بررسی خاصیت ضدسرطانی ترکیبات فنولی در گیاهان و میوه جات بومی یا کشت شده در ایران
محورهای موضوعی : فیتوشیمیسعید ملائی 1 , پوپک فرنیا 2 , جلال الدین غنوی 3 , علی اکبر ولایتی 4
1 - گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران
2 - ایران، مركز تحقیقات مايكوباكتريولوژي، پژوهشكده سل و بیماريهاي ريوي، مركز آموزشي، پژوهشي و درماني سل و بیماريهاي ريوي بیمارستان دكتر مسیح دانشوري، دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهید بهشتي، تهران، ايران
3 - مركز تحقیقات مايكوباكتريولوژي، پژوهشكده سل و بیماريهاي ريوي، مركز آموزشي، پژوهشي و درماني سل و بیماريهاي ريوي بیمارستان دكتر مسیح دانشوري، دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهید بهشتي، تهران، ايران
4 - مركز تحقیقات مايكوباكتريولوژي، پژوهشكده سل و بیماريهاي ريوي، مركز آموزشي، پژوهشي و درماني سل و بیماريهاي ريوي بیمارستان دكتر مسیح دانشوري، دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهید بهشتي، تهران، ايران
کلید واژه: آپوپتوز, سرطان, فلاونوئید, فنول, مکانیسم,
چکیده مقاله :
سرطان تکثیر غیرطبیعی و رشد کنترل نشده سلولی است. عوامل سرطانزا باعث آسیب DNA، کاهش عملکرد ژن سرکوبگر تومور و ایجاد تومور و متاستاز میشود. برخی از عوامل ایجاد سرطان عوامل فیزیکی همچون اشعه ماوراءبنفش، مواد شیمیایی، دود سیگار، رژیم غذایی نامتعادل، عوامل وابسته به شغل، وراثت، هورمونها، عوامل متابولیک و عوامل بیولوژیک به ویژه برخی باکتریها و ویروسها هستند. مهمترین روش درمان سرطان امروزه شیمی درمانی است که عوارض جانبی زیادی دارد و باعث مقاومت دارویی میشود. برخی ازگیاهان سالها به عنوان منبع قابل اعتمادی از عوامل ضدسرطان جهت تولید داروهای ضدسرطان شناخته میشوند. برخی ازگیاهان دارای اثرات پیشگیرانه و درمانی برعلیه سرطان هستند و برخی از آنها میتوانند عوارض جانبی شیمی درمانی و رادیوتراپی را کاهش دهند و نیز اقتصادی هستند. از مهمترین ترکیبات طبیعی موجود در گیاهان که میتوانند دارای خاصیت ضدسرطانی باشند، ترکیبات فنولی هستند. ترکیبات فنولی به گروههای مختلف همچون فنولهای ساده، فلاونوئیدها، کومارینها، فنولیک اسیدها، استیلبن ها و آنتراکینونها طبقه بندی میشوند. مکانیسم اثر ضدسرطانی اغلب این مواد مربوط به خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی و مهار رشد سلولهای توموری آنهاست. بسیاری از این ترکیبات به طور سنتی در مناطق مختلفی از جهان کاربرد دارند. در این مقاله مروری، ترکیبات فنولی دارای خاصیت ضدسرطان مورد بررسی قرار خواهند گرفت و مهمترین مکانیزمهای اثر آنها معرفی خواهد شد. ما امیدواریم که این مقاله، اطلاعات مفیدی را برای درک پتانسیل گیاهان در تولید ترکیبات ضدسرطانی جدید دراختیار خوانندگان قرار دهد و محققین را به انجام پروژه هایی که میتواند منجربه تولید داروهای جدید ضدسرطانی طبیعی شود، ترغیب نماید.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Cancer is abnormal cell proliferation and uncontrolled cell growth. Carcinogenic factors cause DNA damage, decrease the function of tumor suppressor gene and cause tumor and metastasis. Some of the causes of cancer are physical factors such as ultraviolet rays, chemicals, cigarette smoke, unbalanced diet, occupational factors, heredity, hormones, metabolic factors, and biological factors, especially some bacteria and viruses. The most important method of cancer treatment is chemotherapy, which has many side effects and causes drug resistance. Some plants have been known for years as a reliable and excellent source of anticancer agents for production of anticancer drugs. Some plants have preventive and therapeutic effects against cancer, and some of them can reduce side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and are also economical. One of the most important natural compounds in plants having anticancer properties are phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds are classified into different groups such as simple phenole, flavonoids, coumarins, phenolic acids, stilbenes and antraquinones. The mechanism of anticancer effect of most of these substances is related to their antioxidant property and inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. Many of these compounds are traditionally used in different regions of the world. In this review article, phenolic compounds with anticancer properties will be investigated and the most important mechanisms of their effects will be introduced. We hope that this article will provide readers with useful information to understand the potential of plants in producing new anticancer compounds and encourage researchers to undertake projects leading to development of new natural anticancer drugs.
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