تبیین سیاست‌های فرهنگی تاثیرگذار بر بازآفرینی شهری فرهنگ محور (با تاکید بر تجارب بازآفرینی شهری استانبول ترکیه)
محورهای موضوعی : معماری
علی کریم زاده
1
,
سید کمال الدین شهریاری
2
,
مهیار اردشیری
3
1 - دانش آموخته دکتری شهرسازی، گروه شهرسازی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار دانشکده هنر و معماری، گروه شهرسازی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 - استادیار،گروه شهرسازی، واحد بیضا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیضا، ایران.
کلید واژه: بازآفرینی شهری, رویکرد فرهنگی, سیاست فرهنگی, بازآفرینی شهری فرهنگ محور,
چکیده مقاله :
در بیست سال اخیر، سیاست‌های فرهنگی تأثیرگذار بر برنامه‌ریزی شهری، نیاز به بازآفرینی مناطق بی‌رونق شهری و حرکت به سمت فعالیت‌های خلاق فرهنگی در جهت پیشرفت‌های اقتصادی و اجتماعی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش به روش کیفی صورت پذیرفته و ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، منابع کتابخانه‌ای و اسناد بوده است. هدف این پژوهش تبیین مولفه‌های فرهنگی تأثیر گذار بر بازآفرینی شهری فرهنگ محور می‌باشد که مولفه‌هایی چون کاربری‌های فرهنگی، فعالیت‌های فرهنگی درفضای عمومی شهری، ترکیب فعالیت‌های فرهنگی با طراحی شهری خلاقانه، حفاظت میراث فرهنگی و گردشگری فرهنگی را به عنوان معیارهایی کلیدی معرفی نموده و در سه پروژه بازآفرینی شهری در شهر استانبول ترکیه مورد مقایسه و این نتیجه حاصل گردید که بازآفرینی شهری با بهره گیری از صنایع خلاق فرهنگی منجر به احیای اقتصادی مناطق مورد نظر گردیده و همگرایی اقتصاد و فرهنگ تأثیرات بسزایی بر بازآفرینی بناهای تاریخی داشته است.
The institutionalization of cultural events play an important role in stabilizing approach to urban regeneration and improving environmental quality as a factor for heritage protection, restoration and rehabilitation of physical structures, new design and new functions in line with the previous and the arrival of new structures. The cultural regeneration of a culture as a development strategy is very important in the local and global scale. Since the 1970s, many European cities, some sort of restructuring was unexpected that the reasons may be handling industry and consequently employment, migration, urban middle class to the suburbs, changing patterns of employment, the development of shopping centers outside the cities and increasing dependence on private car ownership. In the 70's decade, the manufacturing sector, followed by urban decline and governments attempt to shift to a service economy, including the factors that cause changes in the theory of politicians in the 80's decade, which for the first time, culture as a tool of urban regeneration and economic problems were caused. Due to concerns of the finance, the arts and creative industries in particular emerged quickly led to economic development. Taking into account this new reality, many cities were forced together in the quest for uniqueness of the cultural, human and physical advantage over their competition to emphasize to other cities. This competition between cities in an effort to attract and deploy them in the field of hi-tech industries, as well as private sector investment and become a central part in national and international tourism and culture reflected. Increased competition led many in the policy with the aim of recreating the index of cultural distinctions from other cities, driven, in which the cultures plays a key role in urban regeneration policies. The main objective of this research is to develop a conceptual framework in order to explain the policies, culture-based urban regeneration and cultural factors affecting urban regeneration. In this regard, this study seeks to answer the question, "What are the cultural policies affecting urban regeneration?" Then, the approaches and cultural policies, and at the end of the components such as the "cultural uses", "urban cultural activities in the public space", "combines urban design creative cultural activities", "protection of cultural heritage" and "cultural tourism" as key measures of culture-based urban regeneration, urban regeneration project has introduced a three comparative tests were in Istanbul, Turkey. In this paper, the strategy of logical reasoning is used as a research strategy. This article is largely descriptive, sowe will attempt to review the concepts of urban renewal, cultural policy effectively introduced and the role and function in culture-based urban regeneration scrutiny and thus the basis for the continuation and identify pathways towards cultural policy affecting culture-based urban regeneration are provided. The skill of reading and studding documents based on the contents of the books, articles and documents as tools for research in relation to urban regeneration projects in the study sample were used. Finally, examples of effective components of the solutions culture-based to successfully achieve urban regeneration projects.
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