The cross-efficiency ranking method is a well-known method in DEA which is frequently used under the constant returns to scale assumption; while various applications exist based on the variable returns to scale (VRS). This is due to the presence of negative input-oriented VRS cross-efficiencies. In this paper, each cross-efficiency is replaced by an equivalent distance measure as inefficiency measure. Then, the cross-inefficiency method is developed under the VRS assumption. تفاصيل المقالة