27-62. (in Persian).
Bakx, M. (2012). The role of social media in crisis communication from a democratic perspective. Master Thesis of Public Administration, University of Twente.
Baron, G. (2010). Response suggestions and public participation the new norm in response management. Crisis Comm.
Baubion, C.(2013). The role of media in crisis management. Animal Ecology, 45, 791-816.
Bruns, A. (2014). Crisis communication. In S. Cunningham, & S. Turnbull (Eds.), The media and communications in Australia (pp. 351-355). Sydney, Australia: Allen & Unwin.
Chan, J. C. (2014). The role of social media in crisis preparedness, response and recovery. Public Relations Research, 8(4), 279-295.
Dehghani, H., & Akbarzadeh, F. (2013). The role of the media in the sense of social security of students. Security and Social Order Strategic Studies, 1(2), 42-65. (in Persian)
Ehsanifard, A. A., Shoayi, H. R., & Maleki Shoja, K. (2013). Assessing the sense of security of citizens in new cities, research: The new city of Stahard. Urban Management, 31, 317-334. (in Persian).
Ghasemi, M. (2010). Investigating the role of the medias in creating national convergence and sustainable security (with emphasis on convergence of the frontiersman of west Azerbaijan province). Police and Security, 3(2), 149-178. (in Persian).
Ghassabi, F., & Zare‑Farashbandi, F. (2015). The role of media in crisis management: A case study of Azarbayejan earthquake. International Journal of Health System and Disaster Management, 3(2), 95-102.
Gholipour, A., & Pourzate, A. A. (2008). Reflection on the role of the national media in monitoring and management of the hidden social crisis: Ethnic management. Communication Researches, 15(56), 29- 46. (in Persian).
Granemayepour, A., & Noorozpour, M. R. (2011). Take a look at the role of the national media in the trend of communication experts to the news and media reports of the tenth presidential election. Communication Culture, 1(1), 170-192. (in Persian).
Heydari, T., & Ahmadi, M. (2014). Codification & designing a crisis management system in the Electronic Municipality using the Uniform Modeling Method (UML). Urban Management, 37, 327-350. (in Persian).
Ismaili, A. R., & Sarikhani, M. (2014). Investigating the role of national media (Television) in developing entrepreneurship culture among youth (Case study: Gorgan city). Sociological Studies of Youth, 5(15), 9-46. (in Persian).
Izadi Yazdan Abadi, A., Ghazi, I., & Mirza Azadeh Ghasab, F. (2015). Prioritize media functions for effective management of the pre-crisis phase using hierarchical analysis method. Prevention Knowledge and Crisis Management, 5(2), 100-108. (in Persian).
Kavoshi, I., & Heydari Ruchi, M. (2012). Investigating the role of the national media in controlling Tehran's water crisis in 2001. Media Studies, 7(17), 117-132. (in Persian).
Mostafavi Kohangi, F. (2015). The role of the media in social security. Police Disciplinary Knowledge in the Capital, 8(1), 115- 134. (in Persian).
Mousavi, M. N., Yaghobi, M., Ghorbani, F., & Hatami, M. (2015). Citizen anticipation and its role in urban management (Case Study: Ilam City). Urban Management Studies, 7(23), 29-41. (in Persian).
Rabbani, R., Abbaszadeh, M., Mola'i, M., & Kermani, B. (2010). The impact of mass media on women's insecurity. Communications Research, 17(4), 79-104. (in Persian).
Rahman-Zadeh, S. A., & Ghaffari Moein, Z. (2011). Investigating the role of the national media in the development of intercultural communication among Iranian ethnic groups from the point of view of the experts. Media Studies, 6(13), 233-249. (in Persian).
Sadeghian, S. J. (2009). Investigating the functional role of media in national and public security. Disciplinary Knowledge, 12(1), 165-189. (in Persian).
Saeedi Mehr, S., Gravandi, S., Saheb Al-Zamani, M., & Mohammadi, M. J. (2014). The effect of crisis management training on nurses' awareness in crisis conditions management. Journal of Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences, 2(4), 46-52. (in Persian).
Sajjadi Qidari, H., Sadeghloo, T., & Reisi, I. (2014). Assessing the knowledge level of crisis management of rural local managers with an emphasis on earthquake (Case study: Sarvestan country). Rural Research, 5(3), 541-564. (in Persian).
Sarafi, M., & Abdollahi, M. (2008). Analyzing the concept of citizenship and assessing its position in the laws, regulations and urban management of the country. Geographical Research, 3. (in Persian).
Shahmohammadi, A. R. (2011). The role of the media in national security. Media Studies, 6(14), 43-56. (in Persian).
Stephens, K. K., & Malone, P. C. (2009). If organizations won’t give us information …: The use of multiple new media in crisis technical translation and dialogue. Journal of Public Relations Research, 21(2), 229-239.
Zhu, L., Anagondahalli. D., & Zhang, A. (2017). Social media and culture in crisis communication: McDonald’s and KFC crises management in China. Public Relations Review, 43(3), 487-492.
_||_Ahmadi, I. (2015). Role of media on crisis management. Exploratory Studies in Law and Management, 2(3), 190-197.
Amini, M. T., Pirali, A. R., & Siyadat, S. (2015). Strategies for improving the sense of social security (Case study: Citizens of Shiraz). Management System, 5(15), 27-62. (in Persian).
Bakx, M. (2012). The role of social media in crisis communication from a democratic perspective. Master Thesis of Public Administration, University of Twente.
Baron, G. (2010). Response suggestions and public participation the new norm in response management. Crisis Comm.
Baubion, C.(2013). The role of media in crisis management. Animal Ecology, 45, 791-816.
Bruns, A. (2014). Crisis communication. In S. Cunningham, & S. Turnbull (Eds.), The media and communications in Australia (pp. 351-355). Sydney, Australia: Allen & Unwin.
Chan, J. C. (2014). The role of social media in crisis preparedness, response and recovery. Public Relations Research, 8(4), 279-295.
Dehghani, H., & Akbarzadeh, F. (2013). The role of the media in the sense of social security of students. Security and Social Order Strategic Studies, 1(2), 42-65. (in Persian)
Ehsanifard, A. A., Shoayi, H. R., & Maleki Shoja, K. (2013). Assessing the sense of security of citizens in new cities, research: The new city of Stahard. Urban Management, 31, 317-334. (in Persian).
Ghasemi, M. (2010). Investigating the role of the medias in creating national convergence and sustainable security (with emphasis on convergence of the frontiersman of west Azerbaijan province). Police and Security, 3(2), 149-178. (in Persian).
Ghassabi, F., & Zare‑Farashbandi, F. (2015). The role of media in crisis management: A case study of Azarbayejan earthquake. International Journal of Health System and Disaster Management, 3(2), 95-102.
Gholipour, A., & Pourzate, A. A. (2008). Reflection on the role of the national media in monitoring and management of the hidden social crisis: Ethnic management. Communication Researches, 15(56), 29- 46. (in Persian).
Granemayepour, A., & Noorozpour, M. R. (2011). Take a look at the role of the national media in the trend of communication experts to the news and media reports of the tenth presidential election. Communication Culture, 1(1), 170-192. (in Persian).
Heydari, T., & Ahmadi, M. (2014). Codification & designing a crisis management system in the Electronic Municipality using the Uniform Modeling Method (UML). Urban Management, 37, 327-350. (in Persian).
Ismaili, A. R., & Sarikhani, M. (2014). Investigating the role of national media (Television) in developing entrepreneurship culture among youth (Case study: Gorgan city). Sociological Studies of Youth, 5(15), 9-46. (in Persian).
Izadi Yazdan Abadi, A., Ghazi, I., & Mirza Azadeh Ghasab, F. (2015). Prioritize media functions for effective management of the pre-crisis phase using hierarchical analysis method. Prevention Knowledge and Crisis Management, 5(2), 100-108. (in Persian).
Kavoshi, I., & Heydari Ruchi, M. (2012). Investigating the role of the national media in controlling Tehran's water crisis in 2001. Media Studies, 7(17), 117-132. (in Persian).
Mostafavi Kohangi, F. (2015). The role of the media in social security. Police Disciplinary Knowledge in the Capital, 8(1), 115- 134. (in Persian).
Mousavi, M. N., Yaghobi, M., Ghorbani, F., & Hatami, M. (2015). Citizen anticipation and its role in urban management (Case Study: Ilam City). Urban Management Studies, 7(23), 29-41. (in Persian).
Rabbani, R., Abbaszadeh, M., Mola'i, M., & Kermani, B. (2010). The impact of mass media on women's insecurity. Communications Research, 17(4), 79-104. (in Persian).
Rahman-Zadeh, S. A., & Ghaffari Moein, Z. (2011). Investigating the role of the national media in the development of intercultural communication among Iranian ethnic groups from the point of view of the experts. Media Studies, 6(13), 233-249. (in Persian).
Sadeghian, S. J. (2009). Investigating the functional role of media in national and public security. Disciplinary Knowledge, 12(1), 165-189. (in Persian).
Saeedi Mehr, S., Gravandi, S., Saheb Al-Zamani, M., & Mohammadi, M. J. (2014). The effect of crisis management training on nurses' awareness in crisis conditions management. Journal of Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences, 2(4), 46-52. (in Persian).
Sajjadi Qidari, H., Sadeghloo, T., & Reisi, I. (2014). Assessing the knowledge level of crisis management of rural local managers with an emphasis on earthquake (Case study: Sarvestan country). Rural Research, 5(3), 541-564. (in Persian).
Sarafi, M., & Abdollahi, M. (2008). Analyzing the concept of citizenship and assessing its position in the laws, regulations and urban management of the country. Geographical Research, 3. (in Persian).
Shahmohammadi, A. R. (2011). The role of the media in national security. Media Studies, 6(14), 43-56. (in Persian).
Stephens, K. K., & Malone, P. C. (2009). If organizations won’t give us information …: The use of multiple new media in crisis technical translation and dialogue. Journal of Public Relations Research, 21(2), 229-239.
Zhu, L., Anagondahalli. D., & Zhang, A. (2017). Social media and culture in crisis communication: McDonald’s and KFC crises management in China. Public Relations Review, 43(3), 487-492.