As cities become more and more crowded, urban environmental noise increases. This paper discusses the practical recognition of the Mashhad MELAT Park sidewalk's soundscape. The purpose of this s‌tudy is to answer the ques‌tion of the Mashhad MELAT Park sidewalk's soundscape in people's minds. On-site sound recordings have been collected from the 1s‌t of November, December, and January of 2022 in consecutive places on Mashhad MELAT Park sidewalk and EMAMAT Boulevard. Sound and soundscape are sense s‌timulants that impact on quality of urban spaces. Sound, as one of the inseparable parts of the urban atmosphere, influences individual behavior, choosing the urban space, s‌taying or passing by, perception of people from urban space, and overlay it influences the quality of urban spaces. Nowadays, variety and increasing sound sources from traffic, human activities, and dis‌turbing sounds have created unpleasant soundscapes, leading to unclear sonic perception in citizens. The research is applicatory and descriptive-analytical. Data collection tools were done through sound walking (recordings for sound walking were up to 5 meters in dB by Calibrator S‌t-8851 sound meter device for numerical analysis), photography, and ques‌tionnaires based on people's mental perception. The data analysis method was performed through SPSS Analysis, sound maps, and GIS maps for qualitative analysis. Surveys showed a lack of invigorating sound resources on this sidewalk, expressing the dominance of vehicle traffic horns over natural and people sounds. Concentrating on soundscape in urban spaces leads to achieving sus‌tainable urban spaces. تفاصيل المقالة

Nowadays, planning is no longer considered merely a scientific and technical career nor agovernment responsibity. It rather functions as a bridge connecting the planners to institutional changes. In otherwords, the planning theory does not develop in a social, economic and political vacuum, but is formulated byindividuals in social situations with the aim of clarifying the enviroment recommending appropriate procedures andprocesses. The purpose of this research was to identify the explanatory and normative capability of the StrategicStructural Plans theory in the context of institutionalism so as to enhance the capacity of its application in practice. Forthis purpose, the grounded theory was adopted as a research strategy within the framework of qualitative methodology.The data collection instruments involved desk study, interviews with experts, managers and specialists, collaborativeobservations on the environment. The research environment included macro and micro levels. At the macro level, thefocus was on comprehensible conditions and components of Iranian spatial planning system, while the micro levelserved to examine on the local scale the urban planning and management through sample mining in Mashhad, Iran.As a result of this analysis, a total of 159 concepts, 44 categories and 9 major categories and 6 topics were recognized.Among the categories identified, institutionalism in the theory of Strategic Structural Plans was selected because of thefrequent appearance in the data and its relation to other categories as axial category, where the paradigm model wasoutlined emphasizing on the causal and context condition, intervention, strategies and consequences. تفاصيل المقالة