بررسی فیتوشیمیایی اسانس دراکوتیپ‌های مختلف گیاه دارویی .Teucrium persicum Boiss در استان فارس

محورهای موضوعی : فیتوشیمی

لیلا باقرپور ¹ (کارشناسی‌ارشد فیتوشیمی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
وحید روشن ² (استادیارمرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات وآموزش کشاورزی ،شیراز، ایران)
اعظم منفرد ³ (استادیار گروه شیمی ،دانشگاه پیام نور،تهران ،ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/08/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/03/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/06/01

کلید واژه: اسانس, ارتفاع, آلفا- پینن, بتا- پینن, مریم نخودی شیرازی, والریانول,

چکیده مقاله :

مریم نخودی (Teucrium persicum Boiss.) یک گیاه بومی ایرانی متعلق به تیره نعناعیان می‌باشد که در درمان بیماری های گوارشی استفاده می‌شود و 12 گونه آن در ایران وجود دارد. به این منظور، پژوهشی جهت بررسی و مقایسه ترکیبات اسانس گیاه Teucrium persicum در چهار منطقه جغرافیایی استان فارس در سال 1393 صورت گرفت. این مناطق شامل داراب- گردنه بزن، منطقه کوه زیره داراب، قیرکارزین و زاخارویه به‌ترتیب با 1500، 1400، 950 و 800 ارتفاع از سطح دریا بودند. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداری از اﻧﺪامﻫﺎی ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ (ﮔﻞ و ﺑـﺮگ) ﮔﯿـﺎه در مرحله گلدهی اﻧﺠـﺎم ﮔﺮﻓـﺖ و در دمای اتاق ﺧﺸﮏ و اﺳﺎﻧﺲ آن ﺑﻪروش ﺗﻘﻄﯿﺮ ﺑﺎ آب ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮐﻠﻮﻧﺠﺮ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﮔﺮدﯾـﺪ. ﺟﻬـﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت اﺳﺎﻧﺲ از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه GC/MS اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در مجموع 93 ترکیب در اسانس جمعیت‌های T. percicumشناسایی شد که تعداد و نوع ترکیب‌ها در اسانس این جمعیت‌ها، تفاوت زیادی دارد. بیشترین ترکیب اسانس متعلق به رویشگاه کوه زیره داراب (68 ترکیب) شناسایی شد، در حالی که بیشترین بازده اسانس در رویشگاه زاخارویه (3/0 درصد) مشاهده شد. رویشگاه کوه زیره داراب بالاترین درصد از آلفا پینن، بتا- پینن، لیمونن و والریانول دارای کیفیت بالایی از اسانس بوده و بهترین محل رویش برای گیاه T. percicum در این پژوهش می باشد. ترکیب های آلفا-پینن، بتا-پینن، ای کاریوفیلن و کاریو فیلن اکسید به‌عنوان ترکیبات مهم اسانس در هر چهار منطقه بودند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Teucriumpersicum Boiss.is an Iranian endemic plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family which has traditionally been used to relieve abdominal pains, there are 12 species in Iran. The bulks aromatic plants come from wild populations whose essential oils compositions as well as their biological properties are severely affected by the geographical location Therefore, the aim of the present work is to provide more information on the variation of essential oil composition of T. persicum collected from four different geographical regions in Fars province in 2014. These areas were darab-gardanebezan, Zireh-darab, Ghir-karizin, and Zakharoyeh with, 1500, 1400, 950 and 800 meters altitudes respectively. Sampling of aerial parts (flowers and leaves) of the plant was carried out at flowering stage and dried in room temperature and the essential oil was obtained by hydro distillation using Clevenger machine.The GC / MS device was used to identify essential oils. A total of 93 combinations were identified in the essential oil of T. percicum populations, in which the number and type of compounds in the essential oils of these populations is very different. The most essential oil composition of this plant was identified in the darab-gardanebezan (68 combinations) mountain range, while the highest Essential oil yield was observed in, Zakharoyeh (0.3%). The habitat of Zireh-darab with the highest percentage of alpha pinene, beta-pinene, limonene and valerianol has high quality essential oil and is the best site for T. percicum plant in this study. Alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, E caryophylline and caryophylloin oxide were important components of essential oil in all four regions.  

منابع و مأخذ:

1.Adams, R.P. 2001. Identification of Essential oil Components by Gas chromatography / Mass Spectroscopy. Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, USA, 804p.

2.Amiri, H. 2008. Identification of the constitutive ingredients of the essential oil of (Teucrium Orientale (L.) subsp. taylori ((Boiss.) Rech. f.). Journal of Medicinal plants, 4(28): 100-104.

3.Amiri, H. 2010.Antioxidant Activity of the Essential oil and Methanolic Extract of (Teucrium Orientale (L.) subsp. Taylori ((Boiss.) Rech. f.). Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 9(4):417-423.

4.Awadh Ali, N.A., Wurster, M., Arnold, N., Lindequist, U. and Wessjohan, L.,2008.Chemical composition of the essential oil of (Teucrium yemense Deflers). Journal Records Natural Products 2(2): 25-32.

5.Bakhshikhanigi, Gh.R. Sefidkan, F. and  Dehghan, Z. 2010. A Study on the Effect of some Habitat Circumstances on the Quality and Quantity of (Ziziphora clinopodioides lam.). Quarterly Journal of Herbal Medicine, 1:11-20.

6.Bakhshikhanigi, Gh.R. and Hosseinzadegan, R. 2014. A study on the chemical compounds of the essence of the (Teucrium polium L.) in different habitats in Mazandaran Province. The latest Findings of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, 3(12):47-55.

7.Couladis, M., Tzakou, O., Verykokidou, E. and Harvala, C. 2003. Screening of some Greek aromatic plants for antioxidant activity. Journal Phytother Res earch, 17: 194-195.

8.Jamshidi, A.H., Amin zadeh, M., Azarnivand, H. and Abedi, M. 2006. The effect of height on the quality and quantity of the essence of (Thymus kotschyanus), (a case study in damavand area, tar lake basin). Journal of Medicinal plants, 2(18): 17-22.

9.Javidnia, K., Miri, R. and Khosravi, A.R. 2007. Composition of the essential oil of Teucrium premium Boiss.) From Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 19(5): 430-432.

10.Hassiotis, C.N. and Lazari, D.M. 2010. Decomposition process in the Mediterranean region. chemical compounds and essential oil degradation from (Myrtus communis L.). International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 20: 1-7.

11.Hayta, S., Yazgin, A. and Bagci, E. 2017. Constituents of the Volatile oils of two Teucrium Species from Turkey, Journal of Science and Technology, 7(2):140-144

12.Hossein zadegan, R. and Bakhshi khanigi, Gh.R. 2014. The effect of some ecological factors on the essential oil of (Teucrium polium L.).The latest findings of cellular and molecular biotechnology, 4(13): 65-70.

13.Kabouche, A., Touafek, O., Nacer, A., Kabouche, Z. and  Bruneau, C. 2006. Volatile oil constituents of (Teucrium atratum Pomel.) from Algeria. Journal Essent. Oil Research. 18: 175-177.

14.Mohammad Nejadganji, S.M., Moradi, H., Ghanbari, A. and Akbarzadeh, M. 2006. A Study on the effect of height on the quality and quantity of the active ingredients of the essential oil of (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) which is cultivated in two areas of Mazandaran province. Quarterly journal of ecophytochemistry of medicinal plants, 2(1):36-42.

15.Mahmudzadeh Tilmi, Z. 2014. The Study on the effect of some ecological factors on the quality and quantity of the essence of (Marrubium vulgar) in char bagh pastures in Golestan Province. MSc. thesis. Agriculture and Natural Resources School, Gonbad Kavoos University, 170p.

16.Masoudi, S., Aghajani, Z., Rustaiyan, A., Feizbakhsh, A. and Kakhky, A.M. 2009. Volatile constituents of (Teucrium persicum Boiss. Thymus caucasicus) Willd. ExRonniger subsp. grossheimii (Ronniger) Jalas. and Marrubium crassidens Boiss. Three Labiatae herbs growing wild in Iran. J. Essen. Oil Res., 21: 5-7.

17.Miri, A., Monsef-Esfahani, H.R., Amini, M., Amanzadeh, Y., Hadjiakhoondi, A., Hajiaghaee, R. and Ebrahimi, A. 2012. Comparative chemical composition and antioxidant properties of the essential oils and aromatic water from (Teucrium persicum Boiss(, Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 11(2):573-581.

18.Moghtader, M. 2009.Chemical composition of the essential oil of (Teucrium polium Boiss.) from Iran, Journal Agaric and Environ. Science, 5(6): 843-846.

19.Monsef-Esfahani, H.R., Miri, A., Amini, M., Amanzadeh, Y., Hadjiakhoondi, A., Hajiaghaee, R. and Ajani, Y. 2010. Seasonal variation in the chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content of (Teucrium persicum Boiss.) essential oils. Research Journal of Biological Sciences., 5(7): 492-498.

20.Morteza-Semnani, K., Akbarzadeh, M. and Rostami, B. 2005. The essential oil composition of (Teucrium chamaedrys L.) from Iran. Flavour Fragrance Journal, 20: 544-546.

21.Mozaffarian, V. 1996. A Dictionary of Iranian Plant Names. FarhangMoaser Publisher, Tehran, 756 p. (In Persian). 

22.Soltanipour, M.A. 2004. Investigation of phenological stages medicinal plant of (Salvia mirzayanii Rech. F. and Esfand) at different elevations of Hormozgan Province, Journal of Research and development, 4(17): 34-38. (In Persian)

23.Zargari, A. 1997. Medicinal Plants. Tehran University Publication, 980p. (In Persian).