Crowing-type chicken is one of the important chicken breeds in Indonesia. This study was conducted to investigate the crowing characters of Pelung chicken and the effect of exon 7 FoxP2 gene polymorphism in mute chicken. Chicken were obtained from local breeder. Pelung chicken crowing and morphology characterizations were conducted in Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Chicken breeding (♀ broiler×♂ Pelung and ♀ Pelung×♂ F1), DNA extraction and FoxP2 gene amplification were conducted at the Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University. Results showed that the crowing duration was approximately 8.435 ± 1.647 s, consisting of 1.104 ± 0.210 s first syllable, 5.532 ± 1.274 s second syllable, and 1.858 ± 0.969 s third syllable. Cross-breeding between Pelung and broiler chicken resulted in chicken progeny all of which were of non-crowing-type. Our breeding results indicated that long crowing traits followed recessive autosomal inheritance. Sanger sequencing revealed an identical exon 7 sequence in mute and normal crowing-type chicken. Therefore, crowing is an important character for determining chicken breed purity, and our bioacoustic analysis was applicable in chicken show. تفاصيل المقالة

In the world of poultry farming, female chicken positioned as parent stock must exhibit excellent laying performance without broodiness and inherit body weight related traits to her offspring. Prolactin is widely accepted to have an important role in the onset and maintenance of broodiness event. The aim of this study is to identify a valuable genetic marker for studying the polymorphism of prolactin (Prl) and prolactin promoter (Prl-P) in Indonesian chicken lines using morphology and molecular data. Experimental chicken lines were produced from broiler (non-broodiness chicken line) and pelung (Indonesian native chicken; broodiness chicken line) selective breeding for five generations. The broodiness event and body weight of each generation of chicken lines were observed and compared with Brown Leghorn as a non-broodiness outgroup. The body weight of chickens were measured weekly from hatch to 49 days of age. Molecular data were archived using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RLFP) and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). After five generations of genetics selection, at 49 days, the body weight of experimental chicken lines and growth rate were decreased, while broody behavior occurrence was diminished. RFLP and SSCP analysis failed to differentiate broody to non-broody genotype and excellent to poor body weight in each generation due to the non-specific primer. Our conclusion is that broodiness is a recessive trait and can be eliminated by selective breeding. تفاصيل المقالة

Pelung chicken, as one of the Indonesian indigenous chicken breeds, is known for its distinct characteristics. Pelung chicken has been an object of selective breeding programs due to its slow-growing performance, particularly in live weight gain. Through selective breeding, the backcross and its reciprocal generations have been produced. This study was aimed to identify the phenotypes, performance in live weight gain, and insulin gene (INS) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C1549T genotyping. The phenotypes consisted of morphometrics and morphological traits. The tetra-primeramplificationrefractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) method was used to detect the SNP C1549T of the INS gene. The live weight gain of reciprocal backcross (RBC1) outperformed the first backcross (BC1) chickens. Morphometrics and morphological traits of BC1 and RBC1 indicated a directional selection effect towards pelung chicken. The transition mutation of SNP C1549T was only detected in RBC1 chickens as CT genotype (44.44%) and TT genotype (55.56%). The presence of SNP C1549T might have a significant association with the live weight gain of RBC1. T-ARMS-PCR method is suitable for the rapid detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms. Additional studies are required to confirm the association of INS gene polymorphism and live weight gain with a larger population size. تفاصيل المقالة

The ovoinhibitor (OIH) has been identified in all egg compartments including egg white, egg yolk, and eggshell. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between OIH gene polymorphism and egg quality in the Golden Kamper Hybrid chickens. The chickens used in this study were BC Golden Kamper and F4 Golden Kamper. Chickens were maintained in the individual cage to observe egg quality. Chicken blood samples were taken for DNA isolation by Chelex 5% method followed by OIH gene amplification and polymorphism detection with sanger sequencing. Significant differences in egg quality were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The relationship between genotype and haplotype with egg quality was analyzed using Pearson correlation. Average egg weight, egg length, shell weight, and shell thickness of BC Golden Kamper were 47.06 ± 2.91 g, 5.13 ± 0.3 mm, 4.58 ± 0.52 g, 0.30 ± 0.03 mm and F4 Golden Kamper was 47.42 ± 3.74 g, 5.16 ± 0.2 mm, 5.18 ± 0.33 g and 0.315 ± 00 mm. The mean albumen height, haugh unit, and yolk color of BC Golden Kamper was 5.4 ± 1.14 mm, 85.86 ± 8.71, 8.80 ± 0.45 and F4 Golden Kamper was 6.13 ± 0.33 mm, 79.42 ± 2.21, 8.00 ± 0. There was a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) G4363T in the OIH gene intron 7. Genotype (GG and TT) and haplotype (H1 and H2) were significantly negatively correlated with albumen weight (P<0.05), shell weight (P<0.05), and shell thickness (P<0.05). تفاصيل المقالة

Prolactin (PRL) Gene in chicken was closely related to broodiness and brooding behavior that located at chromosome 2. This research was conducted to detect insertion/deletion (in/del) 24-bp polymorphism in the prolactin promoter gene and its association with the BC1 hybrid chicken egg productivity. Procedures of this research conducted are chicken maintenance, egg collection for 23 weeks of production, eggs proximate quality (water, ash, protein, carbohydrate, fat, and fiber percentage), DNA isolation, PRL gene amplification, and visualizing DNA bands on PRL promoters. The results showed the average number of cumulative eggs of BC1 chicken for 23 weeks was 42.9 eggs, lower than layer (104.34 eggs), and higher than pelung (30.17 eggs). Analysis using the pearson correlation test shows the frequency of insertion-deletion polymorphism alleles on the PRL promoter has a signification value of 0.521 and correlation value 0,684, so it is concluded that there is no correlation (P>0.05). Proximate test results of BC1 whole raw egg chicken has characteristics of low fat (3.2%) and high carbohydrate (9.1%) compared to commercial egg and has a calorie content of 98.37/100 g of the sample. تفاصيل المقالة