مدیریت تنش خشکی با استفاده از تنظیم کننده‌های رشد و عنصر روی بر عملکرد ذرت (Zea Mays L.) 704 در استان اصفهان
الموضوعات :
مرتضی سام دلیری
1
,
مرتضی مبلغی
2
,
ساناز سلیمان پور
3
,
امیر عباس موسوی میرکلائی
4
1 - گروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران
2 - گروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران
3 - گروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران
4 - گروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: شاخص کلروفیل, جیبرلین, پروتئین‌خام, سالیسیلیک‌اسید, آبسیزیک‌اسید,
ملخص المقالة :
به‌منظور بررسی صفات مورفولوژیک و عملکرد ذرت رقم 704 سینگل‌کراس تحت تاثیر محلول‌پاشی مواد تنظیم کننده‌های رشد و تنش خشکی در استان اصفهان آزمایشی در دو سال زراعی به صورت مجزا در قالب اسپلیت پلات با 3 تکرار به اجرا درآمد. تیمار اصلی شامل تنش خشکی در 3 سطح شاهد، تنش ملایم و تنش شدید (به‌ترتیب آبیاری بر اساس 100، 85 و 70 درصد نیاز آبی ذرت)، و تیمار فرعی محلول‌پاشی شامل تیمار محلول‌پاشی آب مقطر به عنوان شاهد، کود نانو روی (دو گرم در یک لیتر آب)، سالیسیلیک‌اسید (5 میلی‌مولار)، آبسزیک‌اسید (100 میکرومولار)، جیبرلین (100 پی‌پی‌ام) بود. نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش نشان داد اثر سال بر عملکرد بیولوژیک، پروتئین‌خام و عملکردعلوفه‌تر معنی‌دار شد. تیمارهای تنش‌های خشکی و تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی بر صفات شاخص سطح برگ، شاخص کلروفیل، عملکرد بیولوژیک، پروتئین‌خام و عملکرد علوفه‌تر معنی‌دار گردید. بیشترین عملکرد علوفه‌تر با 44/90 تن در هکتار در تیمار آبیاری کامل با سالیسیلیک اسید حاصل شد. تیمار سالیسیلیک اسید منجر به افزایش عملکرد علوفه‌تر تحت شرایط آبیاری کامل گردید، همچنین تیمار سالیسیلیک‌اسید به‌ترتیب باعث کاهش خسارت 27 و 9 درصدی در تیمارهای تنش ملایم و تنش شدید گشت. با توجه به نتایج آزمایش و بررسی روند رشد محصول استفاده از تیمار سالیسیلیک اسید طی سه دوره محلول‌پاشی در سه مرحله هشت برگی، غلاف دوگانه و در قبل از ظهور تاسل، توانست میزان خسارت تنش خشکی به عملکرد علوفه‌تر را کاهش داده و برای شرایط مشابه با آزمایش حاضر قابل توصیه می‌باشد.
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Aboutalebian, M. and Khodabandehloo, N. (2017). Improving yield and water use efficiency of corn under water deficit conditions by using mycorrhiza and foliar application of zinc sulfate. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science. 48: 57-70.
Adhikari, T., Kundu, S., Biswas, A. K., Tarafdar, J. C. and Subba Rao, A. (2015). Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nano Particles and Their Effect on Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.) Plant, Journal of Plant Nutrition. 38(10): 1505-1515.
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Ashraf, M., Karim, F., and Rasul, E. (2002). Interactive effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) and salt stress on growth, ion accumulation and photosynthetic capacity of two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars differing in salt tolerance. Plant Growth Regulation. 36(1): 49-59.
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Bandurska, H. (2005). The effect of salicylic acid on barley response to water deficit. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 27(3): 379-386.
Bijanzadeh, E., Naderi, R. and Egan, T. P. (2019). Exogenous application of humic acid and salicylic acid to alleviate seedling drought stress in two corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 42: 1483-1495.
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Cornish, K., and Zeevaart, J. A. (1986). Abscisic acid accumulation by in situ and isolated guard cells of Pisum sativum L. and Vicia faba L. in relation to water stress. Plant Physiology. 81(4): 1017-1021.
Daneshmand, F., Arvin, M. J., Keramat, B. and Momeni, N. (2012). Interactive Effects Of Salt Stress And Salicylic Acid On Germination And Plant Growth Parameters Of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Under Field Conditions. Journal Of Plant Process And Function. 1: 57-70.
El-Tayeb, M. A. (2005). Response of barley grains to the interactive e.ect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation. 45: 215-224.
Farooq, M., Basra, S. M. A., Rehman, H. and Saleem, B. A. (2008). Seed Priming Enhances the Performance of Late Sown Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Improving Chilling Tolerance. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 194: 55-60.
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Fathi, G. (2005). Drought and nitrogen effects on nitrogen remobilization in six wheat cultivars. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Science, 36: 1093-1101.
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Adhikari, T., Kundu, S., Biswas, A. K., Tarafdar, J. C. and Subba Rao, A. (2015). Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nano Particles and Their Effect on Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.) Plant, Journal of Plant Nutrition. 38(10): 1505-1515.
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Akram, M. (2011). Growth and yield components of wheat under water stress of different growth stages. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research. 36: 455-468.
Akter, N., Rafiqul Islam, M., Abdul Karim, M., and Hossain, T. (2014). Alleviation of drought stress in maize by exogenous application of gibberellic acid and cytokinin. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology. 17(1): 41-48.
Akter, S., Rasul, M. G., Zakaria, M., Sarker, M. M., Nila, I. S., Dutta, S., Haque, M. M. and Rohman, M. M. (2019). Effect of Polyamine on Pigmentation, Reactive Oxidative Species and Antioxidant under Drought in Maize (Zea mays L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology. 6: 799-811.
Ansari, O. and Sharif-Zadeh, F. (2012). Does Gibberelic acid (GA), Salicylic acid (SA) and Ascorbic acid (ASc) improve Mountain Rye (Secale montanum) seeds germination and seedlings growth under cold stress. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences. 3(8):1651-1657.
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Bijanzadeh, E., Naderi, R. and Egan, T. P. (2019). Exogenous application of humic acid and salicylic acid to alleviate seedling drought stress in two corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 42: 1483-1495.
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Cakmak, I. (2000). Tansley Review No. 111 Possible roles of zinc in protecting plant cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. The New Phytologist. 146(2): 185-205.
Cornish, K., and Zeevaart, J. A. (1986). Abscisic acid accumulation by in situ and isolated guard cells of Pisum sativum L. and Vicia faba L. in relation to water stress. Plant Physiology. 81(4): 1017-1021.
Daneshmand, F., Arvin, M. J., Keramat, B. and Momeni, N. (2012). Interactive Effects Of Salt Stress And Salicylic Acid On Germination And Plant Growth Parameters Of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Under Field Conditions. Journal Of Plant Process And Function. 1: 57-70.
El-Tayeb, M. A. (2005). Response of barley grains to the interactive e.ect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation. 45: 215-224.
Farooq, M., Basra, S. M. A., Rehman, H. and Saleem, B. A. (2008). Seed Priming Enhances the Performance of Late Sown Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Improving Chilling Tolerance. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 194: 55-60.
Fathi, A. and Tari, D. B. (2016). Effect of drought stress and its mechanism in plants. International Journal of Life Sciences. 10: 1-6.
Fathi, G. (2005). Drought and nitrogen effects on nitrogen remobilization in six wheat cultivars. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Science, 36: 1093-1101.
Fayez, K. A. and Bazaid, S. A. (2014). Improving drought and salinity tolerance in barley by application of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. 13: 45-55.
Gardner, F. P., Pearce, R. B.and Mitchell, R. L. (2017). Physiology of crop plants, Scientific Publishers.
Guttieri, M. J., Ahmad, R., Stark, J. C. and Souza, E. (2000). End-use quality of six hard red spring wheat cultivars at different irrigation levels. Crop Science. 40(3): 631-635.
Hayat, Q., Hayat, S., Irfan, M. and Ahmad, A. (2010). Effect of exogenous salicylic acid under changing environment: A review. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 68: 14-25.
Hopkins, W. G. (1999). Introduction to plant physiology, John Wiley and Sons.
Hunt, R. (2012). Basic growth analysis: plant growth analysis for beginners. Springer Science & Business Media.
Iqbal, M. N., Rasheed, R., Ashraf, M. Y., Ashraf, M. A. and Hussain, I. (2018). Exogenously applied zinc and copper mitigate salinity effect in maize (Zea mays L.) by improving key physiological and biochemical attributes. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 25: 23883-23896.
Jeller, H. and Perez, S. C. J. G. D. (2001). Effects of water and salt stress and the gibberellln action in senna spectabilis seeds. ciência florestal. 11(1): 93-104.
Jiang, Y. and Huang, B. (2001). Drought and Heat Stress Injury to Two Cool-Season Turfgrasses in Relation to Antioxidant Metabolism and Lipid Peroxidation Contribution No. 00-227-J from Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn. Crop Science. 41: 436-442.
Kabiri, R., Nasibi, F. and Farahbakhsh, H. (2014). Effect of exogenous salicylic acid on some physiological parameters and alleviation of drought stress in Nigella sativa plant under hydroponic culture. Plant Protection Science. 50: 43-51.
Khajehpour, M. R. (2014). Cereal, University of Esfahan, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research.
Khan, A. G. (2006). Mycorrhizoremediation—an enhanced form of phytoremediation. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B. 7: 503-514.
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