اثر دور آبیاری و نسبت‌های مختلف کود شیمیایی و دامی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد چای ترش در شرایط اقلیمی ایرانشهر
محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی
سید مهدی جوادزاده
1
(گروه کشاورزی، واحد ایرانشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایرانشهر، ایران)
کلید واژه: تغذیه گیاهی, تلفیق کود, چای مکی, راندمان مصرف آب, کود حیوانی,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور مطالعه اثر سطوح آبیاری و کود بر عملکرد چای ترش، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در منطقه ایرانشهر اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل فواصل آبیاری 7، 14 و 21 روزه و نسبت های 100:0، 75:25، 50:50، 25:75 و 0:100 کود شیمیایی و آلی بود. سطوح مختلف آبیاری و نسبت های کودی بر اغلب صفات مورد مطالعه چای ترش تأثیر معنی داری داشتند. عملکرد کاسبرگ در دور آبیاری 14 روز، 1/8 گرم بر مترمربع بود که نسبت به دور آبیاری 7 روزه 6/10% افزایش داشت. اثربخشی تلفیق کود شیمیایی با کود دامی بر اجزای عملکرد چای ترش در مقایسه با مصرف جداگانه هر کدام از آن‌ها بیشتر بود. بیشترین عملکرد کاسبرگ در نسبت مساوی از کود دامی و شیمیایی به دست آمد که نسبت به کاربرد تک تک آن‌ها به ترتیب 7/23 و 2/32% بیشتر بود. کاربرد تلفیقی کود دامی و شیمیایی، زیست توده کل بیشتری ایجاد نمود. در نهایت، استفاده از نسبت مساوی کود دامی و شیمیایی با دور آبیاری 14 روزه در کشت و کار چای ترش در شرایط آبی و اقلیمی ایرانشهر توصیه می شود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
To study the effect of irrigation and fertilizer levels on yieldof roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Iranshahr, Iran in 2016.Treatments were included irrigation intervals of 7, 14 and 21 days and fertilizer ratios were included0:100, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 100:0 manure and chemical fertilizers. Irrigation and fertilizer levels had a significant effect on most of roselle characteristics. Calyx yield with irrigation interval of 14 days, it was about 8.1 g/m2, which was increased to 10.6 g/m2 compared to 7 days irrigation interval. Integrated application of chemical fertilizer with manure was more incresing on roselle yield components than their separate application. The highest calyx yield was obtained in equal ratio of manure and chemical fertilizer, which was 23.7 and 32.2% higher than their individual application of manure and chemical fertilizer, respectively. Integrated application of manure and chemical produced more biomass. Therefore, application of equal ratio of manure and chemical fertilizer with irrigation intervals of 14 days in Iranshahr aquatic and climatic conditions isrecommended for roselle cultivation.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Ahmadian A, Ganbari O, Golouy M (2008) Effect of manure on quantitative and qualitative yield and chemical indices of cumin essential oil (Cuminum cyminum). Iranian Agricultural Researches 4 (2): 316-207.
Akbarinia A, Ghalavand A, Tahmasebi Z, Sefidkon F, Sharifi Ashoorabadi A, Rezaei MB (2002) Effect of different feeding systems on yield and essential oil content of seeds Ajowan. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research 18: 89-109. [in Persian with English Abstract]
Akbarinia A, khosravifard M, sharifi ashourabadi E, babakhanlou P (2005) Effect of irrigation interval on yield and crop characteristics of Nigella sativa. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 21 (1): 65-73. [in Persian with English Abstract]
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Javadzadeh SM (2015) The effects of irrigation intervals on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Direct Research Journal of Agricultural and Food Science 3(5): 98-105.
Javadzadeh SM, Rezvani Moghaddam P, Banayan-Aval M, Asili J (2016) Ecophysiological studies of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) under ecological and conventional cropping systems. Master Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Agriculture: Mashhad, Iran. [in Persian with English abstract]
Javadzadeh SM, Rezvani Moghaddam P, Banayan-Aval M, Asili J (2017) Cardinal temperatures for germination of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Iranian Journal of Seed Research 3(2): 139-141.[In Persian with English abstract]
Javadzadeh SM (2018) Morpho-agronomic characteristics of two Roselle varieties (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tropical Iranshahr. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences 4(6): 99-104.
Javadzadeh SM, Saljooghianpour M (2015) The effect of different levels of irrigation and fertilizers, and organic in different growth stages on yield and yield components Hibiscus sabdariffa in climatic conditions Iranshahr. Final project report, Islamic Azad University - Iranshahr branch: Iranshahr, Iran. [In Persian with English abstract]
Javadzadeh, SM (2018) Study of phenology process of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in South-east Iran. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences 5(3): 99-104.
Javadzadeh SM, Rezvani Moghaddam P, Banayan-Aval M, Asili J (2018) Assessment of required growing degree days for phenological stages of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa. L) based on BBCH-scale in different cropping systems. Journal of Agroecology 10(2): 372-389.[in Persian with English abstract]
Gaballah MS, Ouda SA, Mandour MS, Rady MM (2007) Predicting the role of antioxidants and irrigation on sunflower yield grown under saline conditions. International Journal of Natural and Engineering Sciences 1(1): 5-10.
Ganpat S, Jshwar S, Bahti DS (1992) Response of blond psyllium (Plantago ovata) to irrigation and split application of nitrogen. Indian Journal Agronomy 37: 880-881.
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Ghanbari F, Nadjafi S, Shabahang S, Ghanbari A (2007) Effects of irrigation regimes and row arrangement on yield, yield components and seed quality of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). Asian Journal of Plant Science 6:1072-1079.
Ghosh PK, Ramesh P, Bandyopadhay KK, Tripathi AK, Hati KM, Misra AK (2004) Comparative effectiveness of cattle manure, poultry manure, phosphocompost and fertilizer-NPK on three cropping systems in vertisoils of semi-arid tropics. I. Crop yields and systems in performance. Bioresource Technology95: 77-83.
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Haruna IM, Aliyu LO, Olufajo O, Odion EC (2011) Growth of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as influenced by poultry manure, nitrogen and phosphorus in Samaru. Nigeria. American-Eurasian Journal Agriculture and Environment Science 10(4): 561-568.
Hasani AS (2006) Effect of water stress on growth, yield and essential oil content of Dracocephalum moldavica L. Scientific Research of Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 3(22):256-262.[in Persian with English abstract]
Hojati M, Modarres-Sanavy SAM, Karimi M, Ghanati F (2011). Responses of growth and antioxidant systems in Carthamus tinctorius L. under water deficit stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 33(1): 105-112.
Izadi AS (2001) Effect of moisture fraction on yield and yield components of two cotton cultivars. Master Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Agriculture: Mashhad, Iran. [in Persian with English abstract]
Kapoor R, Giri B, Mukerji KG (2004) Improved growth and essential oil yield and quality in Foeniculum vulgare Mill on mycorrhizal inoculation supplemented with P-fertilizer. Bioresource Technology 93: 307–311.
Khalil AM, Khalil SE, Ali TB (2012) Effect of water stress, antioxidants and humic acid on Capsicum annuum, L. growth, yield and active ingredient under sandy soil conditions. Egyptian journal of applied science 27 (1):35-56.
Kjellstrom C (1993) Comparative growth analysis of Brassica napus and Brassica juncea under Swedish Conditions. Journal Plant Science 73:795- 801.
Koocheki A, Nassiri Mahallati M, Azizi G (2006) The effect of different irrigation intervals and plant densities on yield and yield components of two fennel (Foenicolum vulgare L.) landraces. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 4:131-140. [in Persian with English abstract]
Krogman KK, Hobbs EH (1975) Yield and morphological response of rape (Brassica campestris I. cv. Span) to irrigation and fertilizer treatments. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 55(4):903-909.
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