مدلسازی ساختاری تفسیری اثرات توسعه شهری بر آلودگی¬های زیست محیطی (مطالعه موردی: کلان¬شهر کرج)
محورهای موضوعی : ارزیابی پی آمدهای محیط زیستی
محمدمهدی بهرامی خندان
1
,
سعید کامیابی
2
*
,
محمدرضا زندمقدم
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران.
3 - دانشیارگروه جغرافیا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران.
کلید واژه: توسعه شهری, مدل¬سازی ساختاری - تفسیری, آلودگی محیط زیستی, توسعه پایدار.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: نقش دوسویه شهرها در ایجاد تنش‌های زیست محیطی و پتانسیل آنها برای تغییر جهت به سوی توسعه پایدار این مراکز را حساس و حایز اهمیت و با چالش‌های متعددی مواجه کرده است. بهطوری‌که، امروزه چالش‌های محیط زیست و زیرساخت‌های شهری به عنوان یک مسئلة جدی در مقابل شهروندان و مدیران شهری و تصمیم‌سازان عرصه زندگی مدنی قرار گرفته است. در این راستا، این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی اثرات توسعه شهری بر آلودگیهای زیست محیطی کلانشهر کرج و طراحی ارتباطات این عوامل میباشد.
روش بررسی: این پژوهش از نظر هدف گذاری کاربردی و از نظر روش انجام به صورت توصیفی- تحلیلی است. به منظور شناسایی عوامل موثر بر آلودگیهای زیست محیطی، از روش تحلیل محتوا استفاده گردید. در بخش مدلسازی ساختاری تفسیری، از نظرات خبره دانشگاهی صاحبنظر در حوزه محیط زیست شهری استفاده شده است. ابزار جمعآوری دادهها پرسشنامه دوبه دویی میباشد. دادهها و اطلاعات به دست آمده با استفاده از روش تحلیلی نوین ساختاری تفسیری (ISM) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است و در نهایت با استفاده از تحلیل MICMAC نوع متغیرها با توجه به اثرگذاری و اثرپذیری بر سایر متغیرها مشخص و خوشهبندی شدند.
یافتهها: یافتههای پژوهش نشان داد عامل آلودگی هوا یا کیفیت هوا با میزان قدرت نفوذ 8 بیشترین تاثیرگذاری و به عنوان مهمترین عامل اثرگذار بر آلودگی زیست محیطی ناشی از توسعه شهر کرج میباشد. در سوی مقابل آلودگیهای ناشی از صنعت ساخت و ساز و وارونگی هوا مشترکاً با میزان قدرت نفوذ 2 کمترین تاثیر را بر آلودگی هوای کلانشهر کرج دارند.
بحث و نتیجهگیری: با توجه به نتایج بهدست آمده، می‌توان گفت که در شهر کرج کیفیت هوا و آلودگی زیست محیطی از اهمیت بسیاری برخوردار است. بنابراین، لازم است که در برنامه‌ریزی توسعه شهری و جامعه‌سازی، رعایت ملاحظات زیست محیطی به عنوان یک اولویت برجسته مدنظر قرار گیرد.
Background and Objective: The dual role of cities in creating environmental tensions and their potential to change the direction towards sustainable development has made these centers sensitive and important and facing many challenges. So, today the challenges of the environment and urban infrastructure are facing citizens and city managers and decision makers in the field of civil life as a serious issue. In this regard, this research aims to identify the effects of urban development on the environmental pollution of Karaj metropolis and design the relationships of these factors.
Material and Methodology: This research is applied in terms of goal setting and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In order to identify the factors affecting environmental pollution, content analysis method was used. In the interpretive structural modeling section, the opinions of academic experts in the field of urban environment have been used. The data collection tool is a two-by-two questionnaire. The obtained data and information have been analyzed using the new interpretive structural analytical method (ISM) and finally, by using MICMAC analysis, the types of variables have been identified and clustered according to their impact and effectiveness on other variables. became
Findings: The findings of the research showed that the factor of air pollution or air quality with the penetration power of 8 is the most effective and the most important factor affecting the environmental pollution caused by the development of Karaj city. On the other hand, the pollution caused by the construction industry and air inversion have the least impact on the air pollution of Karaj metropolis with the penetration power of 2.
Discussion and conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be said that air quality and environmental pollution are very important in Karaj city. Therefore, it is necessary to consider environmental considerations as a prominent priority in planning urban development and community building.
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